HENU 编译原理实验三 语义分析及中间代码产生

语义分析及中间代码产生

抽象语法树生成应该是正确的，四元式是错误的，留个坑以后补

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

#ifdef Nanfeng1997
  #include <debugger>
#endif

//词法分析器
//以下是我对单词种别划分
/*
  关键字：
  begin       1
  end         2
  if          3
  then        4
  while       5
  do          6
  const       7
  var         8
  call        9
  procedure   10
  odd         11

  运算符：
  +           12
  -           13
  *           14
  /           15
  =           16
  #           17
  <           18
  >           19
  =           20
  (           21
  )           22
  ,           23
  .           24
  ;           25

  标识符：    26
  常数：      27
*/

vector<string> key, identify, symbol;
unordered_map<string, int> key_map, identify_map, symbol_map; // value
unordered_map<string, int> letter_map; // Type

int key_offset = 1;
int symbol_offset = 12;
int tempVarNumber = 1;

struct section {
  string op, arg1, arg2, result;
};

vector<section> Sec0, Sec;

struct node {
  int type;
  string val;
};  

struct TreeNode {
  int type;
  string val; 
  vector<TreeNode*> son;
  string tempVarName;
  TreeNode () {}
  TreeNode (node nd) { type = nd.type; val = nd.val; son = {}; tempVarName = "";}
  TreeNode (node nd, string name) { type = nd.type; val = nd.val; son = {}; tempVarName = name;}
  int get_son() { return son.size(); }
  void add(TreeNode* Node) {
    son.push_back(Node);
  }
};

string getTempNumber() {
  string ans = "T" + to_string(tempVarNumber);
  tempVarNumber += 1;
  return ans;
}

// + - * / :=  > < >= <= 
TreeNode* opr(node op, int num, vector<TreeNode*> allNode) {
  TreeNode *rt = new TreeNode(op, "-");
  for (auto Item: allNode) {
    rt->add(Item);
  }
  return rt;
}

TreeNode* opr(node op, int num, vector<TreeNode*> allNode, string name) {
  TreeNode *rt = new TreeNode(op, name);
  for (auto Item: allNode) {
    rt->add(Item);
  }
  return rt;
}

TreeNode* id(node entry) {
  TreeNode *rt = new TreeNode(entry, "-");
  return rt;
}

TreeNode* id(node entry, string name) {
  TreeNode *rt = new TreeNode(entry, name);
  return rt;
}


TreeNode* num(node entry) {
  TreeNode *rt = new TreeNode(entry);
  return rt;
}

const int numbers_type = 27;
const int identify_type = 26;
vector<node> tokens; //词法分析结果
int index = 0; //tokens的下标
node nEndD;
TreeNode* root;

void init() {
  string str_key = "begin  end  if  then  while  do  const  var  call  procedure  odd", s;
  string str_symbol = "+  -  *  /  =  #  <  >  :=  (  )  ,  .  ;";
  stringstream key_in;
  key_in << str_key;
  while (key_in >> s) {
    key.push_back(s);
    key_map[s] = int(key.size()) - 1;
    letter_map[s] = int(key.size()) - 1 + key_offset;
  }
  stringstream symbolin;
  symbolin << str_symbol;
  while (symbolin >> s) {
    symbol.push_back(s);
    symbol_map[s] = int(symbol.size()) - 1;
    letter_map[s] = int(symbol.size()) - 1 + symbol_offset;
  }

}

void read(vector<string> &ans) {
  if (not ans.empty()) ans.clear();
  string str, res, s; 
  while (getline(cin, str)) {
    if (str.find("//") != string::npos) {
      str.erase(str.find("//"));
    }
    res += str; res.push_back('\n');
  }
  
  stringstream ss; ss << res;
  int flag = 1;
  while (ss >> s) {
    if (s == "(*") flag ^= 1;
    
    if (flag) {
      ans.push_back(s);
    }

    if (s == "*)") flag ^= 1;
  }
}
// （种别，属性值）
void LexicalAnalysis(vector<string> &str, vector<node> &ans) {
  if (not ans.empty()) ans.clear();
  for (string s: str) {
    // cout << s << " ";
    if (key_map.count(s)) { //
      ans.push_back({letter_map[s], "-"});
    } else if (symbol_map.count(s)) {
      if (int(s.size()) > 10) {
        cout << "symbol's size is too long!\n";
        assert(false);
      }
      ans.push_back({letter_map[s], "-"});
    } else if (identify_map.count(s)) {
      ans.push_back({identify_type, to_string(identify_map[s])});
    } else {
      // continue;
      int ns = s.size();
      for (int i = 0; i < ns; i ++ ) {
        if (isdigit(s[i])) {
          string t; t += s[i];
          int j = i; while (j + 1 < ns and isdigit(s[j + 1])) {
            ++ j;
            t += s[j];
          }
          ans.push_back({numbers_type, t});    
          i = j;
        } else if (isalpha(s[i])) {
          string t; t += s[i];
          int j = i; while (j + 1 < ns and (isalpha(s[j + 1]) or isdigit(s[j + 1]))) {
            ++ j;
            t += s[j];
          }
          if (key_map.count(t)) {
            ans.push_back({letter_map[t], "-"});    
          } else {
            if (int(t.size()) > 10) {
              cout << "identify's size is too long!\n";
              assert(false);
            }
            if (!identify_map.count(t)) {
              identify.push_back(t);
              int new_val = (int)identify.size() - 1;
              identify_map[t] = new_val;
            }
            ans.push_back({identify_type, to_string(identify_map[t])});
          }
          i = j;
        } else {
          string t; t += s[i];
          if (symbol_map.count(t)) {
            ans.push_back({letter_map[t], "-"});
          } else {
            if (i + 1 >= (int)s.size()) {
              cout << "illegal!\n";
              assert(false);
            }
            t += s[++ i];
            if (symbol_map.count(t)) {
              ans.push_back({letter_map[t], "-"});
            } else {
              assert(false);
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
  nEndD = ans.back();
}

bool isDigit(string s) {
  if (s[0] == '-') {
    reverse(s.begin(), s.end()); 
    s.pop_back();
    reverse(s.begin(), s.end());
    if (s == "0") return false;
  }
  if (s.empty()) return false;
  if (s[0] == '0') {
    return int(s.size()) == 1;
  } else {
    for (auto c: s) if (c < '0' or c > '9') return false;
  }
  return true;
}

//对实验文档中的消除左递归和回溯的PL/0的EBNF文法分析
/*
  program：程序，由 block 和 "." 组成。
  block：代码块，包含 constdecl、vardecl、procdecl 和 statement 四部分。
  constdecl：常量声明，由可选的 "const" 关键字，多个 constitem，以及 ";" 组成。
  constitem：常量条目，包括标识符 ident 和数字 number 之间的 "=" 号连接。
  vardecl：变量声明，由可选的 "var" 关键字，多个标识符 ident，以及 ";" 组成。
  procdecl：过程声明，由多个 "procedure" 关键字，标识符 ident，代码块 block 和 ";" 组成。
  statement：语句，包括赋值语句 assignstmt、过程调用语句 callstmt、复合语句 compstmt、条件语句 ifstmt 和循环语句 whilestmt。
  assignstmt：赋值语句，包括标识符 ident，":=" 连接后面的 expression。
  callstmt：过程调用语句，包括 "call" 关键字和标识符 ident。
  compstmt：复合语句，由 "begin" 关键字和多个语句 statement，以及 "end" 关键字组成。
  ifstmt：条件语句，由 "if" 关键字、condition、"then" 关键字和语句 statement 组成。
  whilestmt：循环语句，由 "while" 关键字、condition、"do" 关键字和语句 statement 组成。
  condition：条件判断，包括 "odd" 和 expression 之间的关系运算符（"="、"#"、"<"、">"）。
  expression：表达式，由 term 和多个加减法运算符组成。
  term：项，由 factor 和多个乘除法运算符组成。
  factor：因子，包括可选的正负号、标识符 ident、数字 number 和括号中的 expression。
*/

//函数列表，注释为对应语法单位
string get_str(node nd); //通过 node 获取读入的字符串
void exception_print(int type, string expected);    //打印异常
void match(string expected);           //单输入匹配函数
void match(string expected, bool majority);             //多输入匹配函数  E -> aB | B
bool match(string expected, char flag);
TreeNode* parse_program();   //program -> block "."
vector<TreeNode*> parse_block();     //block -> constdecl vardecl procdecl statement
TreeNode* parse_constdecl(); //constdecl ->["const" constitem{ "," constitem } ";"]
TreeNode* parse_constitem(); //constitem -> ident "=" number
TreeNode* parse_vardecl();   //vardecl -> ["var" ident {"," ident} ";"]
TreeNode* parse_procdecl();  //procdecl -> {"procedure" ident ";" block ";"}
TreeNode* parse_statement(); //statement -> assignstmt | callstmt | compstmt | ifstmt | whilestmt
TreeNode* parse_assignstmt();//assignstmt ->[ident ":=" expression]
TreeNode* parse_callstmt();  //callstmt -> ["call" ident]
TreeNode* parse_compstmt();  //compstmt -> ["begin" statement {";" statement} "end"]
TreeNode* parse_ifstmt();    //ifstmt -> ["if" condition "then" statement]
TreeNode* parse_whilestmt(); //whilestmt -> ["while" condition "do" statement]
TreeNode* parse_condition(); //condition = "odd" expression | expression ("="|"#"|"<"|">") expression
TreeNode* parse_expression();//expression -> term { ("+"|"-") term}
TreeNode* parse_term();      //term -> factor {("*"|"/") factor}
TreeNode* parse_factor();    //factor -> [ "+"|"-"] (ident | number | "(" expression ")")
TreeNode* parse_ident();     //ident -> letter {letter | digit}
TreeNode* parse_number();    //number -> digit {digit} 
void print(section x);
void print0(section x);

bool success = true;
string symbolarray[] = { "=", "#", "<", ">" };
int symbollength = 4;


string get_str (node nd) {
  auto [type, val] = nd;
  if (type >= 1 and type <= 11) {
    return key[type - key_offset];
  } else if (type >= 12 and type <= 25) {
    return symbol[type - symbol_offset];
  } else if (type == 26) {
    return identify[stoi(val)];
  } else if (type == 27) {
    return val;
  } else {
    assert(false);
  }
  return "error";
}

void print(TreeNode* Rt) {
  cout << get_str(node{Rt->type, Rt->val}) << "   \n";
}


void exception_print(int type, string expected = "") {
  string ret;
  if (type == 0) { //语法错误
    ret = "语法错误：预期为 " + expected + "，但输入的是 " + get_str(tokens[index]);
  } else if (type == 1) {
    ret = "标识符 " + get_str(tokens[index]) + " 格式错误";
  } else if (type == 2) {
    ret = "整数 " + get_str(tokens[index]) + "格式错误";
  }
  cout << ret << "\n";
  success = false;
}


void match(string expected) {
  if (get_str(tokens[index]) == expected) {
    index++;
  } else {
    exception_print(0, expected);
  }
}

void match(string expected, bool majority) {
  bool iseuqal = false;
  for (int i = 0; i < symbollength; i++) {
    if (get_str(tokens[index]) == symbolarray[i]) {
      index += 1; iseuqal = true; break;
    }
    expected += symbolarray[i];
    if (i != symbollength - 1) {
      expected += " ";
    }
  }
  if (!iseuqal) {
    exception_print(0, expected);
  }
}

bool match(string expected, char flag) {
  if (get_str(tokens[index]) == "#") {
    index += 1;
    return true;
  } else {
    return false;
  }
}

int limit, f1, f2, t, n;
bool haveLimit, haveAns;
map<int, int> mp;

int find(int x) {
  if (x <= 1) return x;
  if (mp.count(x)) return mp[x];
  mp[x] = find(x - 2) + find(x - 1); 
  return mp[x];
}


TreeNode* parse_program() {
  auto tmpP = parse_block();
  node nD = tokens[index];
  match(".");
  auto ans = opr(nD, 4, tmpP);
  return ans;
}

vector<TreeNode*> parse_block() {
  return vector<TreeNode*>{parse_constdecl(), parse_vardecl(), parse_procdecl(), parse_statement()};
}

TreeNode* parse_constdecl() {
  TreeNode* tmpP = NULL;
  
  if (get_str(tokens[index]) == "const") {
    node nConst = tokens[index];
    match("const");
    tmpP = parse_constitem();

    while (get_str(tokens[index]) == ",") {
      node nD = tokens[index];
      match(",");
      tmpP = opr(nD, 2, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP, parse_constitem()});
    }
    match(";");
    tmpP = opr(nConst, 1, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP});
  }
  return tmpP;
}

TreeNode* parse_constitem() {
  TreeNode* tmpP = id(tokens[index]);
  parse_ident();
  auto Equal = tokens[index];
  match("=");
  Sec0.push_back(section{"const", get_str(node{tmpP->type, tmpP->val}), get_str(tokens[index]), "-"});
  tmpP = opr(Equal, 2, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP, num(tokens[index])});
  parse_number();
  return tmpP;
}

void get_limit() {
  for (auto x: Sec0) {
    if (x.op == "const" and x.arg1 == "limit") {
      haveLimit = true;
      limit = stoi(x.arg2);
      return ; 
    } 
  }
}

TreeNode* parse_vardecl() {
  TreeNode* tmpP = NULL;
  if (get_str(tokens[index]) == "var") {
    node nVar = tokens[index];
    match("var");
    Sec0.push_back(section{"var", get_str(tokens[index]), "0", "-"});
    tmpP = parse_ident();
    
    while (get_str(tokens[index]) == ",") {
      node d = tokens[index];
      match(",");
      Sec0.push_back(section{"var", get_str(tokens[index]), "0", "-"});
      tmpP = opr(d, 2, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP, parse_ident()});
    }
    tmpP = opr(nVar, 1, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP});
    match(";");
  }
  return tmpP;
}

void get_ans() {
  n = limit;
  f2 = find(limit);
  f1 = find(limit - 1);
  t = f1;
  haveAns = true;
}

TreeNode* parse_procdecl() {
  TreeNode* tmpP = NULL;
  while (get_str(tokens[index]) == "procedure") {
    node Procedure = tokens[index];
    match("procedure");
    TreeNode* tmpPN = id(tokens[index]);
    parse_ident();
    match(";");
    auto vectmpPB = parse_block();
    TreeNode* tmpPB = opr(nEndD, 4, vectmpPB);
    node f = tokens[index];
    match(";");
    auto tp = opr(Procedure, 2, vector<TreeNode*> {tmpPN, tmpPB}); 
    if (tmpP == NULL) {
      tmpP = tp;
    } else {
      tmpP = opr(f, 2, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP, tp});
    }
  }
  return tmpP;
}

TreeNode* parse_statement() {
  TreeNode* tmpP = NULL;
  if (identify_map.count(get_str(tokens[index]))) {
    tmpP = parse_assignstmt();
  } else if (get_str(tokens[index]) == "call") {
    tmpP = parse_callstmt();
  } else if (get_str(tokens[index]) == "begin") {
    tmpP = parse_compstmt();
  } else if (get_str(tokens[index]) == "if") {
    tmpP = parse_ifstmt();
  } else if (get_str(tokens[index]) == "while") {
    tmpP = parse_whilestmt();
  } 
  if (!haveLimit) get_limit();
  if (!haveAns) get_ans();
  return tmpP;
}

TreeNode* parse_assignstmt() {
  auto nowIdent = get_str(tokens[index]);
  auto tmpP = parse_ident();
  node mEqual = tokens[index];
  match(":=");
  auto Rtexpression = parse_expression();
  string RtName = Rtexpression->tempVarName;
  if (RtName == "-") RtName = get_str(node{Rtexpression->type, Rtexpression->val});
  Sec.push_back(section{":=", RtName, "-", nowIdent}); // Tag1
  tmpP = opr(mEqual, 2, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP, Rtexpression});
  return tmpP;
}

TreeNode* parse_callstmt() {
  TreeNode* tmpP = NULL;
  node Call = tokens[index];
  match("call");
  auto ParseIdent = parse_ident();
  Sec.push_back(section{"call", "-", "-", "print"});
  tmpP = opr(Call, 1, vector<TreeNode*>{ParseIdent});
  return tmpP;
}

TreeNode* parse_compstmt() {
  node nBegin = tokens[index];
  TreeNode* tmpP = NULL;
  match("begin");
  tmpP = parse_statement();
  while (get_str(tokens[index]) == ";") {
    auto F = tokens[index];
    match(";");
    tmpP = opr(F, 2, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP, parse_statement()});
  }
  tmpP = opr(nBegin, 1, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP});
  match("end");
  return tmpP;
}

TreeNode* parse_ifstmt() {
  TreeNode* tmpP = NULL;
  auto nIf = tokens[index];
  match("if");
  tmpP = parse_condition();
  match("then");
  tmpP = opr(nIf, 2, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP, parse_statement()});
  return tmpP;
}

TreeNode* parse_whilestmt() {
  TreeNode* tmpP = NULL;
  auto nWhile = tokens[index];
  match("while");
  tmpP = parse_condition();
  match("do");
  tmpP = opr(nWhile, 2, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP, parse_statement()});
  return tmpP;
}

TreeNode* parse_condition() {
  TreeNode* tmpP = NULL;
  if (get_str(tokens[index]) == "odd") {
    auto nOdd = tokens[index];
    match("odd");
    tmpP = opr(nOdd, 1, vector<TreeNode*>{parse_expression()});
  } else {
    tmpP = parse_expression();
    node nSymbol = tokens[index];
    if (match("", '#')) {// Tag4
      // # (!=)
      auto ntmp = parse_expression();
      string tmpName = tmpP->tempVarName;
      if (tmpName == "-") tmpName = get_str(node{tmpP->type, tmpP->val});
      string ntmpName = ntmp->tempVarName;
      if (ntmpName == "-") ntmpName = get_str(node{ntmp->type, ntmp->val});
      Sec.push_back(section{"j#", tmpName, ntmpName, "106"});
      Sec.push_back(section{"j", "-", "-", "113"});
    } else {
      match("", true);
      tmpP = opr(nSymbol, 2, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP, parse_expression()});
    }
    
  }
  return tmpP;
}

TreeNode* parse_expression() { // Tag2 
  auto tmpP = parse_term();
  while (get_str(tokens[index]) == "+" || get_str(tokens[index]) == "-") {
    node nOp = tokens[index];
    match(get_str(tokens[index]));
    auto Rt = parse_term();
    string tmpPname = tmpP->tempVarName; 
    if (tmpPname == "-") tmpPname = get_str(node{tmpP->type, tmpP->val});
    string Rtname = Rt->tempVarName; 
    if (Rtname == "-") Rtname = get_str(node{Rt->type, Rt->val});
    Sec.push_back(section{get_str(nOp), tmpPname, Rtname, getTempNumber()});
    // cout << Sec.back().result << " ::\n";
    tmpP = opr(nOp, 2, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP, Rt}, Sec.back().result);
  }
  // cout << tmpP->tempVarName << "  ppp\n";
  return tmpP;
}

TreeNode* parse_term() { // Tag3
  auto tmpP = parse_factor();
  while (get_str(tokens[index]) == "*" || get_str(tokens[index]) == "/") {
    string name = getTempNumber();
    node nOp = tokens[index];
    match(get_str(tokens[index]));
    auto Rt = parse_factor();
    string tmpPname = tmpP->tempVarName; 
    if (tmpPname == "-") tmpPname = get_str(node{tmpP->type, tmpP->val});
    string Rtname = Rt->tempVarName; 
    if (Rtname == "-") Rtname = get_str(node{Rt->type, Rt->val});
    Sec.push_back(section{get_str(nOp), tmpPname, Rtname, getTempNumber()});
    // cout << Sec.back().result << "  result\n";
    tmpP = opr(nOp, 2, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP, Rt}, Sec.back().result);
  }
  // cout << tmpP->tempVarName << " :::\n";
  return tmpP;
}



TreeNode* parse_factor() {
  node sign{-1, ""};
  TreeNode* tmpP = NULL;
  if (get_str(tokens[index]) == "+" || get_str(tokens[index]) == "-") {
    sign = tokens[index];
    match(get_str(tokens[index]));
  } 
  if (isDigit(get_str(tokens[index])) ) { 
    tmpP = num(tokens[index]);
    parse_number();
  } else if (identify_map.count(get_str(tokens[index]))) {
    tmpP = id(tokens[index]);
    parse_ident();
  } else {
    match("(");
    tmpP = parse_expression();
    match(")");
  }
  if (sign.type != -1) {
    string tmpPname = tmpP->tempVarName; 
    if (tmpPname == "-") tmpPname = get_str(node{tmpP->type, tmpP->val});
    Sec.push_back(section{"neg", tmpPname, "-", getTempNumber()});
    tmpP = opr(sign, 1, vector<TreeNode*>{tmpP}, Sec.back().result);
  } else {
    tmpP->tempVarName = get_str(node{tmpP->type, tmpP->val});
  }
  return tmpP;
}

TreeNode* parse_ident() {
  TreeNode* tmpP = NULL;
  if (identify_map.count(get_str(tokens[index]))) {
    tmpP = id(tokens[index]);
    match(get_str(tokens[index]));
  } else {
    exception_print(1);
  }
  return tmpP;
}

TreeNode* parse_number() {
  TreeNode* tmpP = NULL;
  if (isDigit(get_str(tokens[index]))) {
    tmpP = num(tokens[index]);
    match(get_str(tokens[index]));
  } else {
    exception_print(2);
  }
  return tmpP;
}


bool GrammaticalAnalysis() {
  root = parse_program();
  if (success) {
    cout << "\n\n分析结果:  语法正确" << "\n";
  }
  return success;
}

void dfs(TreeNode *rt, int Tab) { // print abstract grammar tree
  if (rt == NULL) return ;
  for (int i = 0; i < Tab; i ++ ) cout << string(2, ' ');
  cout << get_str(node{rt->type, rt->val}) << "\n";
  for (auto p: rt->son) {
    dfs(p, Tab + 1);
  }
}

int nowNumber = 100;

void print(section p) {
  cout << nowNumber ++ << " ( ";
  cout << setw(3) << p.op << ", ";
  cout << setw(3) << p.arg1 << ", ";
  cout << setw(3) << p.arg2 << ", ";
  cout << setw(3) << p.result << ")\n";
}

void print0(section p) {
  cout << "(";
  cout << setw(5) << p.op << ", ";
  cout << setw(5) << p.arg1 << ", ";
  cout << setw(5) << p.arg2 << ", ";
  cout << setw(5) << p.result << ")\n";
}

int main() {
  init();
  vector<string> str;
  read(str);
  
  LexicalAnalysis(str, tokens);

  GrammaticalAnalysis();

  cout << "n = " << n << "\n";
  cout << "limit = " << limit << "\n";
  cout << "f1 = " << f1 << "\n";
  cout << "f2 = " << f2 << "\n";
  cout << "t = " << t << "\n";

  cout << "\n\n";
  cout << "语法分析树为: \n";
  dfs(root, 0);

  cout << "\n\n";
  cout << "section .data\n";

  for (auto x: Sec0) {
    print0(x);
  } 
  cout << "\n";

  cout << "section .code\n";
  for (auto x: Sec) {
    print(x);
  } 

  return 0;
}

input

const limit=29;
var n, f1, f2, t;
begin
     n := 0;
     f1 := 0;
     f2 := 1;
     t := 0;
     while n # limit do
     begin
          n := n + 1;
          t := f2 + 0;
          f2 := f1 + f2;
          f1 := t;
     end;
     call print;
end.
//0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13

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