任务1
源代码：
1 1 #pragma once 2 2 3 3 #include <iostream> 4 4 using std::cout; 5 5 using std::endl; 6 6 7 7 class Point { 8 8 public: 9 9 Point(int x0 = 0, int y0 = 0); 10 10 ~Point() = default; 11 11 12 12 int get_x() const; 13 13 int get_y() const; 14 14 void show() const; 15 15 void move(int new_x, int new_y); 16 16 17 17 private: 18 18 int x, y; 19 19 }; 20 20 21 21 Point::Point(int x0, int y0) : x{ x0 }, y{ y0 } { 22 22 } 23 23 24 24 int Point::get_x() const { 25 25 return x; 26 26 } 27 27 28 28 int Point::get_y() const { 29 29 return y; 30 30 } 31 31 32 32 void Point::show() const { 33 33 cout << "(" << x << "," << y << ")" << endl; 34 34 } 35 35 36 36 void Point::move(int new_x, int new_y) { 37 37 x = new_x; 38 38 y = new_y; 39 39 } 40 point.hpp
1 #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1 2 #include<iostream> 3 #include<vector> 4 #include"t.hpp" 5 using std::vector; 6 using std::cin; 7 // 输出vector<Point>对象内所有点的坐标 8 void output(const vector<Point>& v) 9 { 10 for (auto& t : v) 11 t.show(); 12 } 13 void test() { 14 int n; 15 cin >> n; 16 vector<Point> x(n); 17 cout << "x对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; 18 output(x); 19 vector<Point> y(x);// 基于vector<Point>对象x构建对象y 20 21 cout << "\nx对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; 22 output(y); 23 24 cout << "\n更新x对象: " << endl; 25 x.at(0).move(30, 50);// 更新对象x内索引为0的点对象坐标 26 27 x.push_back(Point(2, 2)); // 向x对象末尾添加一个点对象 28 29 cout << "\nx对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; 30 output(x); 31 cout << "\ny对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; 32 output(y); 33 } 34 35 int main() { 36 test(); 37 }
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任务2
源代码：
1 cout << "\n更新x对象中点坐标信息......" << endl; 2 x.at(0).move(30, 50); 3 x.at(1).move(-1, -1); 4 cout << "x对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; 5 output(x); 6 cout << "\ny对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; 7 output(y); 8 } 9 10 int main() { 11 test(); 12 }
1 #pragma once 2 #include "point.hpp" 3 #include <cassert> 4 #include <iostream> 5 6 class vectorPoint { 7 8 public: 9 vectorPoint(int n); 10 ~vectorPoint(); 11 12 int get_size() const;// 获得当前动态数组内元素个数 13 14 Point& at(int index);// 返回下标为index的元素引用 15 16 Point& at(int index) const; // 返回下标为index的元素const引用 17 private: 18 int size; // 动态数组的大小 19 20 Point* ptr; 21 }; 22 23 vectorPoint::vectorPoint(int n) : size{ n } { 24 ptr = new Point[n]; 25 } 26 27 vectorPoint::~vectorPoint() { 28 delete[] ptr; 29 } 30 31 int vectorPoint::get_size() const { 32 return size; 33 } 34 35 Point& vectorPoint::at(int index) { 36 assert(index >= 0 && index < size); // 宏，在测试模式下工作。如果不满足条件，则程序终止 37 38 return ptr[index]; 39 } 40 41 Point& vectorPoint::at(int index) const { 42 assert(index >= 0 && index < size); 43 return ptr[index]; 44 }
1 #include "vectorPoint.hpp" 2 #include <iostream> 3 4 void output(const vectorPoint &v) { 5 for(auto i = 0; i < v.get_size(); ++i) 6 v.at(i).show(); 7 } 8 9 void test() { 10 using namespace std; 11 12 int n; 13 cout << "输入vectorPoint对象中元素个数: "; 14 cin >> n; 15 16 vectorPoint x(n); 17 cout << "x对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; 18 output(x); 19 20 vectorPoint y(x); 21 cout << "\ny对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; 22 output(y); 23 24 cout << "\n更新x对象中点坐标信息......" << endl; 25 x.at(0).move(30, 50); 26 x.at(1).move(-1, -1); 27 28 cout << "x对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; 29 output(x); 30 31 cout << "\ny对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; 32 output(y); 33 } 34 35 int main() { 36 test(); 37 }
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任务3
源代码：
1 #pragma once 2 3 #include <iostream> 4 using std::cout; 5 using std::endl; 6 7 class Point { 8 public: 9 Point(int x0 = 0, int y0 = 0); 10 ~Point() = default; 11 12 int get_x() const; 13 int get_y() const; 14 void show() const; 15 void move(int new_x, int new_y); 16 17 private: 18 int x, y; 19 }; 20 21 Point::Point(int x0, int y0) : x{ x0 }, y{ y0 } { 22 } 23 24 int Point::get_x() const { 25 return x; 26 } 27 28 int Point::get_y() const { 29 return y; 30 } 31 32 void Point::show() const { 33 cout << "(" << x << ", " << y << ")" << endl; 34 } 35 36 void Point::move(int new_x, int new_y) { 37 x = new_x; 38 y = new_y; 39 }
1 #pragma once 2 3 #include "point.hpp" 4 #include <cassert> 5 #include <iostream> 6 7 class vectorPoint { 8 public: 9 vectorPoint(int n); 10 vectorPoint(const vectorPoint& vp); 11 ~vectorPoint(); 12 13 int get_size() const; // 获得当前动态数组内元素个数 14 Point& at(int index); // 返回下标为index的元素引用 15 Point& at(int index) const; // 返回下标为index的元素const引用 16 17 private: 18 int size; // 动态数组的大小 19 Point* ptr; 20 }; 21 22 vectorPoint::vectorPoint(int n) : size{ n } { 23 ptr = new Point[n]; 24 } 25 26 vectorPoint::vectorPoint(const vectorPoint& vp) : size{ vp.size }, ptr{ new Point[size] } { 27 for (auto i = 0; i < size; ++i) 28 ptr[i] = vp.ptr[i]; 29 } 30 31 vectorPoint::~vectorPoint() { 32 delete[] ptr; 33 } 34 35 int vectorPoint::get_size() const { 36 return size; 37 } 38 39 Point& vectorPoint::at(int index) { 40 assert(index >= 0 && index < size); // 宏，在测试模式下工作。如果不满足条件，则程序终止 41 return ptr[index]; 42 } 43 44 Point& vectorPoint::at(int index) const { 45 assert(index >= 0 && index < size); 46 return ptr[index]; 47 }
1 #include "vectorPoint.hpp" 2 #include <iostream> 3 4 // 输出vectorPoint对象内的所有数据 5 void output(const vectorPoint& v) { 6 for (auto i = 0; i < v.get_size(); ++i) 7 v.at(i).show(); 8 } 9 10 // 测试vectorPoint类：构造对象、复制构造对象 11 void test() { 12 using namespace std; 13 14 int n; 15 cout << "输入vectorPoint对象中元素个数: "; 16 cin >> n; 17 18 vectorPoint x(n); 19 cout << "x对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; 20 output(x); 21 22 vectorPoint y(x); 23 cout << "\ny对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; 24 output(y); 25 26 cout << "\n更新x对象中点坐标信息......" << endl; 27 x.at(0).move(30, 50); 28 x.at(1).move(-1, -1); 29 30 cout << "x对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; 31 output(x); 32 33 cout << "\ny对象中所有点坐标信息: " << endl; 34 output(y); 35 } 36 37 int main() { 38 test(); 39 }
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任务4
源代码：
1 #include <iostream> 2 3 using namespace std; 4 5 // 函数声明 6 7 void swap1(int& rx, int& ry); // 引用作为形参 8 9 void swap2(int* px, int* py); // 指针作为形参 10 11 void print(int x, int y); // 普通变量作为形参 12 13 // 测试代码 14 15 void test() { 16 int x = 3, y = 4; 17 print(x, y); 18 swap1(x, y); // 函数调用，注意：引用作为形参时，实参形式 19 20 print(x, y); 21 cout << endl; 22 x = 3, y = 4; 23 print(x, y); 24 swap2(&x, &y); // 函数调用，注意：指针作为形参时，实参形式 25 26 print(x, y); 27 } 28 29 int main() { 30 test(); 31 } 32 33 // 函数定义：交换两个变量（引用变量作为形参） 34 35 void swap1(int& rx, int& ry) { 36 int t; 37 t = rx; rx = ry; ry = t; 38 } 39 40 // 函数定义：交换两个变量（指针变量作为形参） 41 42 void swap2(int* px, int* py) { 43 int t; 44 t = *px; *px = *py; *py = t; 45 } 46 47 // 函数定义：输出两个变量（普通变量作为形参） 48 49 void print(int x, int y) { 50 std::cout << "x = " << x << ", y = " << y << "\n"; 51 }
1 #include <iostream> 2 #include <typeinfo> 3 4 using namespace std; 5 6 int main() { 7 int a; 8 9 int &ra = a; 10 ra = 4; 11 int *pa = &a; 12 *pa = 5; 13 // 以十六进制形式输出普通变量a, 引用变量ra，指针变量pa的地址 14 15 cout << "&a = " << hex << &a << endl; 16 cout << "&ra = " << hex << &ra << endl; 17 cout << "&pa = " << hex << &pa << "\n\n"; 18 19 // 输出普通变量a, 引用变量ra，指针变量pa的值 20 21 cout << "a = " << a << endl; 22 cout << "ra = " << a << endl; 23 cout << "pa = " << hex << pa << endl; 24 25 // 输出指针变量pa指向的变量的值 26 27 cout << "*pa = " << *pa << "\n\n"; 28 // 输出普通变量a，引用变量ra, 指针变量pa的类型信息 29 30 cout << "type a: " << typeid(a).name() << endl; 31 cout << "type ra: " << typeid(ra).name() << endl; 32 cout << "type pa: " << typeid(pa).name() << endl; 33 }
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实验5
运行测试：
源代码：
1 #include<iostream> 2 #include<cassert> 3 using namespace std; 4 //类的定义 5 class vectorInt { 6 public: 7 vectorInt(int n); 8 vectorInt(int n, int value); 9 vectorInt(const vectorInt& vi); 10 ~vectorInt(); 11 12 int get_size() const; 13 int& at(int index); 14 int& at(int index)const; 15 16 private: 17 int size; 18 int* p; 19 }; 20 21 //类的实现 22 23 vectorInt::vectorInt(int n) : size{ n }, p{ new int[n] } { 24 cout << "constructor vectorInt was called." << endl; 25 } 26 27 vectorInt::vectorInt(int n, int value) :size{ n }, p{ new int[n] } { 28 for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) 29 p[i] = value; 30 cout << "constructor vectorInt was called." << endl; 31 } 32 33 vectorInt::vectorInt(const vectorInt& vi) : size{ vi.size }, p{ new int[size] } { 34 for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) 35 p[i] = vi.p[i]; 36 cout << "copy constructor called." << endl; 37 } 38 39 vectorInt::~vectorInt() { 40 delete[] p; 41 cout << "destructor called." << endl; 42 } 43 44 int vectorInt::get_size() const { 45 return size; 46 } 47 48 int& vectorInt::at(int index) { 49 assert(index >= 0 && index < size); 50 return p[index]; 51 } 52 53 int& vectorInt::at(int index) const { 54 assert(index >= 0 && index < size); 55 return p[index]; 56 }
#include "vectorInt.hpp" #include <iostream> // 函数output()的定义：遍历输出vectorInt对象内的所有元素 void output(const vectorInt& vi) { // 待补足。。。 for (auto i = 0; i < vi.get_size(); ++i) cout << vi.at(i) << ", "; cout << "\b\b \n"; } void test() { int n; cout << "输入vectorInt对象中元素个数: "; cin >> n; vectorInt x1(n);// 构造动态int数组对象x1，包含n个元素，不对元素初始化 for (auto i = 0; i < n; ++i) x1.at(i) = i * i; cout << "vectorInt对象x1: "; output(x1); vectorInt x2(n, 42); // 构造动态int数组对象x1，包含n个元素，每个元素初始值为42 cout << "vectorInt对象x2: "; output(x2); vectorInt x3(x2);// 使用x2构造x3 cout << "vectorInt对象x3: "; output(x3); cout << "更新vectorInt对象x2......\n"; x2.at(0) = 77; x2.at(1) = -999; cout << "vectorInt对象x2: "; output(x2); cout << "vectorInt对象x3: "; output(x3); } int main() { test(); }
实验六
源代码：
1 #pragma once 2 #include <iostream> 3 #include <cassert> 4 5 using std::cout; 6 7 using std::endl; 8 9 // 类Matrix的声明 10 11 class Matrix { 12 13 public: 14 Matrix(int n, int m); // 构造函数，构造一个n*m的矩阵 15 16 Matrix(int n); // 构造函数，构造一个n*n的矩阵 17 18 Matrix(const Matrix& x); // 复制构造函数， 使用已有的矩阵X构造 19 20 ~Matrix(); 21 void set(const double* pvalue); // 用pvalue指向的连续内存块数据按行为矩阵赋值 22 void set(int i, int j, double value); // 设置矩阵对象索引(i,j)的元素值为value 23 double& at(int i, int j) const; // 返回矩阵对象索引(i,j)的元素引用 24 double& at(int i, int j); // 返回矩阵对象索引(i,j)的元素引用 25 int get_lines() const; // 返回矩阵对象行数 26 int get_cols() const; // 返回矩阵对象列数 27 void print() const; // 按行打印输出矩阵对象元素值 28 29 private: 30 int lines;// 矩阵对象内元素行数 31 32 int cols;// 矩阵对象内元素列数 33 34 double* ptr; 35 }; 36 37 // 类Matrix的实现：待补足 38 Matrix :: Matrix(int n,int m){ 39 ptr = new double[n * m]; 40 lines = n; 41 cols = m; 42 } 43 Matrix :: Matrix(int n){ 44 ptr = new double[n * n]; 45 lines = cols = n; 46 } 47 Matrix::Matrix(const Matrix& x) : lines(x.lines), cols(x.cols), ptr(new double[lines * cols]) { 48 for (int i = 0; i < lines; ++i) { 49 for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) { 50 ptr[i * cols + j] = x.ptr[i * cols + j]; 51 } 52 } 53 } 54 Matrix::~Matrix() { 55 delete[]ptr; 56 } 57 58 void Matrix::set(const double* pvalue) { 59 for (auto i = 0; i < lines * cols; ++i) 60 ptr[i] = pvalue[i]; 61 } 62 63 void Matrix::set(int i, int j, double value) { 64 ptr[i * cols + j] = value; 65 } 66 67 double& Matrix::at(int i, int j)const { 68 return ptr[i * cols + j]; 69 } 70 71 double& Matrix::at(int i, int j) { 72 return ptr[i * cols + j]; 73 } 74 75 int Matrix::get_cols()const { 76 return cols; 77 } 78 79 int Matrix::get_lines()const { 80 return lines; 81 } 82 83 void Matrix::print()const { 84 for (auto i = 0; i < lines; ++i) 85 { 86 for (auto j = 0; j < cols; ++j) 87 { 88 cout << ptr[i * cols + j] << ","; 89 } 90 cout << "\b \b\n"; 91 } 92 }
1 #include <iostream> 2 #include "matrix.hpp" 3 4 using namespace std; 5 6 const int N1 = 3; 7 8 const int N2 = 2; 9 10 // 输出一个矩阵对象中索引为index对应的行的所有元素值 11 12 void output(const Matrix& m, int index) { 13 for (auto j = 0; j < m.get_cols(); ++j) 14 cout << m.at(index, j) << ", "; 15 cout << "\b\b \n"; 16 } 17 18 void test() { 19 double x[N1 * N2] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }; 20 Matrix m1(N1, N2); // 创建一个N1×N2矩阵 21 22 m1.set(x); // 用一维数组x的值按行为矩阵m1赋值 23 24 cout << "矩阵对象m1: " << endl; 25 m1.print(); // 打印矩阵m1的值 26 27 cout << "矩阵对象m1第0行是: " << endl; 28 output(m1, 0); cout << endl; 29 Matrix m2(N2, N1); 30 m2.set(x); 31 cout << "矩阵对象m2: " << endl; 32 m2.print(); 33 cout << "矩阵对象m2第0行是: " << endl; 34 output(m2, 0); 35 cout << endl; 36 Matrix m3(m2); // 用矩阵m2构造新的矩阵m3 37 38 m3.set(0, 0, 999); // 讲矩阵对象m2索引(0,0)元素设为999 39 40 cout << "矩阵对象m3:" << endl; 41 m3.print(); 42 cout << endl; 43 Matrix m4(2); // 创建一个2*2矩阵对象 44 45 m4.set(x); // 用一维数组x的值按行为矩阵m4赋值 46 47 cout << "矩阵对象m4:" << endl; 48 m4.print(); 49 } 50 51 int main() { 52 test(); 53 }
实验截图：
