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ruby实战手册（8）

发布时间 2023-08-11 11:17:06作者: 水宝石

目录

nginx配置

  • Unicorn
    Unicorn 是一个为运行 Rack 应用的 HTTP 服务器。Unicorn 是一个利用 Unix 的高级特性开发的，只为具备低延迟，高带宽的连接的客户服务的 HTTP 服务器软件。
$ gem install unicorn

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unicorn.rb

# Sample verbose configuration file for Unicorn (not Rack)
#
# This configuration file documents many features of Unicorn
# that may not be needed for some applications. See
# https://yhbt.net/unicorn/examples/unicorn.conf.minimal.rb
# for a much simpler configuration file.
#
# See https://yhbt.net/unicorn/Unicorn/Configurator.html for complete
# documentation.

# Use at least one worker per core if you're on a dedicated server,
# more will usually help for _short_ waits on databases/caches.
worker_processes 4

# Since Unicorn is never exposed to outside clients, it does not need to
# run on the standard HTTP port (80), there is no reason to start Unicorn
# as root unless it's from system init scripts.
# If running the master process as root and the workers as an unprivileged
# user, do this to switch euid/egid in the workers (also chowns logs):
# user "unprivileged_user", "unprivileged_group"

# Help ensure your application will always spawn in the symlinked
# "current" directory that Capistrano sets up.
working_directory "/home/maisipu/rubyweb/app/current" # available in 0.94.0+

# listen on both a Unix domain socket and a TCP port,
# we use a shorter backlog for quicker failover when busy
listen "/home/maisipu/rubyweb/.unicorn.sock", :backlog => 64
listen 8080, :tcp_nopush => true

# nuke workers after 30 seconds instead of 60 seconds (the default)
timeout 30

# feel free to point this anywhere accessible on the filesystem
pid "/home/maisipu/rubyweb/app/shared/pids/unicorn.pid"

# By default, the Unicorn logger will write to stderr.
# Additionally, ome applications/frameworks log to stderr or stdout,
# so prevent them from going to /dev/null when daemonized here:
stderr_path "/home/maisipu/rubyweb/app/shared/log/unicorn.stderr.log"
stdout_path "/home/maisipu/rubyweb/app/shared/log/unicorn.stdout.log"

# combine Ruby 2.0.0+ with "preload_app true" for memory savings
preload_app true

# Enable this flag to have unicorn test client connections by writing the
# beginning of the HTTP headers before calling the application.  This
# prevents calling the application for connections that have disconnected
# while queued.  This is only guaranteed to detect clients on the same
# host unicorn runs on, and unlikely to detect disconnects even on a
# fast LAN.
check_client_connection false

# local variable to guard against running a hook multiple times
run_once = true

before_fork do |server, worker|
  # the following is highly recomended for Rails + "preload_app true"
  # as there's no need for the master process to hold a connection
  defined?(ActiveRecord::Base) and
    ActiveRecord::Base.connection.disconnect!

  # Occasionally, it may be necessary to run non-idempotent code in the
  # master before forking.  Keep in mind the above disconnect! example
  # is idempotent and does not need a guard.
  if run_once
    # do_something_once_here ...
    run_once = false # prevent from firing again
  end

  # The following is only recommended for memory/DB-constrained
  # installations.  It is not needed if your system can house
  # twice as many worker_processes as you have configured.
  #
  # # This allows a new master process to incrementally
  # # phase out the old master process with SIGTTOU to avoid a
  # # thundering herd (especially in the "preload_app false" case)
  # # when doing a transparent upgrade.  The last worker spawned
  # # will then kill off the old master process with a SIGQUIT.
  # old_pid = "#{server.config[:pid]}.oldbin"
  # if old_pid != server.pid
  #   begin
  #     sig = (worker.nr + 1) >= server.worker_processes ? :QUIT : :TTOU
  #     Process.kill(sig, File.read(old_pid).to_i)
  #   rescue Errno::ENOENT, Errno::ESRCH
  #   end
  # end
  #
  # Throttle the master from forking too quickly by sleeping.  Due
  # to the implementation of standard Unix signal handlers, this
  # helps (but does not completely) prevent identical, repeated signals
  # from being lost when the receiving process is busy.
  # sleep 1
end

after_fork do |server, worker|
  # per-process listener ports for debugging/admin/migrations
  # addr = "127.0.0.1:#{9293 + worker.nr}"
  # server.listen(addr, :tries => -1, :delay => 5, :tcp_nopush => true)

  # the following is *required* for Rails + "preload_app true",
  defined?(ActiveRecord::Base) and
    ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection

  # if preload_app is true, then you may also want to check and
  # restart any other shared sockets/descriptors such as Memcached,
  # and Redis.  TokyoCabinet file handles are safe to reuse
  # between any number of forked children (assuming your kernel
  # correctly implements pread()/pwrite() system calls)
end

最小配置

# Minimal sample configuration file for Unicorn (not Rack) when used
# with daemonization (unicorn -D) started in your working directory.
#
# See https://yhbt.net/unicorn/Unicorn/Configurator.html for complete
# documentation.
# See also https://yhbt.net/unicorn/examples/unicorn.conf.rb for
# a more verbose configuration using more features.

listen 8083 # by default Unicorn listens on port 8080
worker_processes 2 # this should be >= nr_cpus
pid "/home/maisipu/rubyweb/app/shared/pids/unicorn.pid"
stderr_path "/home/maisipu/rubyweb/app/shared/log/unicorn.log"
stdout_path "/home/maisipu/rubyweb/app/shared/log/unicorn.log"
  • Phusion Passenger
    Phusion Passenger®是一款web服务器和应用程序服务器，旨在实现快速、强健和轻量级。它降低了部署web应用程序的复杂性，增加了在生产中有用的强大的企业级功能，并使管理更加简单和不那么复杂。

Phusion Passenger支持Ruby、Python、Node.js和Meteor，并被苹果、皮克斯、《纽约时报》、AirBnB、Juniper等知名公司以及超过65万个网站使用。

Passenger之所以如此快速可靠，是因为它的C++核心、零拷贝架构、看门狗系统以及混合事件、多线程和多进程设计。

Apache Http服务器

$ sudo dnf install httpd

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sudo vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

index.cgi index.rb

#!/usr/bin/ruby
 
puts "Content-type: text/html\n\n"
puts "<html><body>hello,world</body></html>"

#!/usr/bin/ruby
 
require 'cgi'
 
cgi = CGI.new
puts cgi.header
puts "<html><body>hello,world</body></html>"

cgi

  • CGI程序目录
    向Apache说明，此目录中的每个文件都是CGI程序
   ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"

CGI文件扩展名为.cgi，Ruby可用 .rb 扩展名

  • 指定运行CGI脚本的目录
    Options指令中指定ExecCGI,修改httpd.conf配置文件
<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin/">
        AllowOverride All
        Options +ExecCGI
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
        Require all granted
</Directory>

AddHandler指令带有cgi或rb扩展名的文件视为CGI程序

    AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .rb

httpd

编辑 vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 文件。
修改 ServerName localhost:80
查看占用80端口情况

$ sudo lsof -i:80
COMMAND    PID  USER   FD   TYPE  DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
nginx   238200 nginx    8u  IPv4 4754888      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx   238200 nginx    9u  IPv6 4754889      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx   238201 nginx    8u  IPv4 4754888      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx   238201 nginx    9u  IPv6 4754889      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx   238202 nginx    8u  IPv4 4754888      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx   238202 nginx    9u  IPv6 4754889      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx   238203 nginx    8u  IPv4 4754888      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx   238203 nginx    9u  IPv6 4754889      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
[maisipu@fedora ~]$ sudo kill -9 238200
[maisipu@fedora ~]$ sudo kill -9 238201
[maisipu@fedora ~]$ sudo kill -9 238202
[maisipu@fedora ~]$ sudo kill -9 238203


[maisipu@fedora www-data]$ sudo chown maisipu:maisipu  /var/www/cgi-bin/
[maisipu@fedora www-data]$ sudo chown maisipu:maisipu  /var/www/cgi-bin/*
[maisipu@fedora www-data]$ sudo chmod 755  /var/www/cgi-bin/
[maisipu@fedora www-data]$ sudo chmod 775  /var/www/cgi-bin/*

[maisipu@fedora www-data]$ sudo httpd -k stop
httpd (no pid file) not running
[maisipu@fedora www-data]$ sudo httpd

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