centos7磁盘挂载与LVM扩容

发布时间 2023-10-07 15:44:40作者: 伊丽莎白菜

新申请的ECS,磁盘一般不给挂好,非得为难我这菜鸟自己操作

磁盘挂载

查看一下现有磁盘

fdisk -l
可以看到有一块500G的磁盘/dev/vdb未使用:

Disk /dev/vda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000c13d8

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *        2048     1026047      512000   83  Linux
/dev/vda2         1026048     9414655     4194304   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/vda3         9414656   104857599    47721472   83  Linux

Disk /dev/vdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x42aae898

创建磁盘分区

fdisk /dev/vdb

输入n,创建新分区;大小指定为100G:

Disk /dev/vdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x42aae898

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vdb1            2048   209717247   104857600   83  Linux

Disk /dev/mapper/vg0-lv0: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

创建PV(物理卷)

pvcreate /dev/vdb1
# 查看pv
pvs 
  PV         VG  Fmt  Attr PSize    PFree  
  /dev/vdb1  vg0 lvm2 a--  <100.00g 100G 

如果提示没有命令,则使用命令yum -y install lvm2安装lvm2.

创建VG(卷组)

vgcreate vg0 /dev/vdb1
# 查看
vgs
  VG  #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree  
  vg0   1   1   0 wz--n- 100G    100G

创建LV(逻辑卷)

lvcreate -L 95G -n lv0 vg0
# 查看
lvs
  LV   VG  Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lv0  vg0 -wi-ao---- 95.00g 

格式化分区

mkfs.xfs /dev/vg0/lv0
# 查看
lsblk

挂载分区

mount /dev/vg0/lv0 /apps
# 查看
df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0  95G   33M  94G   1% /apps

挂载分配文件/etc/fstab

如果不配置,重启服务器后挂载点会丢失,还得重新挂载。容易引起不必要的恐慌。

echo '/dev/vg0/lv0 /apps xfs defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab

扩容逻辑分区

创建磁盘分区

fdisk /dev/vdb

输入n,创建新分区:

Disk /dev/vdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x42aae898

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vdb1            2048   209717247   104857600   83  Linux
/dev/vdb2       209717248  1048575999   419429376   83  Linux

Disk /dev/mapper/vg0-lv0: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

重读分区表

partprobe /dev/vdb2

格式化分区

mkfs.xfs /dev/vdb2

扩容VG

vgextend vg0 /dev/vdb2

扩容LV

lvextend -L +5G /dev/vg0/lv0

刷新文件系统

xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/vg0-lv0

df -h查看

Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0  100G   33M  100G   1% /apps