一、前言
在第三阶段作业中，五次训练集得分依次为100、100、100、100、96. 五次训练集都不简单。
其中，训练集09虽然题量较少，但程序比较复杂，而且老师也对代码的编写有要求，比如代码行数小于60为一档、小于100为二挡、小于150为三挡，而且代码必须模块化。
训练集07、08、10、11题量都较大，都有一道较大的程序题，不过在经历之前的训练后，完成这类型的大程序已经不在话下训练集07、08、10都全完成，训练集11只有一个测试点没通过，找了很久也没找出问题所在。
二、设计与分析
OOP训练集07 7-1 菜单计价程序-5
类图如下：
设计分析与心得：
由于上次OOP训练集06 7-1 菜单计价程序-4仅仅得了67分，为了培养坚韧不拔的品质，一定要将此题拿下。
通读题目描述后，与上次的区别就是少了很多异常情况，增加了口味度情况，以及增加了客户信息。总体来说比上次简单。
Dish类用于储存单个菜品信息：菜品名称、单价，并能根据单价和份额计算该菜品价格；
Menu类：对应菜谱，包含饭店提供的所有菜的信息。根据菜名在菜谱中查找菜品信息，返回Dish对象，以及添加菜品信息；
Record类：保存订单上的一道菜品记录：序号和菜品份额、份数以及口味度值。并能计算该条记录的价格；
Order类：保存用户点的所有菜的信息：订单上每一道的记录。有添加菜品的功能、能根据序号删除一条菜品记录、能根据序号查找一条菜品记录；
Table类：储存一桌的信息：桌号、日期、订单、客户信息、口味度总和。能计算该桌的价格；
Tables类：保存每桌的信息。能添加桌子信息，按用户名称寻找桌子，根据用户名称计算该用户需付款，并能打印各桌信息；
Customer类：储存一个用户的信息：用户名称、用户电话号码。
Customers类：储存所有用户信息。能根据用户名称查找该用户信息，将用户根据名称排序后打印用户信息。
源码如下：
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
Menu menu = new Menu();
Tables tables = new Tables();
Customers customers = new Customers();
int tableCount = 0;
boolean isTableError = false;
while (true) {
String str = sc.nextLine();
if (str.equals("end")) {
break;
}
String[] splitStr = str.split(" ");
if (str.matches("[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+\\s[0-9]+")) { // 菜谱中普通菜
if (tableCount == 0) {
int unit_price = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[1]);
Dish preDish = menu.searthDish(splitStr[0]);
if (preDish == null) {
menu.addDish(splitStr[0], null, unit_price, false);
} else { // 相同菜品情况
preDish.unit_price = unit_price;
preDish.isSpecialty = false;
}
} else {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence("wrong format");
}
} else if (str.matches("[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]{2}\\s[0-9]+\\sT")) { // 菜谱中特色菜
if (tableCount == 0) {
int unit_price = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[2]);
Dish preDish = menu.searthDish(splitStr[0]);
if (preDish == null) {
menu.addDish(splitStr[0], splitStr[1], unit_price, true);
} else {
preDish.flavor = splitStr[1];
preDish.unit_price = unit_price;
preDish.isSpecialty = true;
}
} else {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence("wrong format");
}
} else if (splitStr[0].equals("table")) {
if (str.matches(
"table\\s[0-9]\\s:\\s[a-z]{1,10}\\s(180|181|189|133|135|136)[0-9]{8}\\s[0-9]{1,4}/[0-9]{1,2}/[0-9]{1,2}\\s\\d{1,2}/\\d{1,2}/\\d{1,2}")
&& checkTimeValidity(splitStr[5], splitStr[6])) { // 桌号标识
int tableNum = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[1]);
String[] times = splitStr[6].split("/");
int hour = Integer.parseInt(times[0]);
int minute = Integer.parseInt(times[1]);
int second = Integer.parseInt(times[2]);
int dayOfWeek = getDayOfWeek(splitStr[5]);
if (isDuringTime(dayOfWeek, hour, minute, second)) {
isTableError = false;
String[] dates = splitStr[5].split("/");
int year = Integer.parseInt(dates[0]);
int month = Integer.parseInt(dates[1]);
int day = Integer.parseInt(dates[2]);
tables.addTable(tableNum, year, month, day, hour, minute, second, dayOfWeek, splitStr[3]);
tableCount++;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("table ").append(tableNum).append(": ");
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
Customer preCustomer = customers.findCustomerByName(splitStr[3]);
if (preCustomer == null) { // customer
customers.addCustomer(splitStr[3], splitStr[4]);
}
} else {
isTableError = true;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("table ").append(tableNum).append(" out of opening hours");
if (tableCount == 0) {
System.out.println(sb.toString());
} else {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
}
}
} else {
isTableError = true;
if (tableCount == 0) {
System.out.println("wrong format");
} else {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence("wrong format");
}
}
} else if (tableCount > 0 && str.matches("\\d+\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+\\s\\d\\s\\d+")) { // 点普通菜
Dish dish = menu.searthDish(splitStr[1]);
if (dish == null) { // 菜谱中没有
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(splitStr[1]).append(" does not exist");
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
} else {
if (dish.flavor == null) {
int orderNum = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[0]);
int portion = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[2]);
int num = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[3]);
Record newRecord = tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addARecord(orderNum, dish, -1,
portion, num);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(orderNum).append(" ").append(splitStr[1]).append(" ")
.append(newRecord.getPrice());
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
} else {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence("wrong format");
}
}
} else if (tableCount > 0 && str.matches("\\d+\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+\\s\\d+\\s\\d\\s\\d+")) {// 点特色菜
Dish dish = menu.searthDish(splitStr[1]);
if (dish == null) { // 菜谱中没有
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(splitStr[1]).append(" does not exist");
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
} else {
if (dish.flavor != null) {
int taste = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[2]);
int orderNum = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[0]);
int portion = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[3]);
int num = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[4]);
if (dish.flavor.equals("川菜")) {
if (taste < 0 || taste > 5) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("spicy num out of range :").append(taste);
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
continue;
} else {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).chuanFlavor += taste * num;
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).chuanCount += num;
}
}
if (dish.flavor.equals("晋菜")) {
if (taste < 0 || taste > 4) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("acidity num out of range :").append(taste);
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
continue;
} else {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).jinFlavor += taste * num;
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).jinCount += num;
}
}
if (dish.flavor.equals("浙菜")) {
if (taste < 0 || taste > 3) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("sweetness num out of range :").append(taste);
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
continue;
} else {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).zheFlavor += taste * num;
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).zheCount += num;
}
}
if (portion < 1 || portion > 3) {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence("wrong format");
continue;
}
Record newRecord = tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addARecord(orderNum, dish,
taste, portion, num);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(orderNum).append(" ").append(splitStr[1]).append(" ")
.append(newRecord.getPrice());
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
} else {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence("wrong format");
}
}
} else if (tableCount > 0 && str.matches("\\d+\\sdelete")) { // delete
int orderNum = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[0]);
Record delRecord = tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.findRecordByNum(orderNum);
if (delRecord != null) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(delRecord.orderNum).append(" ").append(delRecord.dish.name).append(" ")
.append(delRecord.getPrice());
if (delRecord.dish.isSpecialty == true) {
if (delRecord.dish.flavor.equals("川菜")) {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).chuanFlavor -= delRecord.taste * delRecord.num;
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).chuanCount -= delRecord.num;
} else if (delRecord.dish.flavor.equals("晋菜")) {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).jinFlavor -= delRecord.taste * delRecord.num;
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).jinCount -= delRecord.num;
} else if (delRecord.dish.flavor.equals("浙菜")) {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).zheFlavor -= delRecord.taste * delRecord.num;
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).zheCount -= delRecord.num;
}
}
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.delARecordByOrderNum(orderNum);
// tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.deleteSentence(sb.toString());
} else {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence("delete error;");
}
} else if (tableCount > 0 && str.matches("\\d+\\s\\d+\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+\\s\\d\\s\\d+")) { // 代点普通菜
int tableNum = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[0]);
int orderNum = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[1]);
int portion = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[3]);
int num = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[4]);
if (tables.findTableByNum(tableNum) != null) {
Dish dish = menu.searthDish(splitStr[2]);
if (dish == null) { // 没有这个菜
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(splitStr[1]).append(" does not exist");
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
} else { // 有这个菜
if (dish.flavor == null) {
Record newRecord = tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addARecord(orderNum, dish,
orderNum, portion, num);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(orderNum).append(" table ")
.append(tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).tableNum)
.append(" pay for table ").append(tableNum).append(" ")
.append(newRecord.getPrice());
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
} else {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence("wrong format");
}
}
}
} else if (tableCount > 0 && str.matches("\\d+\\s\\d+\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+\\s\\d+\\s\\d\\s\\d+")) { // 代点特色菜
int tableNum = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[0]);
int orderNum = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[1]);
int portion = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[4]);
int num = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[5]);
if (tables.findTableByNum(tableNum) != null) { // 有这个桌子
Dish dish = menu.searthDish(splitStr[2]);
if (dish == null) { // 没有这个菜
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(splitStr[1]).append(" does not exist");
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
} else { // 有这个菜
if (dish.flavor != null) {
int taste = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[3]);
if (dish.flavor.equals("川菜")) {
if (taste < 0 || taste > 5) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("spicy num out of range :");
sb.append(taste);
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
continue;
} else {
tables.findTableByNum(orderNum).chuanFlavor += taste * num;
tables.findTableByNum(orderNum).chuanCount += num;
}
}
if (dish.flavor.equals("晋菜")) {
if (taste < 0 || taste > 4) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("acidity num out of range :").append(taste);
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
continue;
} else {
tables.findTableByNum(orderNum).jinFlavor += taste * num;
tables.findTableByNum(orderNum).jinCount += num;
}
}
if (dish.flavor.equals("浙菜")) {
if (taste < 0 || taste > 3) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder().append(taste);
sb.append("sweetness num out of range :").append(taste);
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
continue;
} else {
tables.findTableByNum(orderNum).zheFlavor += taste * num;
tables.findTableByNum(orderNum).zheCount += num;
}
}
} else {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence("wrong format");
}
Record newRecord = tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addARecord(orderNum, dish,
orderNum, portion,
num);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(orderNum).append(" table ").append(tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).tableNum)
.append(" pay for table ").append(tableNum).append(" ").append(newRecord.getPrice());
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence(sb.toString());
}
}
} else {
if (isTableError == false && tableCount == 0) {
System.out.println("wrong format");
}
if (tableCount > 0) {
tables.findTableByIndex(tableCount - 1).order.addSentence("wrong format");
}
}
}
sc.close();
tables.showTables();
customers.showCustomers(tables);
}
public static boolean checkTimeValidity(String date, String time) {
int[] mon_maxnum = new int[] { 0, 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 };
String[] dates = date.split("/");
String[] times = time.split("/");
int year = Integer.parseInt(dates[0]);
int month = Integer.parseInt(dates[1]);
int day = Integer.parseInt(dates[2]);
int hour = Integer.parseInt(times[0]);
int minute = Integer.parseInt(times[1]);
int second = Integer.parseInt(times[2]);
boolean flag = true;
if (year % 400 == 0 || (year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0)) {
mon_maxnum[2] = 29;
}
if (month >= 1 && month <= 12) {
if (day >= 1 && day <= mon_maxnum[month]) {
if (hour >= 0 && hour <= 23 && minute >= 0 && minute <= 59 && second >= 0 && second <= 59) {
} else {
flag = false;
}
} else {
flag = false;
}
} else {
flag = false;
}
return flag;
}
public static boolean isDuringTime(int dayOfWeek, int hour, int minute, int second) {
if (dayOfWeek >= 1 && dayOfWeek <= 5) {
if (hour == 10) {
if (minute >= 30 && minute < 60 && second >= 0 && second < 60) {
return true;
}
} else if (hour == 20 || hour == 14) {
if (minute == 30 && second == 0) { // 20 : 30; 14 : 30
return true;
} else if (minute >= 0 && minute < 30 && second >= 0 && second < 60) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
} else if ((hour >= 17 && hour <= 19) || (hour >= 11 && hour <= 13)) {
if (minute >= 0 && minute < 60 && second >= 0 && second < 60) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
} else if (dayOfWeek >= 6 && dayOfWeek <= 7) {
if (hour == 9) {
if (minute >= 30 && minute < 60 && second >= 0 && second < 60) {
return true;
}
} else if (hour == 21) {
if (minute == 30 && second == 0) { // 21 : 30
return true;
} else if (minute >= 0 && minute < 30 && second >= 0 && second < 60) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
} else if (hour >= 10 && hour <= 20) {
if (minute >= 0 && minute < 60 && second >= 0 && second < 60) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
}
return false;
}
public static int getDayOfWeek(String date) { // 找星期几
String[] arr = { "0", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat", "Sun" };
Date dateUtil = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat f = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd");
try {
dateUtil = f.parse(date);
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
int index = 0;
String temp = dateUtil.toString();
String[] temp1 = temp.split(" ");
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
if (temp1[0].equals(arr[i])) {
index = i;
break;
}
}
return index;
}
}
//
class Dish { // 菜品类：对应菜谱上一道菜的信息。
String name;// 菜品名称
int unit_price; // 单价
String flavor; // 口味
boolean isSpecialty; // 是否为特色菜
public Dish() {
}
public Dish(String name, String flavor, int unit_price, boolean isSpecialty) {
this.name = name;
this.flavor = flavor;
this.unit_price = unit_price;
this.isSpecialty = isSpecialty;
}
int getPrice(int portion) {
int price = 0;
switch (portion) {
case 1:
price = unit_price;
break;
case 2:
price = (int) Math.round((float) unit_price * 1.5);
break;
case 3:
price = unit_price * 2;
break;
}
return price;
}
}
class Menu { // 菜谱类：对应菜谱，包含饭店提供的所有菜的信息。
Dish[] dishs = new Dish[100];// 菜品数组，保存所有菜品信息
int count = 0;
public Menu() {
}
public Dish searthDish(String dishName) { // 根据菜名在菜谱中查找菜品信息，返回Dish对象。
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
if (dishName.equals(dishs[i].name)) { // 找得到
return dishs[i];
}
}
return null;
}
public Dish addDish(String dishName, String flavor, int unit_price, boolean isSpecialty) {// 添加一道菜品信息
Dish newDish = new Dish(dishName, flavor, unit_price, isSpecialty);
dishs[count] = newDish;
count++;
return newDish;
}
}
class Record {// 点菜记录类：保存订单上的一道菜品记录
int orderNum;// 序号
Dish dish;// 菜品
int taste; // 口味度值
int portion;// 份额（1/2/3代表小/中/大份）
int num; // 份数
public Record() {
}
public Record(int orderNum, Dish dish, int taste, int portion, int num) {
this.orderNum = orderNum;
this.dish = dish;
this.taste = taste;
this.portion = portion;
this.num = num;
}
int getPrice() {// 计价，计算本条记录的价格
return dish.getPrice(portion) * num;
}
}
class Order { // 订单类：保存用户点的所有菜的信息。
String[] sentences = new String[100]; // 保存语句
Record[] records = new Record[100]; // 保存订单上每一道的记录
int count = 0; // 订单个数
int senCount = 0; // 语句个数
public Order() {
}
public int getTotalPrice() { // 计算订单的总价
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
sum += records[i].getPrice();
}
return sum;
}
public int getNonSpecialtuPrice(int hour) { // 普通菜总价
int sum = 0;
double discount = 0;
if (hour >= 10 && hour <= 14) {
discount = 0.6;
} else if (hour >= 17 && hour <= 20) {
discount = 0.8;
}
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
if (!records[i].dish.isSpecialty) {
sum += (int) Math.round((double) records[i].getPrice() * discount);
}
}
return sum;
}
public int getSpecialtyPrice() { // 特色菜总价
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
if (records[i].dish.isSpecialty) {
sum += (int) Math.round((double) records[i].getPrice() * 0.7);
}
}
return sum;
}
public Record addARecord(int orderNum, Dish dish, int taste, int portion, int num) {// 添加一条菜
Record newRecord = new Record(orderNum, dish, taste, portion, num);
records[count] = newRecord;
count++;
return newRecord;
}
public void delARecordByOrderNum(int orderNum) {// 根据序号删除一条记录
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
if (orderNum == records[i].orderNum) { // 有删除序号
for (int j = i; j < count; j++) {
records[j] = records[j + 1];
}
count--;
break;
}
}
}
public Record findRecordByNum(int orderNum) {// 根据序号查找一条记录
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
if (orderNum == records[i].orderNum) {
return records[i];
}
}
return null;
}
// public Record findRecordByName(String name) {
// for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
// if (name.equals(records[i].name)) {
// return records[i];
// }
// }
// return null;
// }
public void addSentence(String str) {
sentences[senCount] = str;
senCount++;
}
public void deleteSentence(String str) {
for (int i = 0; i < senCount; i++) {
if (str.equals(sentences[i])) {
for (int j = i; j < senCount; j++) {
sentences[j] = sentences[j + 1];
}
break;
}
}
senCount--;
}
public void showSentence() {
for (int i = 0; i < senCount; i++) {
System.out.println(sentences[i]);
}
}
}
class Table { // 桌类：保存一桌的信息
int tableNum; // 桌号
int year;
int month;
int day;
int hour;
int minute;
int second;
Order order;
String customerName;
int dayOfWeek;
int chuanFlavor = 0;
int chuanCount = 0;
int jinFlavor = 0;
int jinCount = 0;
int zheFlavor = 0;
int zheCount = 0;
String[] dayOfWeekStrings = { "0", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat", "Sun" };
public Table() { // 无参构造方法
}
public Table(int tableNum, int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int dayOfWeek,
Order order, String customerName) { // 带参构造方法
this.tableNum = tableNum;
this.year = year;
this.month = month;
this.day = day;
this.hour = hour;
this.minute = minute;
this.second = second;
this.dayOfWeek = dayOfWeek;
this.order = order;
this.customerName = customerName;
}
public int getOriginalPrice() {
return order.getTotalPrice();
}
public int getDiscountPrice() {
if (dayOfWeek >= 6 && dayOfWeek <= 7) {
return order.getTotalPrice();
} else if (dayOfWeek >= 1 && dayOfWeek <= 5) {
return order.getNonSpecialtuPrice(hour) + order.getSpecialtyPrice();
}
return 0;
}
}
class Tables { // 保存每桌的信息
Table[] table = new Table[100];
int count = 0;
public Tables() {
}
public Table addTable(int tableNum, int year, int month, int day,
int hour, int minute, int second, int dayOfWeek, String customerName) {
Table newTable = new Table(tableNum, year, month, day, hour, minute, second, dayOfWeek, new Order(),
customerName);
table[count] = newTable;
count++;
return null;
}
public Table findTableByNum(int tableNum) { // 序号找桌子
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
if (tableNum == table[i].tableNum) {
return table[i];
}
}
return null;
}
public Table findTableByIndex(int index) { // 添加顺序找桌子
return table[index];
}
public int getTotalPriceByCustomerName(String name) { // 按桌主名称算总价
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
if (name.equals(table[i].customerName)) {
sum += table[i].getDiscountPrice();
}
}
return sum;
}
public void showTables() {
String[] averageChuanFlavor = { " 不辣", " 微辣", " 稍辣", " 辣", " 很辣", " 爆辣" };
String[] averageJinFlavor = { " 不酸", " 微酸", " 稍酸", " 酸", " 很酸" };
String[] averageZheFlavor = { " 不甜", " 微甜", " 稍甜", " 甜" };
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
table[i].order.showSentence();
}
boolean isAddSpace = true;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
isAddSpace = true;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("table ").append(table[i].tableNum).append(": ").append(table[i].getOriginalPrice()).append(" ")
.append(table[i].getDiscountPrice());
if (table[i].chuanCount != 0) {
isAddSpace = false;
int average = (int) Math.round((float) table[i].chuanFlavor / (float) table[i].chuanCount);
sb.append(" 川菜 ").append(table[i].chuanCount).append(averageChuanFlavor[average]);
}
if (table[i].jinCount != 0) {
isAddSpace = false;
int average = (int) Math.round((float) table[i].jinFlavor / (float) table[i].jinCount);
sb.append(" 晋菜 ").append(table[i].jinCount).append(averageJinFlavor[average]);
}
if (table[i].zheCount != 0) {
isAddSpace = false;
int average = (int) Math.round((float) table[i].zheFlavor / (float) table[i].zheCount);
sb.append(" 浙菜 ").append(table[i].zheCount).append(averageZheFlavor[average]);
}
if (isAddSpace) {
sb.append(" ");
}
System.out.println(sb.toString());
}
}
}
class Customer {
String name;
String phone;
public Customer() {
}
public Customer(String name, String phone) {
this.name = name;
this.phone = phone;
}
}
class Customers {
Customer[] customers = new Customer[100];
int customerCount = 0;
String[] names = new String[100];
int nameCount = 0;
public Customers() {
}
public Customer addCustomer(String name, String phone) {
Customer newCustomer = new Customer(name, phone);
customers[customerCount] = newCustomer;
customerCount++;
names[nameCount] = name;
nameCount++;
return newCustomer;
}
public Customer findCustomerByName(String name) {
for (int i = 0; i < customerCount; i++) {
if (name.equals(customers[i].name)) {
return customers[i];
}
}
return null;
}
public void sortNames() {
for (int i = 0; i < nameCount; i++) {
int k = i;
for (int j = i + 1; j < nameCount; j++) {
if (names[j].compareToIgnoreCase(names[k]) < 0) {
k = j;
}
}
String temp = names[i];
names[i] = names[k];
names[k] = temp;
}
}
public void showCustomers(Tables tables) {
sortNames();
for (int i = 0; i < customerCount; i++) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
Customer customer = findCustomerByName(names[i]);
sb.append(names[i]).append(" ").append(customer.phone).append(" ")
.append(tables.getTotalPriceByCustomerName(names[i]));
System.out.println(sb.toString());
}
}
}
OOP训练集08 7-1 课程成绩统计程序-1
类图如下：
设计分析与心得：
课程成绩统计程序系列第一次程序，相较于上一个系列菜单计价程序，题目要求，包括输入、输出等更为清晰，完成过程十分顺利。
Class_类：用于储存班级的信息(班级编号)，班级里有学生，能根据学生学号查找一个学生，能根据学生课程成绩计算该班级的平均分，能根据班级平均分从低到高对班级进行比较，以便后续进行排序输出，能输出学生的信息以及课程平均分，若该学生没有参加任何考试，则输出学生信息+“did not take any exams”。
Student类：用于储存学生的信息(学生学号、学生姓名、学生课程成绩、参与考试的个数)，能根据学生学号从低到高对学生进行比较，以便后续进行排序，如果学生参与的考试个数不为零，则计算该学生的平均分。
School类：为了储存班级而创建出的一个类，能根据班级办好查找该班级，能输出班级排序后的班级信息以及平均分、若班级没有考试信息，则输出班级信息+“did not take any exams”。
Course类：用于储存课程信息(课程名称，课程性质、课程考核方式)，能根据课程名称，从低到高进行比较，以便后续进行排序。
Curriculum类：为了储存课程而创建出的一个类，能添加一个课程信息，通过课程名称查找一个课程，并能对课程进行排序。
Score类：用于储存学生的成绩，并能根据成绩信息和权重值，计算期末总成绩。
ExamScore类、TestScore类继承Score类，属于两种不同的课程性质，ExamSocre类对应考试、TestScore类对应考察。
SelectCourse类：学生进行选课，其中含有学生、课程、课程成绩。
TheSystem类：为了储存选课信息而创建出的一个类，能添加一个选课信息，能通过学生学号、学生名称、考试名称判断选课信息是否重复，能输出课程信息以及课程平均分，若该课程没有考试信息，则输出课程信息+“has no grade yet”。
源码如下：
import java.text.Collator;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
School school = new School();
Curriculum curr = new Curriculum();
TheSystem theSystem = new TheSystem();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
String str = scanner.nextLine();
if (str.equals("end")) {
break;
}
String[] splitStr = str.split(" ");
if (str.matches("[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z]{1,10}\\s(选修|必修)\\s(考试|考察)")) {
String couName = splitStr[0];
String des = splitStr[1];
String type = splitStr[2];
if (splitStr[1].equals("必修") && splitStr[2].equals("考试")) {
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName) == null) {
curr.addCourse(new Course(couName, des, type));
}
} else if (splitStr[1].equals("选修")) {
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName) == null) {
curr.addCourse(new Course(couName, des, type));
}
} else { // 必修课考察情况
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(couName).append(" : course type & access mode mismatch");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else if (str.matches("[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z]{1,10}\\s(选修|必修)")) {
String couName = splitStr[0];
String des = splitStr[1];
if (des.equals("必修")) {
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName) == null) {
curr.addCourse(new Course(couName, des, "考试"));
}
} else { // 选修课无考核方式
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(couName).append(" : course type & access mode mismatch");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else if (str.matches(
"[1-9][0-9]{7}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z]{1,10}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z]{1,10}\\s([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|100)\\s([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|100)")) { // 考试
String stuId = splitStr[0];
String claId = splitStr[0].substring(0, 6);
String stuName = splitStr[1];
String couName = splitStr[2];
int grade = 0;
int performance = 0;
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName) != null) {
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName).getExamType().equals("考试")) {
grade = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[4]);
performance = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[3]);
} else {
grade--;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(stuId).append(" ").append(stuName).append(" ")
.append(": access mode mismatch");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else {
grade--;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(couName).append(" does not exist");
System.out.println(sb);
}
if (school.findClass_ByID(claId) == null) {
school.addClass(new Class_(claId));
}
if (school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName) == null) {
school.findClass_ByID(claId)
.addStudent(new Student(stuId, stuName, 0, 0));
}
if (!theSystem.hasSame(stuId, stuName, couName) && grade >= 0) {
school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName)
.addTotalScore((int) (performance * 0.3 + grade * 0.7));
theSystem.addSelectCourse(
new SelectCourse(curr.findCourseByName(couName),
new ExamScore(performance, grade),
school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName)));
}
} else if (str.matches(
"[1-9][0-9]{7}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z]{1,10}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z]{1,10}\\s([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|100)")) { // 考察
String stuId = splitStr[0];
String claId = splitStr[0].substring(0, 6);
String stuName = splitStr[1];
String couName = splitStr[2];
int grade = 0;
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName) != null) {
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName).getExamType().equals("考察")) {
grade = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[3]);
} else {
grade--;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(stuId).append(" ").append(stuName).append(" ")
.append(": access mode mismatch");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else {
grade--;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(couName).append(" does not exist");
System.out.println(sb);
}
if (school.findClass_ByID(claId) == null) {
school.addClass(new Class_(claId));
}
if (school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName) == null) {
school.findClass_ByID(claId)
.addStudent(new Student(stuId, stuName, 0, 0));
}
if (!theSystem.hasSame(stuId, stuName, couName) && grade >= 0) {
school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName)
.addTotalScore(grade);
theSystem.addSelectCourse(
new SelectCourse(curr.findCourseByName(couName),
new TestScore(grade),
school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName)));
}
} else {
System.out.println("wrong format");
}
}
scanner.close();
school.showStudents();
theSystem.showCourses(curr);
school.showClass_es();
}
}
class School {
private ArrayList<Class_> class_es = new ArrayList<>();
public School() {
}
public void addClass(Class_ class_) {
this.class_es.add(class_);
}
public Class_ findClass_ByID(String classId) {
int size = class_es.size();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
if (class_es.get(i).getClassId().equals(classId)) {
return class_es.get(i);
}
}
return null;
}
public void showClass_es() {
Collections.sort(class_es);
for (Class_ c : class_es) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(c.getClassId());
if (c.getNum() == 0) {
sb.append(" has no grades yet");
} else {
sb.append(" ").append(c.getAverageScore());
}
System.out.println(sb);
}
}
public void showStudents() {
Collections.sort(class_es);
for (Class_ class_ : class_es) {
class_.showStudents();
}
}
}
class Class_ implements Comparable<Class_> {
private ArrayList<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();
private String classId;
public Class_() {
}
public Class_(String classId) {
this.classId = classId;
}
public String getClassId() {
return classId;
}
public void setClass(String classId) {
this.classId = classId;
}
public void addStudent(Student student) {
this.students.add(student);
}
public int getNum() {
int num = 0;
for (Student student : students) {
num += student.getCnt();
}
return num;
}
public Student findStudentByName(String n) {
int size = students.size();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
if (students.get(i).getName().equals(n)) {
return students.get(i);
}
}
return null;
}
public int getAverageScore() { // 计算班级平均分
int totalScore = 0;
int cnt = 0;
for (Student student : students) {
cnt += student.getCnt();
totalScore += student.getTotalScore();
}
return totalScore / cnt;
}
public void showStudents() {
Collections.sort(students);
for (Student s : students) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(s.getId()).append(" ").append(s.getName());
if (s.getCnt() == 0) {
sb.append(" did not take any exams");
} else {
sb.append(" ").append(s.getAverageScore());
}
System.out.println(sb);
}
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Class_ o) {
return this.getClassId().compareToIgnoreCase(o.getClassId());
}
}
class Student implements Comparable<Student> {
private String id;
private String name;
private int totalScore;
private int cnt;
public Student() {
}
public Student(String id, String name, int totalScore, int cnt) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.totalScore = totalScore;
this.cnt = cnt;
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getTotalScore() {
return totalScore;
}
public void setTotalScore(int totalScore) {
this.totalScore = totalScore;
}
public int getCnt() {
return cnt;
}
public void setCnt(int cnt) {
this.cnt = cnt;
}
public void addTotalScore(int score) {
cnt++;
totalScore += score;
}
public int getAverageScore() {
return totalScore / cnt;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Student o) {
return this.getId().compareToIgnoreCase(o.getId());
}
}
class Curriculum {
private ArrayList<Course> courses = new ArrayList<>();
public Curriculum() {
}
public void addCourse(Course course) {
courses.add(course);
}
public Course findCourseByName(String name) {
if (courses.isEmpty()) {
return null;
}
for (Course course : courses) {
if (course.getName().equals(name)) {
return course;
}
}
return null;
}
public ArrayList<Course> getCourses() {
Collections.sort(courses);
return courses;
}
}
class Course implements Comparable<Course> {
private String name;
private String description;
private String examType;
public Course() {
}
public Course(String name, String description, String examType) {
this.name = name;
this.description = description;
this.examType = examType;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getDescription() {
return description;
}
public void setDescription(String description) {
this.description = description;
}
public String getExamType() {
return examType;
}
public void setExamType(String type) {
this.examType = type;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Course o) {
Collator instance = Collator.getInstance(Locale.CHINA);
return instance.compare(this.name, o.getName());
}
}
abstract class Score {
private int grade;
public Score() {
}
public Score(int grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
public int getGrade() {
return grade;
}
public void setGrade(int score) {
this.grade = score;
}
abstract public int getFinalScore();
}
class ExamScore extends Score {
private int performance;
public ExamScore() {
super();
}
public ExamScore(int performance, int grade) {
super(grade);
this.performance = performance;
}
public int getPerformance() {
return performance;
}
public void setPerformance(int performance) {
this.performance = performance;
}
@Override
public int getFinalScore() {
return (int) (this.performance * 0.3 + this.getGrade() * 0.7);
}
}
class TestScore extends Score {
public TestScore() {
}
public TestScore(int grade) {
super(grade);
}
@Override
public int getFinalScore() {
return this.getGrade();
}
}
class TheSystem {
private ArrayList<SelectCourse> selectCourses = new ArrayList<>();
public TheSystem() {
}
public void addSelectCourse(SelectCourse s) {
this.selectCourses.add(s);
}
public boolean hasSame(String id, String stu, String cou) {
if (selectCourses.isEmpty()) {
return false;
}
for (SelectCourse s : selectCourses) {
if (s.getStudent().getId().equals(id)
&& s.getStudent().getName().equals(stu)
&& s.getCourse().getName().equals(cou)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public void showCourses(Curriculum cur) {
ArrayList<Course> courses = cur.getCourses();
for (Course course : courses) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(course.getName()).append(" ");
int per = 0;
int grade = 0;
int fin = 0;
int cnt = 0;
boolean hasPer = false;
for (SelectCourse selectCourse : selectCourses) {
if (selectCourse.getCourse().equals(course)) {
cnt++;
grade += selectCourse.getScore().getGrade();
fin += selectCourse.getScore().getFinalScore();
if (selectCourse.getScore() instanceof ExamScore) {
ExamScore children = (ExamScore) selectCourse.getScore();
per += children.getPerformance();
hasPer = true;
}
}
}
if (cnt == 0) {
sb.append("has no grades yet");
} else {
if (hasPer) {
sb.append(per / cnt).append(" ").append(grade / cnt).append(" ").append(fin / cnt);
} else {
sb.append(grade / cnt).append(" ").append(fin / cnt);
}
}
System.out.println(sb);
}
}
}
class SelectCourse implements Comparable<SelectCourse> {
private Course course;
private Score score;
private Student student;
public SelectCourse() {
}
public SelectCourse(Course course, Score score, Student student) {
this.course = course;
this.score = score;
this.student = student;
}
public Course getCourse() {
return course;
}
public void setCourse(Course course) {
this.course = course;
}
public Score getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(Score score) {
this.score = score;
}
public Student getStudent() {
return student;
}
public void setStudent(Student student) {
this.student = student;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(SelectCourse o) {
return this.getStudent().getId().compareTo(o.getStudent().getId());
}
}
OOP训练集10 7-3 课程成绩统计程序-2
类图如下：
设计分析与心得：
由于上一次程序写的比较多，而且新添加的内容也不多，这次很顺利。
在Main类中多加了一条if else语句判断实验。
新添加一个ExperimentalScore类储存实验各次成绩，并能计算实验平均成绩。
然后在输出成绩信息时，多加一个实验类型成绩输出。
就做完了。
源码如下：
import java.text.Collator;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
School school = new School();
Curriculum curr = new Curriculum();
TheSystem theSystem = new TheSystem();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
String str = scanner.nextLine();
if (str.equals("end")) {
break;
}
String[] splitStr = str.split(" ");
if (str.matches("[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z]{1,10}\\s(选修|必修|实验)\\s(考试|考察|实验)")) {
String couName = splitStr[0];
String des = splitStr[1];
String type = splitStr[2];
if (des.equals("必修") && type.equals("考试")) {
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName) == null) {
curr.addCourse(new Course(couName, des, type));
}
} else if (des.equals("实验") && type.equals("实验")) {
curr.addCourse(new Course(couName, "实验", "实验"));
} else if (des.equals("选修") && !type.equals("实验")) {
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName) == null) {
curr.addCourse(new Course(couName, des, type));
}
} else {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(couName).append(" : course type & access mode mismatch");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else if (str.matches("[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z]{1,10}\\s(选修|必修)")) {
String couName = splitStr[0];
String des = splitStr[1];
if (des.equals("必修")) {
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName) == null) {
curr.addCourse(new Course(couName, des, "考试"));
}
} else { // 选修课无考核方式
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(couName).append(" : course type & access mode mismatch");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else if (str.matches(
"[1-9][0-9]{7}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z]{1,10}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z]{1,10}\\s([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|100)\\s([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|100)")) { // 考试
String stuId = splitStr[0];
String claId = splitStr[0].substring(0, 6);
String stuName = splitStr[1];
String couName = splitStr[2];
int grade = 0;
int performance = 0;
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName) != null) {
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName).getExamType().equals("考试")) {
grade = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[4]);
performance = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[3]);
} else {
grade--;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(stuId).append(" ").append(stuName).append(" ")
.append(": access mode mismatch");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else {
grade--;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(couName).append(" does not exist");
System.out.println(sb);
}
if (school.findClass_ByID(claId) == null) {
school.addClass(new Class_(claId));
}
if (school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName) == null) {
school.findClass_ByID(claId)
.addStudent(new Student(stuId, stuName, 0, 0));
}
if (theSystem.hasSame(stuId, stuName, couName) == null && grade >= 0) {
school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName)
.addTotalScore((int) (performance * 0.3 + grade * 0.7));
theSystem.addSelectCourse(
new SelectCourse(curr.findCourseByName(couName),
new ExamScore(performance, grade),
school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName)));
}
} else if (str.matches(
"[1-9][0-9]{7}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z]{1,10}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z]{1,10}\\s([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|100)")) { // 考察
String stuId = splitStr[0];
String claId = splitStr[0].substring(0, 6);
String stuName = splitStr[1];
String couName = splitStr[2];
int grade = 0;
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName) != null) {
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName).getExamType().equals("考察")) {
grade = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[3]);
} else {
grade--;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(stuId).append(" ").append(stuName).append(" ")
.append(": access mode mismatch");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else {
grade--;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(couName).append(" does not exist");
System.out.println(sb);
}
if (school.findClass_ByID(claId) == null) {
school.addClass(new Class_(claId));
}
if (school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName) == null) {
school.findClass_ByID(claId)
.addStudent(new Student(stuId, stuName, 0, 0));
}
if (theSystem.hasSame(stuId, stuName, couName) == null && grade >= 0) {
school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName)
.addTotalScore(grade);
theSystem.addSelectCourse(
new SelectCourse(curr.findCourseByName(couName),
new TestScore(grade),
school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName)));
}
} else if (str.matches(
"[1-9][0-9]{7}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z]{1,10}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z]{1,10}\\s[0-9]+(\\s[0-9]+)+")) { // 实验
String stuId = splitStr[0];
String claId = splitStr[0].substring(0, 6);
String stuName = splitStr[1];
String couName = splitStr[2];
int num = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[3]);
int cnt = 0;
boolean hasWrong = false;
boolean courseExists = false;
for (int i = 4; i < splitStr.length; i++) {
int grade = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[i]);
if (grade >= 0 && grade <= 100) {
cnt++;
} else {
hasWrong = true;
}
}
if (curr.findCourseByName(couName) != null) {
courseExists = true;
} else {
if (!hasWrong) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(couName).append(" does not exist");
System.out.println(sb);
}
}
if (!hasWrong && num >= 4 && num <= 9) {
if (school.findClass_ByID(claId) == null) {
school.addClass(new Class_(claId));
}
if (school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName) == null) {
school.findClass_ByID(claId)
.addStudent(new Student(stuId, stuName, 0, 0));
}
if (cnt == num) {
if (courseExists) {
for (int i = 4; i < splitStr.length; i++) {
int grade = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[i]);
if (theSystem.hasSame(stuId, stuName, couName) == null) {
theSystem.addSelectCourse(
new SelectCourse(curr.findCourseByName(couName),
new ExperimentalScore(0),
school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName)));
}
if (theSystem.hasSame(stuId, stuName, couName)
.getScore() instanceof ExperimentalScore) {
ExperimentalScore children = (ExperimentalScore) theSystem
.hasSame(stuId, stuName, couName)
.getScore();
children.addScore(grade);
school.findClass_ByID(claId).findStudentByName(stuName)
.addTotalScore(grade);
}
}
}
} else {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(stuId).append(" ").append(stuName).append(" ")
.append(": access mode mismatch");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else {
if (num < 4) {
System.out.println("wrong format");
}
for (int i = 4; i < splitStr.length; i++) {
int grade = Integer.parseInt(splitStr[i]);
if (grade < 0 || grade > 100) {
System.out.println("wrong format");
}
}
}
} else {
System.out.println("wrong format");
}
}
scanner.close();
school.showStudents();
theSystem.showCourses(curr);
school.showClass_es();
}
}
class School {
private ArrayList<Class_> class_es = new ArrayList<>();
public School() {
}
public void addClass(Class_ class_) {
this.class_es.add(class_);
}
public Class_ findClass_ByID(String classId) {
if (class_es.size() == 0) {
return null;
}
for (Class_ class_ : class_es) {
if (class_.getClassId().equals(classId)) {
return class_;
}
}
return null;
}
public void showClass_es() {
Collections.sort(class_es);
for (Class_ c : class_es) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(c.getClassId());
if (c.getNum() == 0) {
sb.append(" has no grades yet");
} else {
sb.append(" ").append(c.getAverageScore());
}
System.out.println(sb);
}
}
public void showStudents() {
Collections.sort(class_es);
for (Class_ class_ : class_es) {
class_.showStudents();
}
}
}
class Class_ implements Comparable<Class_> {
private ArrayList<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();
private String classId;
public Class_() {
}
public Class_(String classId) {
this.classId = classId;
}
public String getClassId() {
return classId;
}
public void setClass(String classId) {
this.classId = classId;
}
public void addStudent(Student student) {
this.students.add(student);
}
public int getNum() {
int num = 0;
for (Student student : students) {
num += student.getCnt();
}
return num;
}
public Student findStudentByName(String s) {
if (students.size() == 0) {
return null;
}
for (Student student : students) {
if (student.getName().equals(s)) {
return student;
}
}
return null;
}
public int getAverageScore() { // 计算班级平均分
int totalScore = 0;
int cnt = 0;
for (Student student : students) {
if (student.getCnt() != 0) {
cnt++;
totalScore += student.getAverageScore();
}
}
return totalScore / cnt;
}
public void showStudents() {
Collections.sort(students);
for (Student s : students) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(s.getId()).append(" ").append(s.getName());
if (s.getCnt() == 0) {
sb.append(" did not take any exams");
} else {
sb.append(" ").append(s.getAverageScore());
}
System.out.println(sb);
}
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Class_ o) {
return this.getClassId().compareToIgnoreCase(o.getClassId());
}
}
class Student implements Comparable<Student> {
private String id;
private String name;
private int totalScore;
private int cnt;
public Student() {
}
public Student(String id, String name, int totalScore, int cnt) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.totalScore = totalScore;
this.cnt = cnt;
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getTotalScore() {
return totalScore;
}
public void setTotalScore(int totalScore) {
this.totalScore = totalScore;
}
public int getCnt() {
return cnt;
}
public void setCnt(int cnt) {
this.cnt = cnt;
}
public void addTotalScore(int score) {
cnt++;
totalScore += score;
}
public int getAverageScore() {
return totalScore / cnt;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Student o) {
return this.getId().compareToIgnoreCase(o.getId());
}
}
class Curriculum {
private ArrayList<Course> courses = new ArrayList<>();
public Curriculum() {
}
public void addCourse(Course course) {
courses.add(course);
}
public Course findCourseByName(String name) {
if (courses.isEmpty()) {
return null;
}
for (Course course : courses) {
if (course.getName().equals(name)) {
return course;
}
}
return null;
}
public ArrayList<Course> getCourses() {
Collections.sort(courses);
return courses;
}
}
class Course implements Comparable<Course> {
private String name;
private String description;
private String examType;
public Course() {
}
public Course(String name, String description, String examType) {
this.name = name;
this.description = description;
this.examType = examType;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getDescription() {
return description;
}
public void setDescription(String description) {
this.description = description;
}
public String getExamType() {
return examType;
}
public void setExamType(String type) {
this.examType = type;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Course o) {
Collator instance = Collator.getInstance(Locale.CHINA);
return instance.compare(this.name, o.getName());
}
}
abstract class Score {
private int grade;
public Score() {
}
public Score(int grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
public int getGrade() {
return grade;
}
public void setGrade(int score) {
this.grade = score;
}
abstract public int getFinalScore();
}
class ExamScore extends Score {
private int performance;
public ExamScore() {
super();
}
public ExamScore(int performance, int grade) {
super(grade);
this.performance = performance;
}
public int getPerformance() {
return performance;
}
public void setPerformance(int performance) {
this.performance = performance;
}
@Override
public int getFinalScore() {
return (int) (this.performance * 0.3 + this.getGrade() * 0.7);
}
}
class TestScore extends Score {
public TestScore() {
super();
}
public TestScore(int grade) {
super(grade);
}
@Override
public int getFinalScore() {
return this.getGrade();
}
}
class ExperimentalScore extends Score {
ArrayList<Integer> scores = new ArrayList<Integer>();
public ExperimentalScore() {
super();
}
public ExperimentalScore(int grade) {
super(grade);
}
public void addScore(int s) {
scores.add(s);
this.setGrade(this.getGrade() + s);
}
public int getSize() {
return scores.size();
}
@Override
public int getFinalScore() {
return (int) (this.getGrade() / scores.size());
}
}
class TheSystem {
private HashSet<SelectCourse> selectCourses = new HashSet<>();
public TheSystem() {
}
public void addSelectCourse(SelectCourse s) {
this.selectCourses.add(s);
}
public SelectCourse hasSame(String id, String stu, String cou) {
if (selectCourses.isEmpty()) {
return null;
}
for (SelectCourse s : selectCourses) {
if (s.getStudent().getId().equals(id)
&& s.getStudent().getName().equals(stu)
&& s.getCourse().getName().equals(cou)) {
return s;
}
}
return null;
}
public void showCourses(Curriculum cur) {
ArrayList<Course> courses = cur.getCourses();
for (Course course : courses) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(course.getName()).append(" ");
int per = 0;
int grade = 0;
int fin = 0;
int cnt = 0;
boolean hasPer = false;
boolean hasGrade = false;
for (SelectCourse selectCourse : selectCourses) {
if (selectCourse.getCourse().equals(course)) {
cnt++;
if (selectCourse.getScore() instanceof TestScore
|| selectCourse.getScore() instanceof ExamScore) {
grade += selectCourse.getScore().getGrade();
hasGrade = true;
}
fin += selectCourse.getScore().getFinalScore();
if (selectCourse.getScore() instanceof ExamScore) {
ExamScore children = (ExamScore) selectCourse.getScore();
per += children.getPerformance();
hasPer = true;
}
}
}
if (cnt == 0) {
sb.append("has no grades yet");
} else {
if (hasPer) {
sb.append(per / cnt).append(" ").append(grade / cnt).append(" ").append(fin / cnt);
} else if (hasGrade) {
sb.append(grade / cnt).append(" ").append(fin / cnt);
} else {
sb.append(fin / cnt);
}
}
System.out.println(sb);
}
}
}
class SelectCourse implements Comparable<SelectCourse> {
private Course course;
private Score score;
private Student student;
public SelectCourse() {
}
public SelectCourse(Course course, Score score, Student student) {
this.course = course;
this.score = score;
this.student = student;
}
public Course getCourse() {
return course;
}
public void setCourse(Course course) {
this.course = course;
}
public Score getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(Score score) {
this.score = score;
}
public Student getStudent() {
return student;
}
public void setStudent(Student student) {
this.student = student;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(SelectCourse o) {
return this.getStudent().getId().compareTo(o.getStudent().getId());
}
}
OOP训练集11 7-2 课程成绩统计程序-3
类图如下：
设计分析与心得：
与课程成绩统计程序-2相比，修改了计算总成绩的方式，但是这一改，就出现了一个难以寻找的问题
我想应该就是成绩计算出现的问题，不同方式的计算，再加上编译器的特性，会出现不同的误差。
源码如下：
import java.text.Collator;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
Curriculum curriculum = new Curriculum();
TheSystem theSystem = new TheSystem();
School school = new School();
while (true) {
String input = scanner.nextLine();
if (input.equals("end")) {
break;
}
String[] tokens = input.split("\\s+");
if (input.matches("[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}\\s(必修|选修|实验).*?")) { // 课程信息
String courseName = tokens[0];
String description = tokens[1];
String type = tokens[2];
if (description.equals("必修") && type.equals("考试")) { // 考试
if (tokens.length == 5 && tokens[3].matches("^(-?\\d+)(.\\d+|\\d+)?$")
&& tokens[4].matches("^(-?\\d+)(.\\d+|\\d+)?$")) { // 权重值为实数
float weight1 = Float.parseFloat(tokens[3]);
float weight2 = Float.parseFloat(tokens[4]);
if (weight1 + weight2 > 0.99 && weight1 + weight2 < 1.01) { // 权重和为1
if (curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName) == null) {
curriculum.addCourse(new Course(courseName, description, type));
curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName).addWeight(weight1);
curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName).addWeight(weight2);
}
} else {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(courseName).append(" : weight value error");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else {
System.out.println("wrong format");
}
} else if (description.equals("选修") && type.matches("考试|考察")) { // 选修
if (type.equals("考试")) {
if (tokens.length == 5 && tokens[3].matches("^(-?\\d+)(\\.\\d+|\\d+)?$")
&& tokens[4].matches("^(-?\\d+)(\\.\\d+|\\d+)?$")) { // 权重值为实数
float weight1 = Float.parseFloat(tokens[3]);
float weight2 = Float.parseFloat(tokens[4]);
if (weight1 + weight2 > 0.99 && weight1 + weight2 < 1.01) { // 权重和为1
if (curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName) == null) {
curriculum.addCourse(new Course(courseName, description, type));
curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName).addWeight(weight1);
curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName).addWeight(weight2);
}
} else {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(courseName).append(" : weight value error");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else {
System.out.println("wrong format");
}
} else if (type.equals("考察")) {
if (curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName) == null) {
curriculum.addCourse(new Course(courseName, description, type));
}
}
} else if (description.equals("实验") && type.equals("实验")) { // 实验
if (tokens[3].matches("[4-9]")) {
boolean flag = true;
float weightSum = 0;
int length = tokens.length;
if (length - 4 == Integer.parseInt(tokens[3])) { // 数量==个数
for (int i = 4; i < length; i++) {
if (tokens[i].matches("^(-?\\d+)(.\\d+|\\d+)?$")) { // 权重值是实数
weightSum += Float.parseFloat(tokens[i]);
} else {
flag = false;
break;
}
}
if (flag) {
if (weightSum > 0.99 && weightSum < 1.01) { // 权重和为1
if (curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName) == null) {
curriculum.addCourse(new Course(courseName, description, type));
for (int i = 4; i < length; i++) {
curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName)
.addWeight(Float.parseFloat(tokens[i]));
}
}
} else {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(courseName).append(" : weight value error");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else {
System.out.println("wrong format");
}
} else {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(courseName).append(" : number of scores does not match");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else {
System.out.println("wrong format");
}
} else {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(courseName).append(" : course type & access mode mismatch");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else if (input
.matches(
"[1-9][0-9]{7}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}.*?")) { // 成绩信息
String studentId = tokens[0];
String classId = studentId.substring(0, 6);
String studentName = tokens[1];
String courseName = tokens[2];
if (input.matches(
"[1-9][0-9]{7}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}\\s([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|100)\\s([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|100)")) { // 考试
int grade = 0;
int performance = 0;
if (school.findClass_ByID(classId) == null) {
school.addClass(new Class_(classId));
}
if (school.findClass_ByID(classId).findStudentByName(studentName) == null) {
school.findClass_ByID(classId)
.addStudent(new Student(studentId, studentName, 0, 0));
}
if (curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName) != null) {
if (curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName).getExamType().equals("考试")) {
grade = Integer.parseInt(tokens[4]);
performance = Integer.parseInt(tokens[3]);
} else {
grade--;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(studentId).append(" ").append(studentName).append(" ")
.append(": access mode mismatch");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else {
grade--;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(courseName).append(" does not exist");
System.out.println(sb);
}
if (theSystem.hasSame(studentId, studentName, courseName) == null && grade >= 0) {
ArrayList<Float> d = curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName).getWeight();
school.findClass_ByID(classId).findStudentByName(studentName)
.addTotalScore((int) (performance * d.get(0) + grade * d.get(1)));
theSystem.addSelectCourse(
new SelectCourse(curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName),
new ExamScore((int) (performance * d.get(0) + grade * d.get(1))),
school.findClass_ByID(classId).findStudentByName(studentName)));
}
} else if (input.matches(
"[1-9][0-9]{7}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}\\s([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|100)")) { // 考察
int grade = 0;
if (school.findClass_ByID(classId) == null) {
school.addClass(new Class_(classId));
}
if (school.findClass_ByID(classId).findStudentByName(studentName) == null) {
school.findClass_ByID(classId)
.addStudent(new Student(studentId, studentName, 0, 0));
}
if (curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName) != null) {
if (curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName).getExamType().equals("考察")) {
grade = Integer.parseInt(tokens[3]);
} else {
grade--;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(studentId).append(" ").append(studentName).append(" ")
.append(": access mode mismatch");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else {
grade--;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(courseName).append(" does not exist");
System.out.println(sb);
}
if (theSystem.hasSame(studentId, studentName, courseName) == null && grade >= 0) {
school.findClass_ByID(classId).findStudentByName(studentName)
.addTotalScore(grade);
theSystem.addSelectCourse(
new SelectCourse(curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName),
new TestScore(grade),
school.findClass_ByID(classId).findStudentByName(studentName)));
}
} else if (input.matches(
"[1-9][0-9]{7}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}\\s[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5a-zA-Z0-9]{1,10}(\\s[0-9]+)+")) { // 实验
int cnt = 0;
boolean hasWrong = false;
float grade = 0;
if (school.findClass_ByID(classId) == null) {
school.addClass(new Class_(classId));
}
if (school.findClass_ByID(classId).findStudentByName(studentName) == null) {
school.findClass_ByID(classId)
.addStudent(new Student(studentId, studentName, 0, 0));
}
for (int i = 3; i < tokens.length; i++) {
if (Integer.parseInt(tokens[i]) >= 0 && Integer.parseInt(tokens[i]) <= 100) {
cnt++;
} else {
hasWrong = true;
}
}
if (!hasWrong && cnt >= 4 && cnt <= 9) {
if (curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName) != null) {
if (cnt == curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName).getCnt()) {
for (int i = 3; i < tokens.length; i++) {
grade += Integer.parseInt(tokens[i])
* curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName).getWeight().get(i - 3);
}
if (theSystem.hasSame(studentId, studentName, courseName) == null) {
school.findClass_ByID(classId).findStudentByName(studentName)
.addTotalScore((int) grade);
theSystem.addSelectCourse(
new SelectCourse(curriculum.findCourseByName(courseName),
new ExperimentScore((int) grade),
school.findClass_ByID(classId).findStudentByName(studentName)));
}
} else {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(studentId).append(" ").append(studentName).append(" ")
.append(": access mode mismatch");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(courseName).append(" does not exist");
System.out.println(sb);
}
} else {
for (int i = 4; i < tokens.length; i++) {
if (Integer.parseInt(tokens[i]) < 0 || Integer.parseInt(tokens[i]) > 100) {
System.out.println("wrong format");
}
}
}
}
} else {
System.out.println("wrong format");
}
}
scanner.close();
school.showStudents();
theSystem.showCourses(curriculum);
school.showClass_es();
}
}
class School {
private ArrayList<Class_> class_es = new ArrayList<>();
public School() {
}
public void addClass(Class_ class_) {
this.class_es.add(class_);
}
public Class_ findClass_ByID(String classId) {
if (class_es.size() == 0) {
return null;
}
for (Class_ class_ : class_es) {
if (class_.getClassId().equals(classId)) {
return class_;
}
}
return null;
}
public void showClass_es() {
Collections.sort(class_es);
for (Class_ c : class_es) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(c.getClassId());
if (c.getNum() == 0) {
sb.append(" has no grades yet");
} else {
sb.append(" ").append(c.getAverageScore());
}
System.out.println(sb);
}
}
public void showStudents() {
Collections.sort(class_es);
for (Class_ class_ : class_es) {
class_.showStudents();
}
}
}
class Class_ implements Comparable<Class_> {
private ArrayList<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();
private String classId;
public Class_() {
}
public Class_(String classId) {
this.classId = classId;
}
public String getClassId() {
return classId;
}
public void setClass(String classId) {
this.classId = classId;
}
public void addStudent(Student student) {
this.students.add(student);
}
public int getNum() {
int num = 0;
for (Student student : students) {
num += student.getCnt();
}
return num;
}
public Student findStudentByName(String s) {
if (students.size() == 0) {
return null;
}
for (Student student : students) {
if (student.getName().equals(s)) {
return student;
}
}
return null;
}
public int getAverageScore() { // 计算班级平均分
int totalScore = 0;
int cnt = 0;
for (Student student : students) {
if (student.getCnt() != 0) {
cnt += student.getCnt();
totalScore += student.getTotalScore();
}
}
return totalScore / cnt;
}
public void showStudents() {
Collections.sort(students);
for (Student s : students) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(s.getId()).append(" ").append(s.getName());
if (s.getCnt() == 0) {
sb.append(" did not take any exams");
} else {
sb.append(" ").append(s.getAverageScore());
}
System.out.println(sb);
}
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Class_ o) {
return this.getClassId().compareToIgnoreCase(o.getClassId());
}
}
class Student implements Comparable<Student> {
private String id;
private String name;
private int totalScore;
private int cnt;
public Student() {
}
public Student(String id, String name, int totalScore, int cnt) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.totalScore = totalScore;
this.cnt = cnt;
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getTotalScore() {
return totalScore;
}
public void setTotalScore(int totalScore) {
this.totalScore = totalScore;
}
public int getCnt() {
return cnt;
}
public void setCnt(int cnt) {
this.cnt = cnt;
}
public void addTotalScore(int score) {
cnt++;
totalScore += score;
}
public int getAverageScore() {
return totalScore / cnt;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Student o) {
return this.getId().compareToIgnoreCase(o.getId());
}
}
class Curriculum {
private ArrayList<Course> courses = new ArrayList<>();
public Curriculum() {
}
public void addCourse(Course course) {
courses.add(course);
}
public Course findCourseByName(String name) {
if (courses.isEmpty()) {
return null;
}
for (Course course : courses) {
if (course.getName().equals(name)) {
return course;
}
}
return null;
}
public ArrayList<Course> getCourses() {
Collections.sort(courses);
return courses;
}
}
class Course implements Comparable<Course> {
private String name;
private String description;
private String examType;
private ArrayList<Float> weight = new ArrayList<>();
public Course() {
}
public Course(String name, String description, String examType) {
this.name = name;
this.description = description;
this.examType = examType;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getDescription() {
return description;
}
public void setDescription(String description) {
this.description = description;
}
public String getExamType() {
return examType;
}
public void setExamType(String type) {
this.examType = type;
}
public ArrayList<Float> getWeight() {
return weight;
}
public void addWeight(float weight) {
this.weight.add(weight);
}
public int getCnt() {
return this.weight.size();
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Course o) {
Collator instance = Collator.getInstance(Locale.CHINA);
return instance.compare(this.name, o.getName());
}
}
abstract class Score {
private int grade;
public Score() {
}
public Score(int grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
public int getGrade() {
return grade;
}
public void setGrade(int score) {
this.grade = score;
}
}
class ExamScore extends Score {
public ExamScore() {
super();
}
public ExamScore(int grade) {
super(grade);
}
}
class TestScore extends Score {
public TestScore() {
super();
}
public TestScore(int grade) {
super(grade);
}
}
class ExperimentScore extends Score {
public ExperimentScore() {
super();
}
public ExperimentScore(int grade) {
super(grade);
}
}
class TheSystem {
private HashSet<SelectCourse> selectCourses = new HashSet<>();
public TheSystem() {
}
public void addSelectCourse(SelectCourse s) {
this.selectCourses.add(s);
}
public SelectCourse hasSame(String id, String stu, String cou) {
if (selectCourses.isEmpty()) {
return null;
}
for (SelectCourse s : selectCourses) {
if (s.getStudent().getId().equals(id)
&& s.getStudent().getName().equals(stu)
&& s.getCourse().getName().equals(cou)) {
return s;
}
}
return null;
}
public void showCourses(Curriculum curr) {
ArrayList<Course> courses = curr.getCourses();
for (Course course : courses) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(course.getName()).append(" ");
int grade = 0;
int cnt = 0;
for (SelectCourse selectCourse : selectCourses) {
if (selectCourse.getCourse().equals(course)) {
cnt++;
grade += selectCourse.getScore().getGrade();
}
}
if (cnt == 0) {
sb.append("has no grades yet");
} else {
sb.append(grade / cnt);
}
System.out.println(sb);
}
}
}
class SelectCourse implements Comparable<SelectCourse> {
private Course course;
private Score score;
private Student student;
public SelectCourse() {
}
public SelectCourse(Course course, Score score, Student student) {
this.course = course;
this.score = score;
this.student = student;
}
public Course getCourse() {
return course;
}
public void setCourse(Course course) {
this.course = course;
}
public Score getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(Score score) {
this.score = score;
}
public Student getStudent() {
return student;
}
public void setStudent(Student student) {
this.student = student;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(SelectCourse o) {
return this.getStudent().getId().compareTo(o.getStudent().getId());
}
}
继承和组合关系的区别
- 继承：父类的内部细节对子类可见，其代码属于白盒式的复用，继承在编码过程中就要指定具体的父类，其关系在编译期就确定，继承强调的是is-a的关。
- 组合：对象之间的内部细节不可见，其代码属于黑盒式复用，组合的关系一般在运行时确定，组合强调的是has-a的关系。
思考一下哪一种关系运用上更灵活，更能够适应变更
我认为组合关系在运用上更灵活，更能适应变更。
在考试、考察、实验这三种考试性质中，计算期末总成绩的方式各不相同。其中考试的总成绩由平时成绩、期末成绩分别乘以权重值得出，考察的总成绩直接等于期末成绩，实验的总成绩等于课程每次实验成绩乘以权重后累加而得。
所以在计算期末总成绩时，getFinalScore()方法中的计算方式各不相同，而且考试成绩、考察成绩、实验成绩中所含有的属性也不一致。
因此我认为组合关系在运用上更灵活，更能适应变更。
踩坑心得
OOP训练集09 7-1 统计Java程序中关键词的出现次数
踩坑与心得：
一开始在去掉相应的注释中内容后，直接这样替换非字母的内容为空格，样例倒是能过，但是最后得到的结果却是这样的
之后根据他这上面写的测试样例描述，来替换内容
但是仍旧存在错误
最后在调试的过程中，发现仅通过一个空格将字符串分隔开，会出现空字符串的情况
之后将其改成
就通过了所有的测试
代码行数为54，成功达到一档
源码如下：
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] splitStr = input();
output(splitStr);
}
private static String[] input() {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
boolean hasInput = false;
while (true) {
String s = scanner.nextLine();
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("exit"))
break;
sb.append(s.replaceAll("//(.*)", "").replaceAll("\"(.*?)\"", " ")).append(" "); // //注释 "字符串"
hasInput = true;
}
scanner.close();
hasInput(hasInput);
String str = sb.toString();
str = str.replaceAll("/\\*(.*?)\\*/", " ").replaceAll("/\\*\\*(.*?)\\*/", " ")
.replaceAll("\\s+|\\(|\\)|\\{|}|\\.|;|,|\\[|\\]", " ");
return str.split("\\s+");
}
private static void output(String[] splitStr) {
Set<String> words = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(new String[] { "new", "assert", "boolean", "break", "byte",
"case", "catch", "char", "class", "const", "continue", "default", "do", "double", "else", "enum",
"extends", "final", "finally", "float", "for", "goto", "if", "implements", "import", "instanceof",
"int", "interface", "long", "native", "abstract", "null", "package", "private", "protected", "public",
"return", "strictfp", "short", "static", "super", "switch", "synchronized", "this", "throw", "throws",
"transient", "try", "void", "volatile", "while", "true", "false" }));
TreeMap<String, Integer> keyWords = new TreeMap<String, Integer>();
for (String s : splitStr) // 判断关键字并保存出现次数
if (keyWords.containsKey(s))
keyWords.put(s, keyWords.get(s) + 1);
else if (words.contains(s))
keyWords.put(s, 1);
Set<Entry<String, Integer>> entries = keyWords.entrySet();
entries.forEach(e -> System.out.println(e.getValue() + "\t" + e.getKey()));
}
private static void hasInput(boolean hasInput) {
if (!hasInput) {
System.out.println("Wrong Format");
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
其实在最短的时候，代码长度是33行，只是程序没有模块化，可读性差
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Set<String> words = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(new String[] { "new", "assert", "boolean", "break", "byte", "case", "catch", "char", "class", "const", "continue", "default", "do", "double", "else", "enum", "extends", "final", "finally", "float", "for", "goto", "if", "implements", "import", "instanceof", "int", "interface", "long", "native", "abstract", "null", "package", "private", "protected", "public", "return", "strictfp", "short", "static", "super", "switch", "synchronized", "this", "throw", "throws", "transient", "try", "void", "volatile", "while", "true", "false" }));
TreeMap<String, Integer> keyWords = new TreeMap<String, Integer>();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
boolean hasInput = false;
while (true) {
String s = scanner.nextLine();
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("exit"))
break;
sb.append(s.replaceAll("//(.*)", "").replaceAll("\"(.*?)\"", " ")).append(" "); // //注释 "字符串"
hasInput = true;
}
scanner.close();
if (!hasInput) {
System.out.println("Wrong Format");
System.exit(0);
}
String str = sb.toString();
str = str.replaceAll("/\\*(.*?)\\*/", " ").replaceAll("/\\*\\*(.*?)\\*/", " ").replaceAll("\\s+|\\(|\\)|\\{|}|\\.|;|,|\\[|\\]", " ");
String[] splitStr = str.split("\\s+");
for (String s : splitStr) // 判断关键字并保存出现次数
if (keyWords.containsKey(s))
keyWords.put(s, keyWords.get(s) + 1);
else if (words.contains(s))
keyWords.put(s, 1);
Set<Entry<String, Integer>> entries = keyWords.entrySet();
entries.forEach(e -> System.out.println(e.getValue() + "\t" + e.getKey()));
}
}
改进建议
- 在进行代码复用时，考虑使用继承还是组合关系，如果类之间的继承结构稳定（不会轻易改变），继承层次比较浅（比如，最多有两层继承关系），继承关系不复杂，就可以考虑使用继承。反之，系统越不稳定，继承层次很深，继承关系复杂，就尽量使用组合来替代继承。
- 写程序时要模块化，比如在OOP训练集09 7-1 统计Java程序中关键词的出现次数中，33行没有模块化的代码，相较于54行模块化后的代码，可读性确实较差。
- 需要学习在Java中数学运算时，不同计算方式对程序产生的误差，学习用何种方式做数学运算产生的误差更小，结果更接近实际。
总结
- 总的来说，本阶段学到了Hashset、HashMap、TreeMap的使用方法，以及HashMap的排序，也学到了一些新的正则表达式的使用，对正则表达式的使用更加熟练。
- 关于建议：
- PTA到了截止时间后，可以给一些讲解，就比如OOP训练集11 7-2 课程成绩统计程序-3，case14这个测试点错误原因。
- Java学习初期，可以提前说跟同学说上课不讲Java语法，需要自学，不然在Java初期，学的手忙脚乱，毫无头绪，而且同时还需要学习设计原则，此时几乎没学明白，到了后面才慢慢适应过来。
- 后期让同学讲JavaFX十分缓慢，JavaFX比较简单，这段的学习可以稍快，而设计原则这类比较难的知识可以多些时间让同学学习、消化。