假如前端传入了一组数据：
{name:'赛尔达传说:王国之泪', price: 350, publish: 1, authors: [1, 2]}
如上： publish按id传入，authors也按id传入。
read_only与write_only
- read_only用于序列化
- write_only用于反序列化
- 这两个是字段参数
示例
# 要新增的数据：
{'name': '恶魔之魂', 'price': '360', 'publish': '1', 'authors': [3, 4]}
models.py
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Book(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
price = models.CharField(max_length=32)
# 图书与出版社外键字段，一对多
publish = models.ForeignKey(to='Publish', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
# 图书与作者外键字段，多对多
authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author')
# 在模型表中定制序列化类
@property
def publish_detail(self): # 定义的名字需要与serializer.py中定义的序列化类中的名字相同
return {'name': self.publish.name, 'addr': self.publish.addr}
@property
def authors_detail(self): # 定义的名字需要与serializer.py中定义的序列化类中的名字相同
list = []
for author in self.authors.all():
list.append({'name': author.name, 'phone': author.phone})
return list
class Publish(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
addr = models.CharField(max_length=64)
class Author(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
phone = models.CharField(max_length=11)
serializer.py
from rest_framework import serializers
from app01 import models
class BookSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
# 不指定read_only与write_only则表示可以用来读也可以用来写
name = serializers.CharField()
price = serializers.CharField()
# 指定read_only表示只用来读，也就是序列化
publish_detail = serializers.DictField(read_only=True)
authors_detail = serializers.ListField(read_only=True)
# 指定write_only表示只用来写，也就是反序列化
publish = serializers.CharField(write_only=True)
authors = serializers.ListField(write_only=True)
# 新增就需要重写create方法
def create(self, validated_data):
# validated_data是字典类型{'name': '恶魔之魂', 'price': '360', 'publish': '1', 'authors': [3, 4]}
book = models.Book.objects.create(name=validated_data.get('name'),
price=validated_data.get('price'),
publish_id=validated_data.get('publish'))
# 反序列化保存多对多关系表
book.authors.add(*validated_data.get('authors'))
return book
views.py
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from app01 import models
from app01.serializer.serializer import BookSerializers
class BookView(APIView):
def get(self, request):
book_obj = models.Book.objects.all()
book_ser = BookSerializers(instance=book_obj, many=True)
return Response(book_ser.data)
def post(self, request):
book_ser = BookSerializers(data=request.data)
if book_ser.is_valid():
book_ser.save()
return Response({'code': 100, 'msg': '新增成功'})
else:
return Response({'code': 101, 'msg': book_ser.errors})