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Apache HttpClient库来发送HTTP请求和接收响应

发布时间 2023-07-05 12:39:06作者: JAVA_织梦者_TW
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 要使用Apache HttpClient库来发送HTTP请求和接收响应，你需要按照以下步骤进行操作：

  1. 导入HttpClient库: 首先，在你的Java项目中添加Apache HttpClient库的依赖。如果你使用Maven作为项目构建工具，可以在pom.xml文件中添加以下依赖项：
<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.5.10</version>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>    
xml复制代码

<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> <version>4.5.13</version> </dependency> </dependencies>

  1. 创建HttpClient实例: 创建HttpClient对象以执行HTTP请求。
 
java复制代码

import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder; CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();

  1. 创建HTTP请求: 创建一个HttpUriRequest对象，以指定请求类型和URL。
 
java复制代码

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest; // GET请求示例 HttpUriRequest request = new HttpGet("http://example.com/api"); // POST请求示例 HttpUriRequest request = new HttpPost("http://example.com/api");

  1. 设置请求参数: 如果需要，你可以设置请求头、请求体或其他请求参数。
 
java复制代码

// 设置请求头信息 request.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"); // 设置请求体 String requestBody = "{ \"key\": \"value\" }"; ((HttpPost) request).setEntity(new StringEntity(requestBody));

  1. 发送请求并获取响应: 使用HttpClient对象发送请求，并获得服务器的响应。
 
java复制代码

import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler; import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse; import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicResponseHandler; CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request); // 使用BasicResponseHandler将响应内容转换为字符串 ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler(); String responseBody = responseHandler.handleResponse(response);

  1. 处理响应: 对获得的响应进行处理，包括获取状态码、响应头和

 

这是一个示例

 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
        // GET请求示例
        HttpUriRequest requestGET = new HttpGet("http://localhost:8082/base/personbychineseName?unitchineseName=第三舰队");
        System.out.println("requestGET = " + requestGET);
        // POST请求示例
       // HttpUriRequest requestPOST = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8082/base/listb");
        HttpUriRequest requestPOST = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8082/unit/queryunitbybase");
        // 设置请求头信息
        requestPOST.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");


        // 设置请求体
        //String requestBody = "{ \"chineseName\": \"横须贺港\" }";
         String requestBody = "{\"chineseName\":\"横须贺港\"}";
        //String requestBody = "{\"chName\":\"高雄海軍基地\",\"type\":\"海基\",\"country\":\"台湾\",\"catagory\":\"蓝方\"}";
        ((HttpPost) requestPOST).setEntity(new StringEntity(requestBody,"UTF-8"));
        System.out.println("requestPOST = " + requestPOST);

        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(requestPOST);
        //CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(requestGET);

      // 使用BasicResponseHandler将响应内容转换为字符串
        ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
        String responseBody = responseHandler.handleResponse(response);
        System.out.println("responseBody = " + responseBody);
    }

 

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