1、首先是创建实例：这里引用一位网友的文章

Linux无界面新建Oracle数据库实例

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44260380/article/details/116997640

2、创建完后发现新建的用户sys不是sysdba用户：

解决方法用这篇文章的方法：

ORA-01994: GRANT failed: password file missing or disabled

https://www.cnblogs.com/leihongnu/p/12667684.html

3、sys赋权sysdba后发现用这个用户登录报错，解决参考下面文章：

ORACLE用SYS登录报ORA-28009：connection as SYS should be as SYSDBA OR SYSOPER解决方法

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42684618/article/details/88573811?spm=1001.2101.3001.6661.1&utm_medium=distribute.pc_relevant_t0.none-task-blog-2%7Edefault%7ECTRLIST%7ERate-1-88573811-blog-80781979.pc_relevant_default_base1&depth_1-utm_source=distribute.pc_relevant_t0.none-task-blog-2%7Edefault%7ECTRLIST%7ERate-1-88573811-blog-80781979.pc_relevant_default_base1&utm_relevant_index=1

4、重启另一个实例的数据库时报错，解决方法参见以下文章：

ORA-27102:out of memory Linux-x86-64 Error: 28: No space left on device的解决办法

https://vip.kingdee.com/article/321684533147750144?productLineId=8&isKnowledge=2

5、下面附创建表空间和用户的sql语句：

#创建表空间

create temporary tablespace TEMP tempfile '/home/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/CLOUD_CDR_TEMP.dbf' size 32M autoextend on next 32M maxsize unlimited extent management local;
create tablespace CDR datafile '/home/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/CLOUD_CDR.dbf' size 1024M autoextend on next 1024M maxsize unlimited extent management local;
#创建用户
CREATE USER CDR IDENTIFIED BY CDR ACCOUNT UNLOCK DEFAULT TABLESPACE CDR TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP;
#授权
GRANT CONNECT TO CDR;
GRANT RESOURCE TO CDR;
GRANT DBA TO CDR;