centos ceph octopus 安装

一、服务器规划

二、设置主机名

前置条件：如果没有清楚dashboard 会报错：ceph dashboard Cannot import name UnrewindableBodyError
sudo pip uninstall urllib3 -y
sudo pip uninstall requests -y
sudo yum remove python-urllib3 -y
sudo yum remove python-requests -y

Now install both packages only via pip:

sudo pip install --upgrade urllib3
sudo pip install --upgrade requests

To install both packages only via yum:

sudo yum install python-urllib3
sudo yum install python-requests

主机名设置，三台主机分别执行属于自己的命令 node3

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname nod3
[root@localhost ~]# hostname node3

node4

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname node4
[root@localhost ~]# hostname node4
 

node5

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname node5
[root@localhost ~]# hostname node5

执行完毕后要想看到效果，需要关闭当前命令行窗口，重新打开即可看到设置效果

关闭防火墙

systemctl  stop firewalld  

systemctl   disable firewalld

三、设置hosts文件

在3台机器上都执行下面命令，添加映射

echo "172.18.112.20 node3 " >> /etc/hosts
echo "172.18.112.19 node4 " >> /etc/hosts
echo "172.18.112.18 node5 " >> /etc/hosts

四、创建用户并设置免密登录

创建ceph相关目录与配置host文件限制

cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF
10.167.21.129 ceph-1
10.167.21.130 ceph-2
10.167.21.131 ceph-3
EOF

cat >>/etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF
* hard nofile 655360
* soft nofile 655360
* hard nproc 655360
* soft nproc 655360
* soft core 655360
* hard core 655360
EOF

cat >>/etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf <<EOF
* soft nproc unlimited
root soft nproc unlimited
EOF

mkdir -p /data/ceph/{admin,etc,lib,logs,osd}
ln -s /data/ceph/etc /etc/ceph
ln -s /data/ceph/lib /var/lib/ceph
ln -s /data/ceph/logs /var/log/ceph

创建用户（三台机器上都运行）

useradd -d /home/admin -m admin
echo "123456" | passwd admin --stdin 
#sudo权限
echo "admin ALL = (root) NOPASSWD:ALL" | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/admin
sudo chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/admin

设置免密登录 （只在node3上执行）

[root@node3 ~]# su - admin
[admin@node3 ~]$ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/admin/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/home/admin/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/admin/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/admin/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:qfWhuboKeoHQOOMLOIB5tjK1RPjgw/Csl4r6A1FiJYA admin@admin.ops5.bbdops.com
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|+o..             |
|E.+              |
|*%               |
|X+X      .       |
|=@.+    S .      |
|X.*    o + .     |
|oBo.  . o .      |
|ooo.     .       |
|+o....oo.        |
+----[SHA256]-----+
[admin@node3 ~]$ ssh-copy-id admin@node3
[admin@node3 ~]$ ssh-copy-id admin@node4
[admin@node3 ~]$ ssh-copy-id admin@node5

注意: 没有ssh-copy-id 这个命令可以手动把公钥传到对应的机器上去

cat ~/.ssh/id_*.pub | ssh  admin@host3 'cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys'

五、配置时间同步

三台都执行

[root@node3 ~]$ timedatectl #查看本地时间

[root@node3 ~]$ timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai #改为亚洲上海时间

[root@node3 ~]$ yum install -y chrony #同步工具

[root@node3 ~]$ systemctl enable chronyd #同步工具

[root@node3 ~]$ systemctl start chronyd.service

[root@node3 ~]$ sed -i -e '/^server/s/^/#/' -e '1a server ntp.aliyun.com iburst' /etc/chrony.conf

[root@node3 ~]$ systemctl restart chronyd.service

[root@node3 ~]$ chronyc -n sources -v #同步列表
 [root@node3 ~]$ chronyc tracking #同步服务状态
 [root@node3 ~]$ timedatectl status #查看本地时间

以下操作在osd节点执行

# 检查磁盘
[root@ceph-node1 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

# 格式化磁盘
[root@ceph-node1 ~]# parted -s /dev/sdb mklabel gpt mkpart primary xfs 0% 100%
[root@ceph-node1 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb -f
meta-data=/dev/sdb isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=1310720 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=5242880, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
mount /dev/sdd1 /data/ceph/osd
查看磁盘格式
[root@ceph-node1 ~]# blkid -o value -s TYPE /dev/sdb
xfs

六、安装ceph-deploy并安装ceph软件包

通过cephadm脚本

[root@ceph-admin ~]# curl --silent --remote-name --location https://github.com/ceph/ceph/raw/octopus/src/cephadm/cephadm

授予执行权限

[root@ceph-admin ~]# chmod +x cephadm

基于发行版的名称配置ceph仓库

[root@ceph-admin ~]#  ./cephadm add-repo --release octopus

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ./cephadm add-repo --release octopus
如果配置了阿里云地址不需要做这步，会很慢
3个节点执行cephadm安装程序
执行安装脚本

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ./cephadm install
验证一下ceph已经在PATH中了

[root@ceph-admin ~]# which cephadm
/usr/sbin/cephadm
部署集群中第一个mon
root@ceph-admin ~]# mkdir -p /etc/ceph [root@ceph-admin ~]# cephadm bootstrap --mon-ip 第一个节点ip

上述两条指令会为我们完成以下工作：

创建mon
创建ssh key并且添加到 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys 文件
将集群间通信的最小配置写入/etc/ceph/ceph.conf
将client.admin管理secret密钥的副本写入/etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring。
将公用密钥的副本写入/etc/ceph/ceph.pub

cephadm shell命令在装有所有Ceph软件包的容器中启动bash shell。默认情况下，如果在主机上的/etc/ceph中找到配置文件和keyring文件，它们将被传递到容器环境中，从而使Shell可以正常运行。 若是在MON主机上执行时，cephadm Shell将使用MON容器的配置，而不是使用默认配置。 如果给出了–mount ，则主机 （文件或目录）将出现在容器内的/mnt下：为了方便使用，可以给cephadm shell换个名字

[root@ceph-admin ~]# alias ceph='cephadm shell -- ceph'
想要永久生效可以编辑/etc/bashrc
alias ceph='cephadm shell -- ceph'

添加新的节点到集群
如果要添加新的节点到集群，要将ssh 公钥推送到新的节点authorized_keys文件中

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ssh-copy-id -f -i /etc/ceph/ceph.pub root@ceph-node1
[root@ceph-admin ~]# ssh-copy-id -f -i /etc/ceph/ceph.pub root@ceph-node2

告诉Ceph，新节点是集群的一部分

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch host add ceph-node1
[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch host add ceph-node2

添加mon
一个典型的Ceph集群具有三个或五个分布在不同主机上的mon守护程序。 如果群集中有五个或更多节点，建议部署五个监视器。

当Ceph知道监视器应该使用哪个IP子网时，它可以随着群集的增长（或收缩）自动部署和扩展mon。 默认情况下，Ceph假定其他mon应使用与第一台mon的IP相同的子网。

如果的Ceph mon（或整个群集）位于单个子网中，则默认情况下，向群集中添加新主机时，cephadm会自动最多添加5个监视器。 无需其他步骤。

我本次3个节点，调整默认3个mon

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch apply mon 3
部署mon到指定节点

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch apply mon ceph-admin,ceph-node1,ceph-node2

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph mon dump
INFO:cephadm:Inferring fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
INFO:cephadm:Using recent ceph image ceph/ceph:v15
epoch 3
fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
last_changed 2020-06-19T01:46:37.153347+0000
created 2020-06-19T01:42:58.010834+0000
min_mon_release 15 (octopus)
0: [v2:10.10.128.174:3300/0,v1:10.10.128.174:6789/0] mon.ceph-admin
1: [v2:10.10.128.175:3300/0,v1:10.10.128.175:6789/0] mon.ceph-node1
2: [v2:10.10.128.176:3300/0,v1:10.10.128.176:6789/0] mon.ceph-node2
dumped monmap epoch 3

部署osd
需要满足以下所有条件，存储设备才被认为是可用的：

设备没有分区
设备不得具有任何LVM状态。
设备没有挂载
设备不包含任何文件系统
设备不包含ceph bluestore osd
设备必须大于5G
并且ceph不会在不可用的设备上创建osd。

可以找一块干净的设备通过下述命令创建osd

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch daemon add osd ceph-node2:/dev/vdb
INFO:cephadm:Inferring fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
INFO:cephadm:Using recent ceph image ceph/ceph:v15
Created osd(s) 0 on host 'ceph-admin'

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch daemon add osd ceph-admin:/dev/vdb
INFO:cephadm:Inferring fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
INFO:cephadm:Using recent ceph image ceph/ceph:v15
Created osd(s) 1 on host 'ceph-admin'

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch daemon add osd ceph-node1:/dev/vdb
INFO:cephadm:Inferring fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
INFO:cephadm:Using recent ceph image ceph/ceph:v15
Created osd(s) 2 on host 'ceph-node1'

查看osd列表

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph osd tree
INFO:cephadm:Inferring fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
INFO:cephadm:Using recent ceph image ceph/ceph:v15
ID CLASS WEIGHT TYPE NAME STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
-1 0.29306 root default
-5 0.09769 host ceph-admin
1 hdd 0.09769 osd.1 up 1.00000 1.00000
-7 0.09769 host ceph-node1
2 hdd 0.09769 osd.2 up 1.00000 1.00000
-3 0.09769 host ceph-node2
0 hdd 0.09769 osd.0 up 1.00000 1.00000

查看集群状态
这时我们的集群状态应该是ok了

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph -s
INFO:cephadm:Inferring fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
INFO:cephadm:Using recent ceph image ceph/ceph:v15
cluster:
id: 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
health: HEALTH_OK

services:
mon: 3 daemons, quorum ceph-admin,ceph-node1,ceph-node2 (age 24m)
mgr: ceph-admin.zlwsks(active, since 83m), standbys: ceph-node2.lylyez
osd: 3 osds: 3 up (since 42s), 3 in (since 42s)

data:
pools: 1 pools, 1 pgs
objects: 0 objects, 0 B
usage: 3.0 GiB used, 297 GiB / 300 GiB avail
pgs: 1 active+clean

部署RGWS
Cephadm将radosgw部署为管理特定realm和zone的守护程序的集合。 （有关领域和区域的更多信息，请参见多站点。）

请注意，使用cephadm时，radosgw守护程序是通过监视器配置数据库而不是通过ceph.conf或命令行来配置的。 如果该配置尚未就绪（通常在client.rgw。。部分中），那么radosgw守护程序将使用默认设置（例如，绑定到端口80）启动。

如果尚未创建realm，请首先创建一个realm：

[root@ceph-admin ~]# yum install ceph-common -y

[root@ceph-admin ~]# radosgw-admin realm create --rgw-realm=mytest --default
{
"id": "01784f23-a4cf-456b-b87a-b102c42b5699",
"name": "mytest",
"current_period": "97d080cb-a93f-441a-ae80-c1f59ee39c03",
"epoch": 1
}

然后创建新的zonegroup

[root@ceph-admin ~]# radosgw-admin zonegroup create --rgw-zonegroup=myzg --master --default
{
"id": "1f02e57e-1b2c-4d93-ae39-0bb4e43421d4",
"name": "myzg",
"api_name": "myzg",
"is_master": "true",
"endpoints": [],
"hostnames": [],
"hostnames_s3website": [],
"master_zone": "",
"zones": [],
"placement_targets": [],
"default_placement": "",
"realm_id": "01784f23-a4cf-456b-b87a-b102c42b5699",
"sync_policy": {
"groups": []
}
}

之后再zonegroup中创建zone

[root@ceph-admin ~]# radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zonegroup=myzg --rgw-zone=myzone --master --default
{
"id": "3710dde5-55a6-4fed-a5a8-cc85f9e0997f",
"name": "myzone",
"domain_root": "myzone.rgw.meta:root",
"control_pool": "myzone.rgw.control",
"gc_pool": "myzone.rgw.log:gc",
"lc_pool": "myzone.rgw.log:lc",
"log_pool": "myzone.rgw.log",
"intent_log_pool": "myzone.rgw.log:intent",
"usage_log_pool": "myzone.rgw.log:usage",
"roles_pool": "myzone.rgw.meta:roles",
"reshard_pool": "myzone.rgw.log:reshard",
"user_keys_pool": "myzone.rgw.meta:users.keys",
"user_email_pool": "myzone.rgw.meta:users.email",
"user_swift_pool": "myzone.rgw.meta:users.swift",
"user_uid_pool": "myzone.rgw.meta:users.uid",
"otp_pool": "myzone.rgw.otp",
"system_key": {
"access_key": "",
"secret_key": ""
},
"placement_pools": [
{
"key": "default-placement",
"val": {
"index_pool": "myzone.rgw.buckets.index",
"storage_classes": {
"STANDARD": {
"data_pool": "myzone.rgw.buckets.data"
}
},
"data_extra_pool": "myzone.rgw.buckets.non-ec",
"index_type": 0
}
}
],
"realm_id": "01784f23-a4cf-456b-b87a-b102c42b5699"
}

为特定的zone和realm部署一组radosgw程序

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch apply rgw mytest myzone --placement="1 ceph-node1"
INFO:cephadm:Inferring fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
INFO:cephadm:Using recent ceph image ceph/ceph:v15
Scheduled rgw.mytest.myzone update...

常用指令
显示当前的orchestrator模式和高级状态
[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch status
INFO:cephadm:Inferring fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
INFO:cephadm:Using recent ceph image ceph/ceph:v15
Backend: cephadm
Available: True

显示集群内的主机
[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch host ls
INFO:cephadm:Inferring fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
INFO:cephadm:Using recent ceph image ceph/ceph:v15
HOST ADDR LABELS STATUS
ceph-admin ceph-admin
ceph-node1 ceph-node1
ceph-node2 ceph-node2

添加/移除主机
ceph orch host add <hostname> [<addr>] [<labels>...]
ceph orch host rm <hostname>

也可以通过使用yaml文件,通过 ceph orch apply -i

---
service_type: host
addr: node-00
hostname: node-00
labels:
- example1
- example2
---
service_type: host
addr: node-01
hostname: node-01
labels:
- grafana
---
service_type: host
addr: node-02
hostname: node-02

显示发现的设备
[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch device ls
INFO:cephadm:Inferring fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
INFO:cephadm:Using recent ceph image ceph/ceph:v15
HOST PATH TYPE SIZE DEVICE AVAIL REJECT REASONS
ceph-admin /dev/vda hdd 100G 83662236981f4c5787c2 False LVM detected, Insufficient space (<5GB) on vgs, locked
ceph-admin /dev/vdb hdd 100G f42c3ceb3b7c437fabd0 False LVM detected, Insufficient space (<5GB) on vgs, locked
ceph-node2 /dev/vda hdd 100G 7d763f9c09b9468c9aeb False LVM detected, Insufficient space (<5GB) on vgs, locked
ceph-node2 /dev/vdb hdd 100G 5c59861ba0b14c648ecb False LVM detected, Insufficient space (<5GB) on vgs, locked
ceph-node1 /dev/vda hdd 100G 4e37baa77dc24ea791c3 False locked, Insufficient space (<5GB) on vgs, LVM detected
ceph-node1 /dev/vdb hdd 100G ce3612013e9242028113 False locked, Insufficient space (<5GB) on vgs, LVM detected

创建osd
ceph orch daemon add osd <host>:device1,device2
例如
[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch daemon add osd ceph-node2:/dev/vdb

移除osd

ceph orch osd rm <svc_id>... [--replace] [--force]
例如
ceph orch osd rm 4

查看service状态
[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch ls
INFO:cephadm:Inferring fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
INFO:cephadm:Using recent ceph image ceph/ceph:v15
NAME RUNNING REFRESHED AGE PLACEMENT IMAGE NAME IMAGE ID
alertmanager 1/1 10m ago 3h count:1 prom/alertmanager c876f5897d7b
crash 3/3 10m ago 3h * docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc
grafana 1/1 10m ago 3h count:1 ceph/ceph-grafana:latest 87a51ecf0b1c
mgr 2/2 10m ago 3h count:2 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc
mon 3/3 10m ago 3h ceph-admin,ceph-node1,ceph-node2 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc
node-exporter 3/3 10m ago 3h * prom/node-exporter 0e0218889c33
osd.all-available-devices 0/3 - - * <unknown> <unknown>
prometheus 1/1 10m ago 3h count:1 prom/prometheus:latest 39d1866a438a
rgw.mytest.myzone 1/1 10m ago 93m count:1 ceph-node1 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc

查看daemon 状态
[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch ps
INFO:cephadm:Inferring fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
INFO:cephadm:Using recent ceph image ceph/ceph:v15
NAME HOST STATUS REFRESHED AGE VERSION IMAGE NAME IMAGE ID CONTAINER ID
alertmanager.ceph-admin ceph-admin running (2h) 11m ago 3h 0.21.0 prom/alertmanager c876f5897d7b 1519fba800d1
crash.ceph-admin ceph-admin running (3h) 11m ago 3h 15.2.3 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc 96268d75560d
crash.ceph-node1 ceph-node1 running (3h) 11m ago 3h 15.2.3 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc 88b93a5fc13c
crash.ceph-node2 ceph-node2 running (3h) 11m ago 3h 15.2.3 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc f28bf8e226a5
grafana.ceph-admin ceph-admin running (3h) 11m ago 3h 6.6.2 ceph/ceph-grafana:latest 87a51ecf0b1c ffdc94b51b4f
mgr.ceph-admin.zlwsks ceph-admin running (3h) 11m ago 3h 15.2.3 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc f2f37c43ad33
mgr.ceph-node2.lylyez ceph-node2 running (2h) 11m ago 2h 15.2.3 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc 296c63eace2e
mon.ceph-admin ceph-admin running (3h) 11m ago 3h 15.2.3 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc 9b9fc8886759
mon.ceph-node1 ceph-node1 running (3h) 11m ago 3h 15.2.3 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc b44f80941aa2
mon.ceph-node2 ceph-node2 running (3h) 11m ago 3h 15.2.3 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc 583fadcf6429
node-exporter.ceph-admin ceph-admin running (3h) 11m ago 3h 1.0.1 prom/node-exporter 0e0218889c33 712293a35a3d
node-exporter.ceph-node1 ceph-node1 running (2h) 11m ago 3h 1.0.1 prom/node-exporter 0e0218889c33 5488146a5ec9
node-exporter.ceph-node2 ceph-node2 running (3h) 11m ago 3h 1.0.1 prom/node-exporter 0e0218889c33 610e82d9a2a2
osd.0 ceph-node2 running (3h) 11m ago 3h 15.2.3 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc 1ad0eaa85618
osd.1 ceph-admin running (3h) 11m ago 3h 15.2.3 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc 2efb75ec9216
osd.2 ceph-node1 running (2h) 11m ago 2h 15.2.3 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc ceff74685794
prometheus.ceph-admin ceph-admin running (2h) 11m ago 3h 2.19.0 prom/prometheus:latest 39d1866a438a bc21536e7852
rgw.mytest.myzone.ceph-node1.xykzap ceph-node1 running (93m) 11m ago 93m 15.2.3 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc 40f483714868

查看指定的daemon状态

ceph orch ps --daemon_type osd --daemon_id 0
例如
[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph orch ps --daemon_type mon --daemon_id ceph-node1
INFO:cephadm:Inferring fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
INFO:cephadm:Using recent ceph image ceph/ceph:v15
NAME HOST STATUS REFRESHED AGE VERSION IMAGE NAME IMAGE ID CONTAINER ID
mon.ceph-node1 ceph-node1 running (3h) 12m ago 3h 15.2.3 docker.io/ceph/ceph:v15 d72755c420bc b44f80941aa2

service/daemon 的Start/stop/reload
ceph orch service {stop,start,reload} <type> <name>

ceph orch daemon {start,stop,reload} <type> <daemon-id>
访问dashboard界面
在部署完成时，其实是可以看到一个可以通过 hostip:8443访问dashboard的地址。并且提供了用户名和密码。如果忘记了，可以通过重新设置admin的密码进行修改。

[root@ceph-admin ~]# ceph dashboard ac-user-set-password admin 123qweASD
INFO:cephadm:Inferring fsid 23db6d22-b1ce-11ea-b263-1e00940000dc
INFO:cephadm:Using recent ceph image ceph/ceph:v15
{"username": "admin", "password": "$2b$12$fLsTok.XZk0OxS/QlI/ZouXMzv7lorZPPN0qg5WKof9P3tsuLy8Xm", "roles": ["administr

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