Semantic Kernel 入门系列:💾Native Function

发布时间 2023-04-11 22:05:50作者: 宵伯特

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语义的归语义,语法的归语法。

基础定义

最基本的Native Function定义只需要在方法上添加 SKFunction 的特性即可。

using Microsoft.SemanticKernel.SkillDefinition;
using Microsoft.SemanticKernel.Orchestration;

namespace MySkillsDirectory;

public class MyCSharpSkill
{
    [SKFunction("Return the first row of a qwerty keyboard")]
    public string Qwerty(string input)
    {
        return "qwertyuiop";
    }

    [SKFunction("Return a string that's duplicated")]
    public string DupDup(string text)
    {
        return text + text;
    }
}

默认情况下只需要传递一个string 参数就行,如果需要多个参数的话,和Semantic Function一样,也是使用Context,不过这里传进去是 SKContext。在方法上使用 SKFunctionContextParameter声明一下参数,可以提供一定的说明,同时的有需要的话,可以设置参数的默认值。

using Microsoft.SemanticKernel.SkillDefinition;
using Microsoft.SemanticKernel.Orchestration;

namespace MySkillsDirectory;

public class MyCSharpSkill
{
    [SKFunction("Return a string that's duplicated")]
    public string DupDup(string text)
    {
        return text + text;
    }

    [SKFunction("Joins a first and last name together")]
    [SKFunctionContextParameter(Name = "firstname", Description = "Informal name you use")]
    [SKFunctionContextParameter(Name = "lastname", Description = "More formal name you use")]
    public string FullNamer(SKContext context)
    {
        return context["firstname"] + " " + context["lastname"];
    }
}

调用的时候,一样使用 ContextVariables.

using Microsoft.SemanticKernel;
using Microsoft.SemanticKernel.Orchestration;

using MySkillsDirectory;

// ... instantiate a kernel as myKernel

var myContext = new ContextVariables(); 
myContext.Set("firstname","Sam");
myContext.Set("lastname","Appdev");

var myCshSkill = myKernel.ImportSkill ( new MyCSharpSkill(), "MyCSharpSkill");
var myOutput = await myKernel.RunAsync(myContext,myCshSkill["FullNamer"]);

Console.WriteLine(myOutput);

当然异步的方法也是支持的。这样的话,就可以处理一些像是网络请求,数据库访问、文件读写等操作了。

using Microsoft.SemanticKernel.SkillDefinition;
using Microsoft.SemanticKernel.Orchestration;

public class MyCSharpSkill
{
    [SKFunction("Return the first row of a qwerty keyboard")]
    public string Qwerty(string input)
    {
        return "qwertyuiop";
    }

    [SKFunction("Return the second row of a qwerty keyboard")]
    [SKFunctionName("Asdfg")]
    public async Task<string> AsdfgAsync(string input)
    {
        await ...do something asynchronous...

        return "asdfghjkl";
    }

这里针对 AsdfgAsync 添加了一个 SKFunctionName 的特性,主要是为了使Function name 好看一些,避免 MyCSharpSkill.AsdfgAsync 这样。

混合调用

和 Semantic Function中能够调用 Native Function一样,在 Native Function也可以调用Semantic Function,其中主要使用的还是 SKContext.

using Microsoft.SemanticKernel.SkillDefinition;
using Microsoft.SemanticKernel.Orchestration;

namespace MySkillsDirectory;

public class MyCSharpSkill
{
    [SKFunction("Tell me a joke in one line of text")]
    [SKFunctionName("TellAJokeInOneLine")]
    public async Task<string> TellAJokeInOneLineAsync(SKContext context)
    {
        // Fetch a semantic function previously loaded into the kernel
        ISKFunction joker1 = context.Func("funSkill", "joker");

        // OR Fetch a semantic function previously loaded into the kernel
        ISKFunction joker2 = context.Skills.GetSemanticFunction("funSkill", "joker");

        var joke = await joker1.InvokeAsync();

        return joke.Result.ReplaceLineEndings(" ");
    }
}

这里并没有限制是 Semantic Function 还是Native Function,所以甚至可以完全使用Native Function编排技能调用,除了参数的定义和提取有些费劲以外,其他的几乎没什么问题,毕竟返回值都是string,这也就贯彻了Text is the universal wire protocol,即便是代码也得将就一下。

一些核心技能

Semantic Kernel 中大部分的能力都是有技能提供的,例如Semantic Kernel的一个核心组件Planner,其实就是一个Semantic Skill,另外官方提供了一些Core SKill,基本是日常比较常用的。具体可以参考https://github.com/microsoft/semantic-kernel/tree/main/dotnet/src/SemanticKernel/CoreSkills

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和自行定义的Native Function一样的,只需要使用ImportSkill就行了

using Microsoft.SemanticKernel.CoreSkills;

// ( You want to instantiate a kernel and configure it first )

myKernel.ImportSkill(new TimeSkill(), "time");

const string ThePromptTemplate = @"
Today is: {{time.Date}}
Current time is: {{time.Time}}

Answer to the following questions using JSON syntax, including the data used.
Is it morning, afternoon, evening, or night (morning/afternoon/evening/night)?
Is it weekend time (weekend/not weekend)?";

var myKindOfDay = myKernel.CreateSemanticFunction(ThePromptTemplate, maxTokens: 150);

var myOutput = await myKindOfDay.InvokeAsync();
Console.WriteLine(myOutput);

至此,Semantic Kernel 的基础能力就学习得差不多了。


参考资料:

  1. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/semantic-kernel/howto/nativefunctions
  2. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/semantic-kernel/howto/coreskills
  3. https://github.com/microsoft/semantic-kernel/tree/main/dotnet/src/SemanticKernel/CoreSkills