According to China's three line one permit measures, we believe that this has a certain reference value for water pollution issues in Africa.
The "three lines" refers to the ecological protection red line, the environmental quality bottom line, and the resource utilization line, among which the ecological protection red line is the spatial control line, and the environmental quality bottom line and the resource utilization line are the indicator control line. "One permit" refers to the list of ecological environment access.
The red line of ecological protection refers to the area with special important ecological functions that must be mandatory and strictly protected within the scope of ecological space, and is the bottom line and lifeline for safeguarding and maintaining national ecological security.
The bottom line of environmental quality refers to the determination of sub-regional and phased environmental quality objectives and corresponding environmental control and pollutant discharge control requirements in accordance with the principle of continuous optimization of water, air and soil environmental quality, combined with the current environmental quality situation and relevant planning and functional zoning requirements, considering the improvement potential of environmental quality.
The resource utilization line refers to the online control requirements for the total amount, intensity and efficiency of resource development and utilization in different regions and stages, which are proposed in accordance with the principle of "only adding value and not devaluing" of natural resource assets and for the purpose of ensuring ecological security and improving environmental quality.
The environmental access list refers to the control requirements of ecological protection red line, environmental quality bottom line, and resource utilization line based on the environmental control unit, and puts forward prohibited and restricted environmental access requirements from the aspects of spatial layout, pollutant emission control, environmental risk prevention and control, and resource development and utilization.
The current water pollution problem in Africa is becoming increasingly severe. Untreated sewage is directly discharged into rivers and lakes, resulting in water pollution, and ecological protection red lines should be adopted. The local environmental supervision bureau is required to enforce the purification of water sources before discharge, and the discharge is required to be legal and compliant to protect the safety of local drinking water sources.
The daily use of local groundwater resources and drinking water resources should not exceed the resource utilization limit, and water resources should not be used uncontrollably to irrigate farmland, which will cause farmland sewage to penetrate into groundwater and cause water pollution. Once the groundwater pollution exceeds the local water resources self-cleaning speed, it will accelerate and aggravate the local water resources pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate resource utilization limits according to local conditions and require compliance.
Based on these issues and combined with China's three line one license strategy, African governments can take action that The bottom line of environmental quality strictly controls the discharge of pollutants, which can have an obvious control effect on the discharge of agricultural sewage in Africa. Chemical agents involved in agricultural sewage can seriously pollute water resources. Control the discharge of sewage in different regions according to the status quo of environmental quality in different regions.
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