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Containerd 高级命令行工具 nerdctl

发布时间 2023-09-12 11:58:25作者: taotaozh

Containerd 高级命令行工具 nerdctl

一、安装nerdctl

# 在 GitHub Release 页面下载对应的压缩包解压到 PATH 路径下即可：

wget https://github.com/containerd/nerdctl/releases/download/v1.5.0/nerdctl-1.5.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz

mkdir -p /usr/local/containerd/bin/ && tar -zxvf nerdctl-1.5.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz nerdctl && mv nerdctl /usr/local/containerd/bin/

ln -s /usr/local/containerd/bin/nerdctl /usr/local/bin/nerdctl

# 验证 【有个告警说"buildctl": executable file not found in $PATH】我们再安装另一个buildctl
[root@k8s-master03 ~]# nerdctl version
WARN[0000] unable to determine buildctl version: exec: "buildctl": executable file not found in $PATH 
Client:
 Version:	v1.5.0
 OS/Arch:	linux/amd64
 Git commit:	b33a58f288bc42351404a016e694190b897cd252
 buildctl:
  Version:	

Server:
 containerd:
  Version:	1.6.22
  GitCommit:	8165feabfdfe38c65b599c4993d227328c231fca
 runc:
  Version:	1.1.8
  GitCommit:	v1.1.8-0-g82f18fe

二、安装buildctl

wget https://github.com/moby/buildkit/releases/download/v0.12.2/buildkit-v0.12.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz

mkdir -p /usr/local/buildctl -p && tar -zxvf buildkit-v0.12.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/buildctl

ln -s /usr/local/buildctl/bin/buildkitd /usr/local/bin/buildkitd
ln -s /usr/local/buildctl/bin/buildctl /usr/local/bin/buildctl

# 使用Systemd来管理buildkitd，创建如下所示的systemd unit文件
cat >> /etc/systemd/system/buildkit.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=BuildKit
Documentation=https://github.com/moby/buildkit

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/buildkitd --oci-worker=false --containerd-worker=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# 启动buildkitd
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable buildkit --now
systemctl status buildkit

# 再次验证
[root@k8s-master03 bin]# nerdctl version  
Client:
 Version:	v1.5.0
 OS/Arch:	linux/amd64
 Git commit:	b33a58f288bc42351404a016e694190b897cd252
 buildctl:
  Version:	v0.12.2
  GitCommit:	567a99433ca23402d5e9b9f9124005d2e59b8861

Server:
 containerd:
  Version:	1.6.22
  GitCommit:	8165feabfdfe38c65b599c4993d227328c231fca
 runc:
  Version:	1.1.8
  GitCommit:	v1.1.8-0-g82f18fe

三、常用nerdctl命令

#nerdctl run :创建容器
nerdctl run -d -p 80:80 --name=nginx --restart=always nginx

#nerdctl exec :进入容器
nerdctl exec -it nginx /bin/sh

#nerdctl ps :列出容器
nerdctl ps -a

#nerdctl inspect :获取容器的详细信息 
nerdctl inspect nginx

#nerdctl logs :获取容器日志
nerdctl logs -f nginx

#nerdctl stop :停止容器
nerdctl stop nginx

#nerdctl rm :删除容器
nerdctl rm -f nginx
nerdctl rmi -f <IMAGE ID>

#nerdctl images：镜像列表
nerdctl images
nerdctl -n=k8s.io images
nerdctl -n=k8s.io images | grep -v '<none>'

#nerdctl pull :拉取镜像
nerdctl pull nginx

#使用 nerdctl login --username xxx --password xxx 进行登录，使用 nerdctl logout 可以注销退出登录
nerdctl login
nerdctl logout

#nerdctl tag :镜像标签
nerdctl tag nginx:latest harbor.k8s/image/nginx:latest

#nerdctl push :推送镜像
nerdctl push harbor.k8s/image/nginx:latest

#nerdctl save :导出镜像
nerdctl save -o busybox.tar.gz busybox:latest

#nerdctl load :导入镜像
nerdctl load -i busybox.tar.gz

#nerdctl rmi :删除镜像
nerdctl rmi busybox

#nerdctl build :从Dockerfile构建镜像
nerdctl build -t centos:v1.0 -f centos.dockerfile .

参考：https://www.boysec.cn/boy/12ce5543.html