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Ubuntu22.04 安装 kvm

发布时间 2023-12-22 14:34:29作者: jiaxzeng

确认环境

egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo

输出结果需要大于0，否则主机需要开启cpu虚拟化功能。

设置桥接网卡

# 网卡配置示例
cat <<'EOF' | sudo tee /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml > /dev/null
# This is the network config written by 'subiquity'
network:
  ethernets:
    ens33:
      dhcp4: false
      dhcp6: false
  bridges:
    br0:
      interfaces: [ens33]
      dhcp4: false
      addresses:
      - 192.168.32.132/24
      routes:
      - to: default
        via: 192.168.32.2
      nameservers:
        addresses:
        - 114.114.114.114
        - 223.5.5.5
      parameters:
        stp: false
      dhcp6: false
  version: 2
EOF

# 重启网卡
sudo netplan apply

更新apt源

不同系统配置文件不一致

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup

$ cat <<'EOF' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list >> /dev/null 
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
EOF

sudo apt update

安装kvm包

sudo apt install qemu-kvm libvirt-daemon-system libvirt-clients virtinst -y

将用户添加到kvm和libvirt组

sudo usermod -aG kvm $USER
sudo usermod -aG libvirt $USER

启动和设置开机自启动

sudo systemctl enable --now libvirtd
sudo systemctl status libvirtd

创建虚拟硬盘

sudo qemu-img create -f qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/CentOS7.qcow2 64G

安装kvm虚拟机

sudo virt-install --virt-type kvm --name CentOS7 --vcpus 1 --ram 2048 --cdrom=/var/lib/libvirt/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1810.iso --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/CentOS7.qcow2 --network bridge=br0 --graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole

--cdrom 参数是指定ISO文件路径，请自行上传到主机目录上
--disk 参数是指定虚拟硬盘路径

说明：启动没有报错的话，主机上会生成 5900 端口(默认)，通过vpc客户端连接即可

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