108. 将有序数组转换为二叉搜索树-526互联

给你一个整数数组 nums ，其中元素已经按升序排列，请你将其转换为一棵高度平衡二叉搜索树。

高度平衡二叉树是一棵满足「每个节点的左右两个子树的高度差的绝对值不超过 1 」的二叉树。

class Solution {
public:
    TreeNode* sortedArrayToBST(vector<int>& nums) {
        if(nums.empty()) return nullptr;
        //找根节点
        int root_index = nums.size()/2;
        auto it = nums.begin() + root_index;

        TreeNode *root = new TreeNode(*it);
        vector<int> nums_left(nums.begin(),it);
        root->left = sortedArrayToBST(nums_left);
        vector<int> nums_right(it+1,nums.end());
        root->right = sortedArrayToBST(nums_right);
        return root;
    }
    TreeNode* traversal(vector<int>& nums, int left, int right) {
        if (left > right) return nullptr;
        int mid = left + ((right - left) / 2);
        TreeNode* root = new TreeNode(nums[mid]);
        root->left = traversal(nums, left, mid - 1);
        root->right = traversal(nums, mid + 1, right);
        return root;
    }
    TreeNode* sortedArrayToBST1(vector<int>& nums) {
        TreeNode* root = traversal(nums, 0, nums.size() - 1);
        return root;
    }
    TreeNode* sortedArrayToBST2(vector<int>& nums) {
        if (nums.size() == 0) return nullptr;

        TreeNode* root = new TreeNode(0);   // 初始根节点
        queue<TreeNode*> nodeQue;           // 放遍历的节点
        queue<int> leftQue;                 // 保存左区间下标
        queue<int> rightQue;                // 保存右区间下标
        nodeQue.push(root);                 // 根节点入队列
        leftQue.push(0);                    // 0为左区间下标初始位置
        rightQue.push(nums.size() - 1);     // nums.size() - 1为右区间下标初始位置

        while (!nodeQue.empty()) {
            TreeNode* curNode = nodeQue.front();
            nodeQue.pop();
            int left = leftQue.front(); leftQue.pop();
            int right = rightQue.front(); rightQue.pop();
            int mid = left + ((right - left) / 2);

            curNode->val = nums[mid];       // 将mid对应的元素给中间节点

            if (left <= mid - 1) {          // 处理左区间
                curNode->left = new TreeNode(0);
                nodeQue.push(curNode->left);
                leftQue.push(left);
                rightQue.push(mid - 1);
            }

            if (right >= mid + 1) {         // 处理右区间
                curNode->right = new TreeNode(0);
                nodeQue.push(curNode->right);
                leftQue.push(mid + 1);
                rightQue.push(right);
            }
        }
        return root;
    }
};

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