Docker常用命令
常规帮助启动类命令
- 启|停|重启|状态|开机自启命令
systemctl start|stop|restart|status|enable docker
- 查看docker概要信息
docker info
- 查看docker总体帮助文档
docker --help
- 查看docker命令帮助文档
docker 具体命令 --help
镜像命令
docker images
- 查看本地镜像列表
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest 9c7a54a9a43c 7 months ago 13.3kB
各选项说明：
| 选项名 | 意思 |
|---|---|
| REPOSITORY | 表示镜像的仓库源 |
| TAG | 镜像的标签版本号 |
| IMAGE ID | 镜像ID |
| CREATED | 镜像创建时间 |
| SIZE | 镜像大小 |
同意仓库源可以有多个TAG版本，代表这个仓库源的不同版本，我们使用REPOSITORY:TAG来定义不同的镜像。如果不指定一个镜像版本标签，列如你只使用hello-wold，docker将默认使用hello-world:latest镜像。
- 参数说明
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker images --help
Usage: docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
List images
Aliases:
docker image ls, docker image list, docker images
Options:
-a, --all Show all images (default hides intermediate images)
--digests Show digests
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
--format string Format output using a custom template:
'table': Print output in table format with
column headers (default)
'table TEMPLATE': Print output in table format using
the given Go template
'json': Print in JSON format
'TEMPLATE': Print output using the given Go
template.
Refer to https://docs.docker.com/go/formatting/ for more
information about formatting output with templates
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
-q, --quiet Only show image IDs
-a ：列出本地所有的镜像（含历史映像层）
-q ：只显示镜像ID
docker search
- 查找某个镜像信息
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker search hello-world
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
hello-world Hello World! (an example of minimal Dockeriz… 2152 [OK]
rancher/hello-world This container image is no longer maintained… 6
okteto/hello-world 0
tacc/hello-world 0
armswdev/c-hello-world Simple hello-world C program on Alpine Linux… 0
tutum/hello-world Image to test docker deployments. Has Apache… 90 [OK]
thomaspoignant/hello-world-rest-json This project is a REST hello-world API to bu… 2
kitematic/hello-world-nginx A light-weight nginx container that demonstr… 152
dockercloud/hello-world Hello World! 20 [OK]
ansibleplaybookbundle/hello-world-apb An APB which deploys a sample Hello World! a… 1 [OK]
ansibleplaybookbundle/hello-world-db-apb An APB which deploys a sample Hello World! a… 2 [OK]
crccheck/hello-world Hello World web server in under 2.5 MB 20 [OK]
strimzi/hello-world-consumer 0
strimzi/hello-world-producer 0
businessgeeks00/hello-world-nodejs 0
koudaiii/hello-world 0
freddiedevops/hello-world-spring-boot 0
strimzi/hello-world-streams 0
garystafford/hello-world Simple hello-world Spring Boot service for t… 0 [OK]
ppc64le/hello-world Hello World! (an example of minimal Dockeriz… 2
tsepotesting123/hello-world 0
kevindockercompany/hello-world 0
dandando/hello-world-dotnet 0
vad1mo/hello-world-rest A simple REST Service that echoes back all t… 7 [OK]
infrastructureascode/hello-world A tiny "Hello World" web server with a healt… 1 [OK]
各选项说明
| 选项 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| NAME | 镜像名称 |
| DESCRIPTION | 镜像说明 |
| STARS | 点赞数量 |
| OFFICIAL | 是否是官当的 |
| OFFICIAL | 是否是自动构建的 |
- 参数说明
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker search --help
Usage: docker search [OPTIONS] TERM
Search Docker Hub for images
Options:
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
--format string Pretty-print search using a Go template
--limit int Max number of search results
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
查找redis点赞数前5的镜像
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker search --limit 5 redis
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
redis Redis is an open source key-value store that… 12540 [OK]
redislabs/redisearch Redis With the RedisSearch module pre-loaded… 61
redislabs/redisinsight RedisInsight - The GUI for Redis 94
redis/redis-stack-server redis-stack-server installs a Redis server w… 62
redis/redis-stack redis-stack installs a Redis server with add… 85
docker pull
- 下载镜像
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest 9c7a54a9a43c 7 months ago 13.3kB
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker pull ubuntu
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu
7b1a6ab2e44d: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:626ffe58f6e7566e00254b638eb7e0f3b11d4da9675088f4781a50ae288f3322
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest
docker.io/library/ubuntu:latest
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest 9c7a54a9a43c 7 months ago 13.3kB
ubuntu latest ba6acccedd29 2 years ago 72.8MB
docker pull不指定版本也是默认拉去最新的latest
- 下载指定版本
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker pull redis:6.0.8
6.0.8: Pulling from library/redis
bb79b6b2107f: Pull complete
1ed3521a5dcb: Pull complete
5999b99cee8f: Pull complete
3f806f5245c9: Pull complete
f8a4497572b2: Pull complete
eafe3b6b8d06: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:21db12e5ab3cc343e9376d655e8eabbdbe5516801373e95a8a9e66010c5b8819
Status: Downloaded newer image for redis:6.0.8
docker.io/library/redis:6.0.8
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest 9c7a54a9a43c 7 months ago 13.3kB
ubuntu latest ba6acccedd29 2 years ago 72.8MB
redis 6.0.8 16ecd2772934 3 years ago 104MB
- 参数说明
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker pull --help
Usage: docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG|@DIGEST]
Download an image from a registry
Aliases:
docker image pull, docker pull
Options:
-a, --all-tags Download all tagged images in the repository
--disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true)
--platform string Set platform if server is multi-platform capable
-q, --quiet Suppress verbose output
docker system df
查看镜像/容器/数据卷所占的空间
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker system df
TYPE TOTAL ACTIVE SIZE RECLAIMABLE
Images 3 1 177MB 177MB (99%)
Containers 3 0 0B 0B
Local Volumes 0 0 0B 0B
Build Cache 0 0 0B 0B
docker rmi
- 删除某个镜像文件:docker rmi 镜像文件ID
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest 9c7a54a9a43c 7 months ago 13.3kB
ubuntu latest ba6acccedd29 2 years ago 72.8MB
redis 6.0.8 16ecd2772934 3 years ago 104MB
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker rmi 9c7a54a9a43c
Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 9c7a54a9a43c (must be forced) - image is being used by stopped container 9d0534274667
这里提示一定要强制删除，因为该镜像正在被某个容器使用
- 使用 -f 强制删除
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker rmi -f 9c7a54a9a43c
Untagged: hello-world:latest
Untagged: hello-world@sha256:c79d06dfdfd3d3eb04cafd0dc2bacab0992ebc243e083cabe208bac4dd7759e0
Deleted: sha256:9c7a54a9a43cca047013b82af109fe963fde787f63f9e016fdc3384500c2823d
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
ubuntu latest ba6acccedd29 2 years ago 72.8MB
redis 6.0.8 16ecd2772934 3 years ago 104MB
- 删除多个镜像
docker rmi -f 镜像名1:TAG 镜像名2:TAG
- 删除全部
docker rmi -f $(docker images -qa)
通过$(docker images -qa)返回全部镜像ID
面试题：谈谈docker虚悬镜像是什么
什么是docker虚悬镜像：即仓库名、标签都是<none>的镜像，俗称虚悬镜像dangling image。一般docker在拉取镜像构建时失败的时候会出现这种情况，拉取后发现存在，删除重拉就行了
具体长什么样：
容器命令
docker run
首次运行一个容器
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker run --help
Usage: docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
Create and run a new container from an image
Aliases:
docker container run, docker run
Options:
--add-host list Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
--annotation map Add an annotation to the container (passed
through to the OCI runtime) (default map[])
-a, --attach list Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
--blkio-weight uint16 Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and
1000, or 0 to disable (default 0)
--blkio-weight-device list Block IO weight (relative device weight)
(default [])
--cap-add list Add Linux capabilities
--cap-drop list Drop Linux capabilities
--cgroup-parent string Optional parent cgroup for the container
--cgroupns string Cgroup namespace to use (host|private)
'host': Run the container in the Docker
host's cgroup namespace
'private': Run the container in its own
private cgroup namespace
'': Use the cgroup namespace as
configured by the
default-cgroupns-mode option on
the daemon (default)
--cidfile string Write the container ID to the file
--cpu-period int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler)
period
--cpu-quota int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota
--cpu-rt-period int Limit CPU real-time period in microseconds
--cpu-rt-runtime int Limit CPU real-time runtime in microseconds
-c, --cpu-shares int CPU shares (relative weight)
--cpus decimal Number of CPUs
--cpuset-cpus string CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
--cpuset-mems string MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
-d, --detach Run container in background and print
container ID
--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a
container
--device list Add a host device to the container
--device-cgroup-rule list Add a rule to the cgroup allowed devices list
--device-read-bps list Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a
device (default [])
--device-read-iops list Limit read rate (IO per second) from a
device (default [])
--device-write-bps list Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a
device (default [])
--device-write-iops list Limit write rate (IO per second) to a
device (default [])
--disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true)
--dns list Set custom DNS servers
--dns-option list Set DNS options
--dns-search list Set custom DNS search domains
--domainname string Container NIS domain name
--entrypoint string Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
-e, --env list Set environment variables
--env-file list Read in a file of environment variables
--expose list Expose a port or a range of ports
--gpus gpu-request GPU devices to add to the container ('all'
to pass all GPUs)
--group-add list Add additional groups to join
--health-cmd string Command to run to check health
--health-interval duration Time between running the check (ms|s|m|h)
(default 0s)
--health-retries int Consecutive failures needed to report unhealthy
--health-start-period duration Start period for the container to
initialize before starting health-retries
countdown (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-timeout duration Maximum time to allow one check to run
(ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--help Print usage
-h, --hostname string Container host name
--init Run an init inside the container that
forwards signals and reaps processes
-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached
--ip string IPv4 address (e.g., 172.30.100.104)
--ip6 string IPv6 address (e.g., 2001:db8::33)
--ipc string IPC mode to use
--isolation string Container isolation technology
--kernel-memory bytes Kernel memory limit
-l, --label list Set meta data on a container
--label-file list Read in a line delimited file of labels
--link list Add link to another container
--link-local-ip list Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local addresses
--log-driver string Logging driver for the container
--log-opt list Log driver options
--mac-address string Container MAC address (e.g., 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
-m, --memory bytes Memory limit
--memory-reservation bytes Memory soft limit
--memory-swap bytes Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1'
to enable unlimited swap
--memory-swappiness int Tune container memory swappiness (0 to
100) (default -1)
--mount mount Attach a filesystem mount to the container
--name string Assign a name to the container
--network network Connect a container to a network
--network-alias list Add network-scoped alias for the container
--no-healthcheck Disable any container-specified HEALTHCHECK
--oom-kill-disable Disable OOM Killer
--oom-score-adj int Tune host's OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000)
--pid string PID namespace to use
--pids-limit int Tune container pids limit (set -1 for
unlimited)
--platform string Set platform if server is multi-platform
capable
--privileged Give extended privileges to this container
-p, --publish list Publish a container's port(s) to the host
-P, --publish-all Publish all exposed ports to random ports
--pull string Pull image before running ("always",
"missing", "never") (default "missing")
-q, --quiet Suppress the pull output
--read-only Mount the container's root filesystem as
read only
--restart string Restart policy to apply when a container
exits (default "no")
--rm Automatically remove the container when it
exits
--runtime string Runtime to use for this container
--security-opt list Security Options
--shm-size bytes Size of /dev/shm
--sig-proxy Proxy received signals to the process
(default true)
--stop-signal string Signal to stop the container
--stop-timeout int Timeout (in seconds) to stop a container
--storage-opt list Storage driver options for the container
--sysctl map Sysctl options (default map[])
--tmpfs list Mount a tmpfs directory
-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY
--ulimit ulimit Ulimit options (default [])
-u, --user string Username or UID (format:
<name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
--userns string User namespace to use
--uts string UTS namespace to use
-v, --volume list Bind mount a volume
--volume-driver string Optional volume driver for the container
--volumes-from list Mount volumes from the specified container(s)
-w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container
参数解释
| 参数 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| --name="容器新名字" | 为容器指定一个名称，如果为指定，则会随机给个名称 |
| -d | 后台运行容器并返回容器ID，也即启动守护式容器（后台运行） |
| -i | 以交互模式运行容器，通常与-t同时使用 |
| -t | 为容器重新分配一个伪输入终端，通常与-i同时使用。二者搭配也即启功交互式容器（前台有伪终端，等待交互） |
| -P | 随机端口映射。大写P |
| -p | 指定端口映射。小写p |
- 前台交互式启动
docker run -it IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
- 后台守护式启动
docker run -d IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
Docker容器后台运行，就必须有一个前台进程。容器运行的命令如果不是那些一直挂起的命令（比如运行top，tail），就会自动退出。
用docker模拟一个ubuntu系统
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
ubuntu latest ba6acccedd29 2 years ago 72.8MB
redis 6.0.8 16ecd2772934 3 years ago 104MB
[root@TestMachine ~]#
[root@TestMachine ~]#
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker run -it ubuntu:latest /bin/bash
root@b6019d9ad162:/#
[root@TestMachine ~]#
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker run -it ubuntu:latest /bin/bash
root@b6019d9ad162:/# ps -ef
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 1 0 0 14:26 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/bash
root 9 1 0 14:29 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef
root@b6019d9ad162:/# ls
bin dev home lib32 libx32 mnt proc run srv tmp var
boot etc lib lib64 media opt root sbin sys usr
root@b6019d9ad162:/#
- b6019d9ad162：为容器ID
- /bin/bash：表示交互式容器内执行的命令。exit退出终端
docker ps
列出所有正常运行的容器实例
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
b6019d9ad162 ubuntu:latest "/bin/bash" 5 minutes ago Up 5 minutes epic_jang
选项意思
| 选项 | 解释 |
|---|---|
| CONTAINER ID | 容器实例ID |
| IMAGE | 镜像名 |
| COMMAND | 执行的命令 |
| CREATED | 创建时间 |
| STATUS | 运行状态 |
| PORTS | 端口。当前没有 |
| NAMES | 容器名称。未指定的会随机生成 |
启动一个带名称的容器
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker run -it --name=myu1 ubuntu bash
root@f0aa44e29730:/#
再开一个终端窗口，查看状态
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
f0aa44e29730 ubuntu "bash" About a minute ago Up About a minute myu1
b6019d9ad162 ubuntu:latest "/bin/bash" 15 minutes ago Up 15 minutes epic_jang
- 参数说明
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker ps --help
Usage: docker ps [OPTIONS]
List containers
Aliases:
docker container ls, docker container list, docker container ps, docker ps
Options:
-a, --all Show all containers (default shows just running)
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
--format string Format output using a custom template:
'table': Print output in table format with
column headers (default)
'table TEMPLATE': Print output in table format using
the given Go template
'json': Print in JSON format
'TEMPLATE': Print output using the given Go
template.
Refer to https://docs.docker.com/go/formatting/ for more
information about formatting output with templates
-n, --last int Show n last created containers (includes all states)
(default -1)
-l, --latest Show the latest created container (includes all states)
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
-q, --quiet Only display container IDs
-s, --size Display total file sizes
-a：列出当前所有正在运行的容器 + 历史上运行过的
-i：显示最近创建的容器
-n：显示最近n个创建的容器
-q：静默模式，只显示容器编号
退出容器
- exit：退出并终止容器
- ctrl + p + q：退出容器，但不终止容器运行
进出容器
- 后台运行redis容器
docker run -d redis:6.0.8
- 查看当前运行的容器有哪些
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ff8b851cb33e redis:6.0.8 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 6379/tcp keen_gould
思考：为什么这里后台运行了redis，但没有终止，而后台运行ubunu、centos这类容器，如果没有执行挂起命令就会立马终止。
- 进入容器
语法：docker exec -it 容器ID bashShell
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker exec -it ff8b851cb33e /bin/bash
root@ff8b851cb33e:/data#
- 退出容器
这里通过exit退出容器
root@ff8b851cb33e:/data# exit
exit
- 查看当前运行容器的状态
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ff8b851cb33e redis:6.0.8 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 6379/tcp keen_gould
- 再次进入容器
进入容器docker提供了两种方法，这里使用attach方法
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker attach ef2f039f8d5d
此时会发现什么也没有，因为attach会进入容器正在执行的终端，这里重新创建一个ubuntu容器，注意观察变化
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker run -it ubuntu /bin/bash
root@9221d499fc83:/# [root@TestMachine ~]#
[root@TestMachine ~]#
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
9221d499fc83 ubuntu "/bin/bash" 5 seconds ago Up 4 seconds hopeful_robinson
[root@TestMachine ~]#
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker attach 9221d499fc83
root@9221d499fc83:/# exit
exit
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@TestMachine ~]#
- 总结
attach直接进入容器启动命令终端，不会启动新进程，用exit退出，会导致容器的终止。
exec是在容器中打开新的终端，并且可以启动新的进程，用exit退出时，不会导致容器的停止。
容器启|重启|停|强制停|删
docker start|restart|stop|kill|rm 容器ID或容器名字
- start：启动已停止运行的容器
- restart：重启容器
- stop：停止容器
- kill：强制停止容器
- rm：删除已停止容器。注意：
rmi是删除镜像，rm是删除容器，同rmi一样，后接-f表示强制删除
删除多个容器
docker rm -f $(docker ps -a -q)
docker ps -a -q | xargs docker rm
查看容器日志
docler logs 容器id/容器名字
具体命令：
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker logs --help
Usage: docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
Fetch the logs of a container
Aliases:
docker container logs, docker logs
Options:
--details Show extra details provided to logs
-f, --follow Follow log output
--since string Show logs since timestamp (e.g. "2013-01-02T13:23:37Z") or
relative (e.g. "42m" for 42 minutes)
-n, --tail string Number of lines to show from the end of the logs (default
"all")
-t, --timestamps Show timestamps
--until string Show logs before a timestamp (e.g. "2013-01-02T13:23:37Z")
or relative (e.g. "42m" for 42 minutes)
查看容器内部运行的进程
docker top 容器id/容器名字
查看容器内部细节
docker inspect 容器id/容器名字
将容器的数据拷贝到主机上
语法：docker cp 容器ID:容器文件路径 主机路径
root@dadd750d2430:/# cd tmp/
root@dadd750d2430:/tmp# ll
total 0
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 6 Oct 6 2021 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6 Dec 25 12:37 ../
root@dadd750d2430:/tmp# touch test.txt
root@dadd750d2430:/tmp# ll
total 0
drwxrwxrwt 1 root root 22 Dec 25 12:38 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 17 Dec 25 12:37 ../
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Dec 25 12:38 test.txt
root@dadd750d2430:/tmp# [root@TestMachine ~]#
[root@TestMachine ~]#
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
dadd750d2430 ubuntu "/bin/bash" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes wonderful_grothendieck
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker cp dadd750d2430:/tmp/test.txt /
Successfully copied 1.54kB to /
[root@TestMachine ~]# ll
total 3444
-rw-------. 1 root root 2757 Nov 21 11:37 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 26024 Apr 25 2019 mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
-rw-------. 1 root root 2037 Nov 21 11:37 original-ks.cfg
drwxrwxr-x. 8 pzb pzb 4096 Nov 1 20:38 redis-stable
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3477620 Nov 1 20:40 redis-stable.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7 Dec 6 22:07 test.txt
[root@TestMachine ~]#
反之从主机导到容器
容器的导入导出
- 导出容器
export导出容器的内容留作为一个tar归档文件 [对应import命令]
docker export 容器ID > 文件名.tar
- 导入容器
import从tar包中的内容创建一个新的文件系统再导入为镜像 [对应export]
cat 文件名.tar | docker import - 镜像用户/镜像名:镜像版本号
导入导出场景案例：备份容器|容器发生误删情况
- 备份容器
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker export dadd750d2430 > ubuntuImage.tar
[root@TestMachine ~]# ll
total 76844
-rw-------. 1 root root 2757 Nov 21 11:37 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 26024 Apr 25 2019 mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
-rw-------. 1 root root 2037 Nov 21 11:37 original-ks.cfg
drwxrwxr-x. 8 pzb pzb 4096 Nov 1 20:38 redis-stable
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3477620 Nov 1 20:40 redis-stable.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Dec 25 21:14 test2.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7 Dec 6 22:07 test.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 75158528 Dec 25 21:19 ubuntuImage.tar
- 容器被人强制删除，里面数据很重要
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker rm -f dadd750d2430
dadd750d2430
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
ubuntu latest ba6acccedd29 2 years ago 72.8MB
redis 6.0.8 16ecd2772934 3 years ago 104MB
- 将备份的容器导入到镜像中
[root@TestMachine ~]# cat ubuntuImage.tar | docker import - zb/ubuntu:1.0.0
sha256:de55d722c8adbc6990bdc479ce154fb0ef1ed7e31567410f5afc48472074e4ca
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
zb/ubuntu 1.0.0 de55d722c8ad 5 seconds ago 72.8MB
ubuntu latest ba6acccedd29 2 years ago 72.8MB
redis 6.0.8 16ecd2772934 3 years ago 104MB
- 验证容器内的数据是否还存在
[root@TestMachine ~]# docker run -it zb/ubuntu:1.0.0 /bin/bash
root@bdc04fc48b66:/# cd tmp/
root@bdc04fc48b66:/tmp# ll
total 0
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 39 Dec 25 13:15 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6 Dec 25 13:30 ../
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Dec 25 12:38 test.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Dec 25 13:14 test2.txt
root@bdc04fc48b66:/tmp#