环境说明#
这里使用为 CentOS 7.6 版本进行测试验证，Zabbix Server 采用源码包部署，数据库采用 MySQL8.0 版本，zabbix-web 使用 nginx+php 来实现。具体信息如下：
| 软件名 | 版本 | 安装方式 |
|---|---|---|
| Zabbix Server | 6.0.3 | 源码安装 |
| Zabbix Agent | 6.0.3 | 源码安装 |
| MySQL | 8.0.28 | yum安装 |
| Nginx | 1.20.1 | yum安装 |
| Php | 7.4.29 | yum安装 |
官网参考文档：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/6.0/en/manual/installation/install
安装MySQL#
1、下载软件包
cat << EOF >download.sh
#!/bin/bash
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/mysql/downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-client-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/mysql/downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-devel-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/mysql/downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/mysql/downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-libs-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/mysql/downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/mysql/downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-server-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/mysql/downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-common-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/mysql/downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/mysql/downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
EOF
bash download.sh
2、安装
yum localinstall ./mysql-community-* -y
3、修改配置文件(更改数据存放路径)
mkdir /data/mysql -p
# grep -v -E '^#|^$' /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
port=3306
default-storage-engine=InnoDB
max_connections=1200
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
log_slave_updates=ON
log_bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=ROW
4、启动并加入开机自启
systemctl enable --now mysqld
5、修改密码
# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2022-04-13T07:31:54.168545Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: RP-u?qo.,4hD
# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
......
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY "Admin@zaq213";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
6、创建初始数据库及用户
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
mysql> create user 'zabbix'@'%' identified by 'Zabbix';
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'%' with grant option;
mysql> alter user 'zabbix'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'Zabbix';
mysql> select user,host,plugin from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| user | host | plugin |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| zabbix | % | mysql_native_password |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| root | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
安装Zabbix#
下载软件包：https://www.zabbix.com/cn/download_sources
1、解压软件包
tar -zxvf zabbix-6.0.3.tar.gz
2、创建 zabbix 用户
groupadd --system zabbix
useradd --system -g zabbix -d /usr/lib/zabbix -s /sbin/nologin -c "Zabbix Monitoring System" zabbix
3、初始化数据（进入解压目录下的 database 目录下）
cd zabbix-6.0.3/database/mysql
mysql -uzabbix -pZabbix zabbix < schema.sql
mysql -uzabbix -pZabbix zabbix < images.sql
mysql -uzabbix -pZabbix zabbix < data.sql
4、安装编译所需的依赖，这里根据启用的模块不一样，所需要的依赖也不一样
yum install gcc mysql-devel libevent-devel libcurl-devel libxml2-devel libssh2-devel OpenIPMI-devel net-snmp-devel go java-devel -y
5、进行编译安装，去到软件包解压目录zabbix-6.0.3中
cd zabbix-6.0.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql --enable-ipv6 --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --with-libxml2 --with-openipmi --with-ssh2 --enable-java
配置完成如下图所示，这里可以看到我们启用了java gateway、agent等等
接着进行安装
make install
安装完成后，可以看下所安装的目录的内容
# tree /usr/local/zabbix/
/usr/local/zabbix/
├── bin
│ ├── zabbix_get
│ ├── zabbix_js
│ └── zabbix_sender
├── etc
│ ├── zabbix_agent2.conf
│ ├── zabbix_agentd.conf
│ ├── zabbix_agentd.conf.d
│ ├── zabbix_server.conf
│ └── zabbix_server.conf.d
├── lib
│ └── modules
├── sbin
│ ├── zabbix_agentd
│ ├── zabbix_java
│ │ ├── bin
│ │ │ └── zabbix-java-gateway-6.0.3.jar
│ │ ├── lib
│ │ │ ├── android-json-4.3_r3.1.jar
│ │ │ ├── logback-classic-1.2.9.jar
│ │ │ ├── logback-console.xml
│ │ │ ├── logback-core-1.2.9.jar
│ │ │ ├── logback.xml
│ │ │ └── slf4j-api-1.7.32.jar
│ │ ├── settings.sh
│ │ ├── shutdown.sh
│ │ └── startup.sh
│ └── zabbix_server
└── share
├── man
│ ├── man1
│ │ ├── zabbix_get.1
│ │ └── zabbix_sender.1
│ └── man8
│ ├── zabbix_agentd.8
│ └── zabbix_server.8
└── zabbix
├── alertscripts
└── externalscripts
17 directories, 22 files
6、修改配置文件
cp /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf{,.bak}
# grep -v -E "^#|^$" /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf
LogFile=/usr/local/zabbix/log/zabbix_server.log
LogFileSize=0
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
SocketDir=/var/run/zabbix
DBHost=127.0.0.1
DBPort=3306
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=Zabbix
StartPollers=12
StartTrappers=30
StartDiscoverers=50
StartHTTPPollers=100
SNMPTrapperFile=/var/log/snmptrap/snmptrap.log
CacheSize=4G
CacheUpdateFrequency=1200
ValueCacheSize=12G
Timeout=4
AlertScriptsPath=/usr/local/zabbix/alertscripts
ExternalScripts=/usr/local/zabbix/externalscripts
FpingLocation=/sbin/fping
LogSlowQueries=3000
StatsAllowedIP=127.0.0.1
7、创建相关配置目录及权限设置
mkdir -p /usr/local/zabbix/{alertscripts,externalscripts,log}
mkdir /var/run/zabbix
chown zabbix.zabbix /var/run/zabbix/
chown zabbix.zabbix /usr/local/zabbix/ -R
8、配置systemd启动
cat <<EOF > /etc/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service
[Unit]
Description=Zabbix Server
After=syslog.target network.target network-online.target
Wants=network.target network-online.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=root
ExecStart=/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server -c /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf
RemainAfterExit=yes
PIDFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
9、加入开机启动并启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable zabbix-server --now
安装zabbix-web#
这里采用
nginx+php部署来支撑zabbix-web，这样在后期如果有漏洞，也方便对应升级维护，如nginx有漏洞，可以直接把nginx升级即可。
安装php#
1、配置yum，这里使用清华大学的yum源
yum install https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/remi/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm -y
2、安装php
yum install php74-php php74-php-fpm php74-php-ldap php74-php-bcmath php74-php-mbstring php74-php-common php74-php-gd php74-php-mysql php74-php-xml php74-php-cli php74-php-devel php74-php-pecl-memcached php74-php-pecl-redis php74-php-opcache -y
3、配置php.ini，（使用清华大学yum安装的php配置文件路径在/etc/opt/remi/php74/）
cp /etc/opt/remi/php74/php.ini{,.bak}
vim /etc/opt/remi/php74/php.ini
[PHP] #该标签已有，只是将下列参数加到（或修改）该标签下。
expose_php = Off #禁止显示php版本的信息
short_open_tag = On #取消前面的;，修改为On。表示支持php短标签
cgi.fix_pathinfo=1 #将注释去掉，开启PHP的pathinfo伪静态功能。
max_execution_time = 300 #脚本运行的最长时间，默认30秒
max_input_time = 300 #脚本可以消耗的时间，默认60秒
memory_limit = 256M #脚本运行最大消耗的内存，根据你的需求更改数值，默认128M
post_max_size = 100M #单提交的最大数据，此项不是限制上传单个文件的大小,而是针对整个表单的提交数据进行限制的。限制范围包括表单提交的所有内容.例如:发表贴子时,贴子标题,内容,附件等…默认8
upload_max_filesize = 10M #上载文件的最大许可大小 ，默认2M
[Date] #该标签已有，只是修改下方的时区
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
4、配置php-fpm.conf
vim /etc/opt/remi/php74/php-fpm.conf
include=/etc/opt/remi/php74/php-fpm.d/*.conf
error_log = /var/opt/remi/php74/log/php-fpm/error.log
5、启动php并加入开机启动
systemctl enable --now php74-php-fpm.service
备注：如果需要卸载老版本php可以使用以下命令进行卸载
rpm -qa |grep php|xargs -i rpm -e {} --nodeps
安装nginx#
1、安装yum源
rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
2、安装nginx
yum install nginx -y
3、将 Zabbix 源码包中的 PHP 文件复制到 Nginx 的根目录下。
mkdir -p /usr/share/nginx/html/zabbix
cp -r zabbix-6.0.3/ui/* /usr/share/nginx/html/zabbix/
4、配置nginx
cp /etc/nginx/nginx.conf{,.bak}
# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 4096;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name _;
root /usr/share/nginx/html/zabbix;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
location ~ \.php$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/zabbix;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /404.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
}
}
5、启动nginx并加入开机启动
systemctl enable --now nginx
到这里就可以进行访问配置的地址和端口进行 zabbix-web 安装了
Web界面配置#
1、访问Web界面，如下图，并选择自己所使用的语言
2、基础环境检测
3、配置数据库连接信息
4、配置主机名称和时区
5、检查配置
6、如果出现下图，按照图中提示，下载文件，保存到对应提示路径中。
7、配置完成后如下图所示，点击完成。
8、进入登陆界面（默认账号/密码：Admin/zabbix）
启用zabbix-agent#
启用 zabbix-server 服务器本身的 agnet，这里我们上面安装的时候已经把模块安装上了，这里只需要配置下启动即可。
这里由于在一台机器，不用修改什么，直接启动即可
1、配置systemd
cat <<EOF > /etc/systemd/system/zabbix-agent.service
[Unit]
Description=Zabbix Agent
After=syslog.target network.target network-online.target
Wants=network.target network-online.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=root
ExecStart=/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd -c /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
RemainAfterExit=yes
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
2、加入开机启动并启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable zabbix-agent --now
3、查看状态
# systemctl status zabbix-agent
● zabbix-agent.service - Zabbix Agent
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/zabbix-agent.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (exited) since Wed 2022-04-13 18:56:50 CST; 7s ago
Process: 2243 ExecStart=/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd -c /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 2243 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
CGroup: /system.slice/zabbix-agent.service
├─2245 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd -c /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
├─2246 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd: collector [idle 1 sec]
├─2247 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener #1 [waiting for connection]
├─2248 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener #2 [waiting for connection]
├─2249 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener #3 [waiting for connection]
└─2250 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd: active checks #1 [idle 1 sec]
Apr 13 18:56:50 test systemd[1]: Started Zabbix Agent.
4、再次检查状态（此时可以看到可用的机器数为1了）
