#配置说明
Linux版本：Centos7
MySQL版本：mysql-5.7.26
该文档适用于MySQL版本>=5.7.6
数据库源码存放目录：/apps/mysql_source #存储空间要大一些
数据库安装目录：/usr/local/web/mysql
数据库的数据目录：/home/mysql/data
#1)安装相关依赖包
[root@localhost ~]#yum install -y cmake gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel bison zlib libxml openssl automake autoconf make libtool bison-devel libaio-devel
#2)创建用户和数据库目录
[root@localhost ~]#groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]#useradd -s /bin/bash -m -g mysql mysql
[root@localhost ~]#mkdir -p /apps/mysql_source
[root@localhost ~]#mkdir -p /usr/local/web/mysql
[root@localhost ~]#mkdir -p /home/mysql/data
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /home/mysql/data
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/web/mysql
#3)下载并解压缩源码包
#下载源码并清除 centos 原有my.cnf配置文件：
[root@localhost ~]#mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql.cof.back
[root@localhost ~]#cd /apps/mysql_source
[root@localhost ~]#wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.26.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]#tar -zxf mysql-5.7.26.tar.gz -C /apps/mysql_source/
#4)安装boost
#mysql5.7.6以后需要安装 boost库文件
[root@localhost ~]#cd /usr/local
[root@localhost ~]#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
#5)准备编译环境并编译安装
#编译选项：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/source-configuration-options.html
[root@localhost ~]#cd /apps/mysql_source/mysql-5.7.26/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.26]#cmake \
-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/web/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/web/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/home/mysql/data \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/my.cnf \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DENABLE_DEBUG_SYNC=0 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DENABLED_PROFILING=1 \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0 \
-DWITH_SSL=yes \
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
#如果编译出现错误，请先删除CMakeCache.txt后，再重新编译
#cmake参数解释如下：
DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql:安装路径
DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql:数据文件存放位置
DSYSCONFDIR=/etc:my.cnf路径
DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1:支持MyIASM引擎
DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1:支持InnoDB引擎DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysqld.sock:连接数据库socket路径
DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306:端口
DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1:允许从本地导入数据
DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1:安装支持数据库分区
DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all:安装所有的字符集
DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8:默认字符
DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1:嵌入式服务器
#该命令中可以通过添加-j参数指定多线程工作，如make -j2 && make install -j2 则使用2个CPU核进行make
[root@localhost ~]#make -j2 && make install -j2
#6）设置开机自启动
[root@localhost ~]#cp /usr/local/web/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]#chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]#chkconfig --add mysqld
#7）准备my.cnf文件
[root@localhost ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/web/mysql
datadir = /home/mysql/data
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
socket = /usr/local/web/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld_safe]
log-error = /home/mysql/data/error.log
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
#8）配置环境变量，使/usr/local/web/mysql/bin，lib目录下所有命令可以在任意目录执行。
[root@localhost bin]# echo 'PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/web/mysql/bin:/usr/local/web/mysql/lib/' >> /etc/profile
[root@localhost bin]# . /etc/profile
#9）初始化数据库
#如果出现如下信息：unknown variable 'defaults-file=/data/mysql/my.cnf'，请保证--defaults-file配置选项在最前面
[root@localhost data]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/web/mysql --datadir=/home/mysql/data --user=mysql
2021-11-03T05:42:04.327406Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2021-11-03T05:42:04.355994Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2021-11-03T05:42:04.413061Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: c660a456-3c68-11ec-8cf0-000c29b37a91.
2021-11-03T05:42:04.414512Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2021-11-03T05:42:04.533331Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2021-11-03T05:42:04.632590Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: .Y)uL3E=riO5 #生成的随机密码
#初始化报错参考文档：http://blog.csdn.net/nicolelili1/article/details/78580681
#10）启动数据库
#mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf & 或者 service mysqld start
[root@localhost data]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/home/mysql/data/error.log'.
[ OK ]
#mysql启动报错：Starting MySQL... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file参考：http://blog.51cto.com/732233048/1636409，启动不成功，修改my.cnf后需要重新初始化
#11）登录并修改密码
#以.Y)uL3E=riO5这个初始化密码登录
[root@localhost data]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.26
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
#设置新密码
mysql> set password=password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
#刷新权限
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#以新密码登录数据库
[root@localhost data]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.26 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
#创建用户 root'@'% 表示root在所有主机上登录数据库
mysql> CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#授权root在所有主机上登录数据库，有所有数据库的权限
mysql> GRANT all ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#用centos8机器，yum安装mariadb数据库软件，验证远程机器登录数据库
[root@centos8 ~]#mysql -h10.0.0.152 -uroot -p123456
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.7.26 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.001 sec)
#关闭数据库：mysqladmin shutdown -uroot -S /usr/local/web/mysql/mysql.sock -p 或 service mysqld stop
#MySQL5.7 和以前版本不同点：
1.初始化工具不同
MySQL5.6.xx使用的是mysql_install_db，MySQL5.7.6+官方推荐使用mysqld –initialize。
2.初始化数据库不同
MySQL5.6.xx初始化之后存在mysql,information_schema,performance_schema,test四个数据库，MySQL5.7.6+初始化之后存在mysql,information_schema,performance_schema,sys四个数据库。
3.初始化用户不同
MySQL5.6.xx初始化之后存在root@localhost,root@'::1',root@'hostname',''@'localhost',''@'hostname'五个用户，MySQL5.7.6+初始化之后存在mysql.sys,root@localhost，用户
4.初始化root密码
MySQL5.6.xx初始化之后root用户密码为空，MySQL5.7.6+初始化之后会为root@localhost用户生成随机密码。
#MySQL安装常用参考文档：
安装过程：
1. http://blog.csdn.net/sungsasong/article/details/76278361
2.https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000012099346
3.http://www.centoscn.com/mysql/2016/0315/6844.html通过编译、二进制安装MySQL5.7
发布时间 2023-10-07 15:03:48作者: 小糊涂90