实验任务1
task1.cpp源码
task1_1.cpp:
#include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; //类A的定义 class A { public: A(int x0, int y0) : x{ x0 }, y{ y0 } {} void show() const { cout << x << "," << y << endl; } private: int x, y; }; //类B的定义 class B { public: B(double x0, double y0) : x{ x0 }, y{ y0 } {} void show() const { cout << x << "," << y << endl; } private: double x, y; }; void test() { A a(3, 4); a.show(); B b(3.2, 5.6); b.show(); } int main() { test(); }
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task1_2.cpp:
#include <iostream> #include <string> using std::cout; using std::endl; //定义模板类X template<typename T> class X { public: X(T x0, T y0) :x{ x0 }, y{ y0 } {} void show() const { cout << x << "," << y << endl; } private: T x, y; }; void test() { cout << "测试1：模板类抽象类型T用int实例化" << endl; X<int> x1(3, 4); x1.show(); cout << "\n测试2：模板类抽象类型T用double实例化" << endl; X<double> x2(3.2, 5.6); x2.show(); cout << "\n测试3：模板类抽象类型T用标准库中的string实例化" << endl; X<std::string> x3("hello", "c plus plus"); x3.show(); } int main() { test(); }
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task2.cpp源码
task2_1,.cpp:
#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <limits> using namespace std; int main() { const int n = 10; string prompt = string(n, '*') + "Enter a string: " + string(n, '*') + '\n'; cout << "测试1:"; cout << prompt; string s1; cin >> s1; //从输入流中提取字符串给s1，碰到空格、回车、Tab键即结束 cout << "s1: " << s1 << endl; cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n'); //清空缓冲区 cout << "\n测试2: "; cout << prompt; getline(cin, s1); //从输入流中提取字符串给s1，直到换行 cout << "s1: " << s1 << endl; cout << "\n测试3:"; string s2, s3; cout << prompt; getline(cin, s2, ' '); //从输入流中提取字符串给s2，直到换行 getline(cin, s3); cout << "s2: " << s2 << endl; cout << "s3: " << s3 << endl; }
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task2_2.cpp:
#include <iostream> #include <string> int main() { using namespace std; string s; cout << "Enter words: \n"; //重复录入字符串，将小写字符转换为大写，直到按下ctrl+z while (getline(cin, s)) { for (auto& ch : s) ch = toupper(ch); cout << s << "\n"; } }
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task2_3.cpp:
#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <algorithm> int main() { using namespace std; string s1; cout << "Enter words: \n"; getline(cin, s1); cout << "original words: \n"; cout << s1 << endl; cout << "to uppercase: \n"; transform(s1.begin(), s1.end(), s1.begin(), ::toupper); cout << s1 << endl; }
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task2_4.cpp:
#include <iostream> #include <string> int main() { using namespace std; string s1, s2; s1 = "nuist"; s1[0] = 'N'; s1.at(1) = 'U'; cout << boolalpha << (s1 == "nuist") << endl; cout << s1.length() << endl; cout << s1.size() << endl; s2 = s1 + ", 2050"; cout << s2 << endl; string email{ "xyz@gmail.com" }; auto pos = email.find("@"); if (pos == string::npos) cout << "illegal email address"; else { auto s1 = email.substr(0, pos); auto s2 = email.substr(pos + 1); cout << s1 << endl; cout << s2 << endl; } string phone{ "15216982937" }; cout << phone.replace(3, 5, string(5, '*')) << endl; string s3{ "cosmos" }, s4{ "galaxy" }; cout << "s3: " + s3 + "s4: " + s4 << endl; s3.swap(s4); cout << "s3: " + s3 + "s4: " + s4 << endl; string s5{ "abc" }; const char* pstr = s5.c_str(); cout << pstr << endl; string s6{ "12306" }; int x1 = stoi(s6); cout << x1 << endl; int x2 = 12306; string s7 = to_string(x2); cout << s7 << endl; double x3 = 123.06; string s8 = to_string(x3); cout << s8 << endl; }
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task3.cpp源码
task3_1.cpp:
#include <iostream> #include <vector> template<typename T> void output(const T& obj) { for (auto& item : obj) std::cout << item << ","; std::cout << "\b\b \n"; } int main() { using namespace std; vector<int> v1; vector<int> v2(5); vector<int> v3(5, 42); vector<int> v4{ 1, 9, 8, 4 }; vector<int> v5{ v4 }; output(v2); output(v3); output(v4); output(v5); }
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task3_2.cpp:
#include <iostream> #include <vector> using std::cout; using std::endl; using std::vector; void output(const vector<int>& v) { cout << "v.size() = " << v.size() << endl; cout << "v.capacity() = " << v.capacity() << endl; cout << endl; } int main() { vector<int> v{ 42 }; output(v); v.push_back(55); v.push_back(90); output(v); for (auto i = 0; i < 8; i++) v.push_back(i); output(v); v.pop_back(); output(v); }
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task4.cpp源码
task4.cpp:
#include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <array> #include <string> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; // 函数模板 // 通过索引方式输出对象值 template<typename T> void output1(const T& obj) { for (auto i = 0; i < obj.size(); ++i) cout << obj.at(i) << ", "; cout << "\b\b \n"; } // 函数模板 // 通过迭代器方式输出对象值 template<typename T> void output2(const T& obj) { for (auto p = obj.cbegin(); p != obj.cend(); ++p) cout << *p << ", "; cout << "\b\b \n"; } // 函数模板 // 通过auto for方式输出对象值 template<typename T> void output3(const T& obj) { for (auto& item : obj) cout << item << ", "; cout << "\b\b \n"; } // 测试string类对象 void test1() { string s1{ "cplus" }; output1(s1); reverse(s1.begin(), s1.end()); // 对对象s1中的数据项进行翻转 output2(s1); sort(s1.begin(), s1.end()); // 对对象s1中的数据项排序(默认升序) output3(s1); } // 测试array<int>类对象 void test2() { array< array<int, 4>, 3> x{ 1, 9, 8, 4, 2, 0, 2, 3, 2, 0, 4, 9 }; output1(x.at(0)); output2(x.at(1)); output3(x.at(2)); } // 测试vector<string>类对象 void test3() { vector<string> v1{ "Sheldon", "Leonard", "Howard", "Raj" }; v1.push_back("Penny"); v1.push_back("Amy"); output1(v1); sort(v1.begin(), v1.end(), std::greater<string>()); // 对v1对象中的字符串按降序排序 output2(v1); reverse(v1.begin(), v1.end()); // 对v1对象中的字符串翻转 output3(v1); } int main() { cout << "测试1: " << endl; test1(); cout << "测试2: " << endl; test2(); cout << "测试3: " << endl; test3(); }
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task5.cpp源码
textcoder.hpp：
#include<iostream> #include<string> using std::string; class TextCoder { private: string text; void encoder(){ for (char& c : text) { if (isalpha(c)) { if (islower(c)) { c = ((c - 'a' + 7) % 26) + 'a'; } else { c = ((c - 'A' + 7) % 26) + 'A'; } } } } void decoder(){ for (char& c : text) { if (isalpha(c)) { if (islower(c)) { c = ((c - 'a' - 7) % 26) + 'a'; } else { c = ((c - 'A' - 7) % 26) + 'A'; } } } } }; public: TextCoder(string &str): text{str} {}; TextCoder(const TextCoder &t): text{t.text} {}; string get_ciphertext() { encoder(); return text; } string get_deciphertext() { decoder(); return text; } };
task5.cpp
#include "textcoder.hpp" #include <iostream> #include <string> void test() { using namespace std; string text, encoded_text, decoded_text; cout << "输入英文文本: "; while (getline(cin, text)) { encoded_text = TextCoder(text).get_ciphertext(); // 这里使用的是临时无名对象 cout << "加密后英文文本:\t" << encoded_text << endl; decoded_text = TextCoder(encoded_text).get_deciphertext(); // 这里使用的是临时无名对象 cout << "解密后英文文本:\t" << decoded_text << endl; cout << "\n输入英文文本: "; } } int main() { test(); }
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task6.cpp源码
task6.cpp：
#include<iostream> #include<string> #include<vector> #include "info.hpp" const int capacity = 100; int main() { vector<Info> audience_info_list; cout << "录入信息：" << endl; cout << endl; cout << "昵称 联系方式(邮箱/手机号) 所在城市 预定参加人数 " << endl; char choice; int sum=0; string nickname, contact, city; int n; while(cin >> nickname >> contact >> city >> n) { sum+=n; if(sum > capacity) { sum-=n; cout << "对不起，只剩" << capacity-sum << "个位置" << endl; cout << "1.输入u，更新（update）预定信息" << endl << "2.输入q, 退出预定" << endl <<"你的选择: "; cin >> choice; if(choice=='u') { cin >> nickname >> contact >> city >> n; Info a(nickname,contact,city,n); audience_info_list.push_back(a); sum+=n; } else break; } else audience_info_list.push_back(Info(nickname, contact, city, n)); } cout << "截至目前，一共有" << sum << "位听众预定参加。预定听众信息如下：" << endl; for(auto &Info:audience_info_list) { Info.print(); } }
info.hpp:
#include <iostream> using namespace std; class Info { private: string nickname; string contact; string city; int n; public: Info(string nickname, string contact, string city, int n) : nickname{nickname}, contact{contact}, city{city}, n{n} {}; print() { cout << "昵称： " << nickname << endl; cout << "联系方式：" << contact << endl; cout << "所在城市: " << city << endl; cout << "预定人数； " << n <<endl; } };
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