前言
自定义仓储能够很大程度方便我们实现功能，但是对于自定义仓储中的公共部分，又是非常基础的功能，如基础增删改和列表查询，分页查询，单个查询等，对于大部分自定义仓储来讲都能够用的上，如果每个自定义仓储中都实现一套，代码冗余度太高，无效工作过滤耗费时间。
构建泛型仓储
泛型仓储抽象接口
在自定义仓储接口基础上将常用的CRUD抽离出来到泛型仓储接口中，原有自定义变成泛型来代替，以使得自定义仓储接口集成泛型仓储接口后仍能够有基础常用功能。
对于自定义仓储的设计，如果实体能够映射到数据库表，那么便可为其增加仓储以便实现读写功能。因此，实体便是成为大多数自定义仓储命名规则，此处增加一个实体接口，一方面标时实体，另一方面约束泛型仓储，以只允许具有实体接口标时的实体才能使用泛型仓储。
public interface IEntity
{
}
public interface IEntity<TKey> : IEntity
{
TKey Id { get; }
}
泛型仓储的设计上，参照ABP中泛型仓储，简化如下
public interface IRepository
{
}
public interface IRepository<TEntity, TKey> : IRepository
where TEntity : class, IEntity<TKey>
{
Task<TEntity> GetAsync(TKey id);
Task<TEntity> GetAsync([NotNull] Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> predicate);
Task<TEntity> FindAsync(TKey id);
Task<TEntity> FindAsync([NotNull] Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> predicate);
Task<List<TEntity>> GetListAsync();
Task<List<TEntity>> GetListAsync([NotNull] Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> predicate);
Task<List<TEntity>> GetPagedListAsync(int skipCount, int maxResultCount, string sorting);
Task<long> GetCountAsync();
Task<TEntity> InsertAsync([NotNull] TEntity entity, bool autoSave = false);
Task InsertManyAsync([NotNull] IEnumerable<TEntity> entities, bool autoSave = false);
Task<TEntity> UpdateAsync([NotNull] TEntity entity, bool autoSave = false);
Task UpdateManyAsync([NotNull] IEnumerable<TEntity> entities, bool autoSave = false);
Task DeleteAsync(TKey id, bool autoSave = false);
Task DeleteAsync([NotNull] TEntity entity, bool autoSave = false);
Task DeleteAsync([NotNull] Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> predicate, bool autoSave = false);
Task DeleteManyAsync([NotNull] IEnumerable<TEntity> entities, bool autoSave = false);
Task DeleteManyAsync([NotNull] IEnumerable<TKey> ids, bool autoSave = false);
Task SaveChangesAsync();
Task<IQueryable<TEntity>> WithDetailsAsync(params Expression<Func<TEntity, object>>[] propertySelectors);
Task<IQueryable<TEntity>> GetQueryableAsync();
}
泛型仓储抽象实现
对于泛型仓储实现，先实现一个RepositoryBase，实现中并没有涉及到具体的技术实现，而是泛型仓储实现的抽象。与泛型仓储可属于同一层，都是领域层。
public abstract class RepositoryBase<TEntity, TKey> : IRepository<TEntity, TKey>
where TEntity : class, IEntity<TKey>
{
public virtual async Task<TEntity> GetAsync(TKey id)
{
var entity = await FindAsync(id);
if (entity == null)
{
throw new EntityNotFoundException(typeof(TEntity), id);
}
return entity;
}
public virtual async Task<TEntity> GetAsync(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> predicate)
{
var entity = await FindAsync(predicate);
if (entity == null)
{
throw new EntityNotFoundException(typeof(TEntity));
}
return entity;
}
public abstract Task<TEntity> FindAsync(TKey id);
public abstract Task<TEntity> FindAsync(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> predicate);
public abstract Task<List<TEntity>> GetListAsync();
public abstract Task<List<TEntity>> GetListAsync(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> predicate);
public abstract Task<List<TEntity>> GetPagedListAsync(int skipCount, int maxResultCount, string sorting);
public abstract Task<long> GetCountAsync();
public abstract Task<TEntity> InsertAsync(TEntity entity, bool autoSave = false);
public virtual async Task InsertManyAsync(IEnumerable<TEntity> entities, bool autoSave = false)
{
foreach (var entity in entities)
{
await InsertAsync(entity);
}
if (autoSave)
{
await SaveChangesAsync();
}
}
public abstract Task<TEntity> UpdateAsync(TEntity entity, bool autoSave = false);
public virtual async Task UpdateManyAsync(IEnumerable<TEntity> entities, bool autoSave = false)
{
foreach (var entity in entities)
{
await UpdateAsync(entity);
}
if (autoSave)
{
await SaveChangesAsync();
}
}
public virtual async Task DeleteAsync(TKey id, bool autoSave = false)
{
var entity = await FindAsync(id);
if (entity == null)
{
return;
}
await DeleteAsync(entity, autoSave);
}
public abstract Task DeleteAsync(TEntity entity, bool autoSave = false);
public abstract Task DeleteAsync(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> predicate, bool autoSave = false);
public virtual async Task DeleteManyAsync(IEnumerable<TEntity> entities, bool autoSave = false)
{
foreach (var entity in entities)
{
await DeleteAsync(entity);
}
if (autoSave)
{
await SaveChangesAsync();
}
}
public virtual async Task DeleteManyAsync([NotNull] IEnumerable<TKey> ids, bool autoSave = false)
{
foreach (var id in ids)
{
await DeleteAsync(id);
}
if (autoSave)
{
await SaveChangesAsync();
}
}
#region Common
public virtual Task SaveChangesAsync()
{
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
public virtual Task<IQueryable<TEntity>> WithDetailsAsync(params Expression<Func<TEntity, object>>[] propertySelectors)
{
return GetQueryableAsync();
}
public abstract Task<IQueryable<TEntity>> GetQueryableAsync();
#endregion
}
泛型仓储实现
在基础设施层中，实现具体的泛型仓储。此处围绕着EFCore来。
public class EfCoreRepositoryBase<TDbContext, TEntity, TKey> : RepositoryBase<TEntity, TKey>
where TDbContext : DbContext
where TEntity : class, IEntity<TKey>
{
private readonly TDbContext _dbContext;
public EfCoreRepositoryBase(TDbContext dbContext)
{
_dbContext = dbContext;
}
public override async Task<TEntity> FindAsync(TKey id)
{
return await (await GetDbSetAsync()).FindAsync(new object[] { id });
}
public override async Task<TEntity> FindAsync(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> predicate)
{
return await (await GetDbSetAsync()).Where(predicate).SingleOrDefaultAsync();
}
public override async Task<List<TEntity>> GetListAsync()
{
return await (await GetDbSetAsync()).ToListAsync();
}
public override async Task<List<TEntity>> GetListAsync(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> predicate)
{
return await (await GetDbSetAsync()).Where(predicate).ToListAsync();
}
public override async Task<List<TEntity>> GetPagedListAsync(int skipCount,int maxResultCount,string sorting)
{
var queryable = await GetDbSetAsync();
return await queryable
.OrderByIf<TEntity, IQueryable<TEntity>>(!sorting.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(), sorting)
.PageBy(skipCount, maxResultCount)
.ToListAsync();
}
public override async Task<long> GetCountAsync()
{
return await (await GetDbSetAsync()).LongCountAsync();
}
public override async Task<TEntity> InsertAsync(TEntity entity, bool autoSave = false)
{
var dbContext = await GetDbContextAsync();
var savedEntity = (await dbContext.Set<TEntity>().AddAsync(entity)).Entity;
if (autoSave)
{
await dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();
}
return savedEntity;
}
public override async Task<TEntity> UpdateAsync(TEntity entity, bool autoSave = false)
{
var dbContext = await GetDbContextAsync();
dbContext.Attach(entity);
var updatedEntity = dbContext.Update(entity).Entity;
if (autoSave)
{
await dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();
}
return updatedEntity;
}
public override async Task DeleteAsync(TEntity entity, bool autoSave = false)
{
var dbContext = await GetDbContextAsync();
dbContext.Set<TEntity>().Remove(entity);
if (autoSave)
{
await dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();
}
}
public override async Task DeleteAsync(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> predicate, bool autoSave = false)
{
var dbContext = await GetDbContextAsync();
var dbSet = dbContext.Set<TEntity>();
var entities = await dbSet
.Where(predicate)
.ToListAsync();
await DeleteManyAsync(entities, autoSave);
if (autoSave)
{
await dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();
}
}
#region Common
public override async Task SaveChangesAsync()
{
await (await GetDbContextAsync()).SaveChangesAsync();
}
public override async Task<IQueryable<TEntity>> WithDetailsAsync(params Expression<Func<TEntity, object>>[] propertySelectors)
{
return IncludeDetails(
await GetQueryableAsync(),
propertySelectors
);
}
private static IQueryable<TEntity> IncludeDetails(
IQueryable<TEntity> query,
Expression<Func<TEntity, object>>[] propertySelectors)
{
if (!propertySelectors.IsNullOrEmpty())
{
foreach (var propertySelector in propertySelectors)
{
query = query.Include(propertySelector);
}
}
return query;
}
public override async Task<IQueryable<TEntity>> GetQueryableAsync()
{
return (await GetDbSetAsync()).AsQueryable();
}
public virtual async Task<TDbContext> GetDbContextAsync()
{
return await Task.FromResult((TDbContext)_dbContext);
}
protected async Task<DbSet<TEntity>> GetDbSetAsync()
{
return (await GetDbContextAsync()).Set<TEntity>();
}
#endregion
}
基于泛型仓储扩展自定义仓储
如果业务简单，直接使用泛型仓储便足够了，但如果泛型仓储不够能力了，原自定义仓储可以继承泛型仓储并扩展其想要的能力。
public interface IOrderRepository : IRepository<Order, int>
{
Task<int> GetEmergencyOrderCount();
}
在基础设施层中，同样扩展泛型仓储实现，并在其中使用DbContext来构建需要的操作。
public class OrderRepository : EfCoreRepositoryBase<AppDbContext, Order, int>, IOrderRepository
{
public async Task<int> GetEmergencyOrderCount()
{
var dbContext = await GetDbContextAsync();
return await dbContext.Orders
.AsNoTracking()
.Where(o=>o.Status == 1)
.CountAsync();
}
}
泛型仓储服务注册
对于泛型仓储注册到DI容器中，对于自定义仓储或是其他服务，如果采用类似ABP中的全局扫描ITransientDependency接口方式自然不用关心。如果是挨个手动注册，那么对于自定义仓储或是泛型仓储来讲，可能存在遗漏，只能在出现没有注入实例下才会在手动注册到容器中。
builder.Services.AddTransient<IOrderRepository, OrderRepository>();
...
builder.Services.AddTransient<IRepository<Order, int>, EfCoreRepositoryBase<AppDbContext, Order, int>>();
...
扫描程序集注册
如下简单实现扫描IEntity接口，为每一个实体注册泛型仓储（如果是应用了DDD体系，则建议是对聚合根实体注册泛型仓储，聚合的获取应当从聚合根开始）。也实现了扫描自定义仓储与实现注入到DI容器中以方便需要使用到自定义仓储。
public static class RepositoryExtensions
{
public static IServiceCollection AddRepositories<TDbContext>(this IServiceCollection services, Assembly[] assemblies)
{
RegisterForGenericRepository<TDbContext>(services, assemblies);
RegisterForCustomRepository(services, assemblies);
return services;
}
private static void RegisterForGenericRepository<TDbContext>(IServiceCollection services, Assembly[] assemblies)
{
var entityTypes = assemblies
.SelectMany(s => s.GetTypes())
.Where(t => typeof(IEntity).IsAssignableFrom(t) && t != typeof(IEntity) && !t.IsGenericType)
.ToArray();
foreach (var entityType in entityTypes)
{
var primaryKeyType = FindPrimaryKeyType(entityType);
var repositoryType = typeof(IRepository<,>).MakeGenericType(entityType, primaryKeyType);
var efRepositoryType = typeof(EfCoreRepositoryBase<,,>).MakeGenericType(typeof(TDbContext), entityType, primaryKeyType);
services.AddTransient(repositoryType, efRepositoryType);
}
}
private static void RegisterForCustomRepository(IServiceCollection services, Assembly[] assemblies)
{
var interfaceTypes = assemblies
.SelectMany(s => s.GetTypes())
.Where(t => typeof(IRepository).IsAssignableFrom(t) && t != typeof(IRepository) && t.IsInterface && !t.IsGenericType)
.ToArray();
var implementTypes = assemblies
.SelectMany(s => s.GetTypes())
.Where(t => typeof(IRepository).IsAssignableFrom(t) && !t.IsInterface && !t.IsGenericType)
.ToArray();
foreach (var interfaceType in interfaceTypes)
{
var implementType = implementTypes.FirstOrDefault(interfaceType.IsAssignableFrom);
if (implementType == null)
{
continue;
}
services.AddTransient(interfaceType, implementType);
}
}
private static Type FindPrimaryKeyType([NotNull] Type entityType)
{
if (!typeof(IEntity).IsAssignableFrom(entityType))
{
throw new Exception($"Given {nameof(entityType)} is not an entity. It should implement {typeof(IEntity).AssemblyQualifiedName}!");
}
foreach (var interfaceType in entityType.GetTypeInfo().GetInterfaces())
{
if (interfaceType.GetTypeInfo().IsGenericType &&
interfaceType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(IEntity<>))
{
return interfaceType.GenericTypeArguments[0];
}
}
return null;
}
}
在服务配置时，便可以代替手动注册，通过扫描程序集方式完成服务批量注册
var assemblies = RuntimeHelper.GetAllAssemblies();
builder.Services.AddRepositories<AppDbContext>(assemblies.ToArray());
参考资料
2023-11-29,望技术有成后能回来看见自己的脚步。