简易客户管理系统(控制台版)

发布时间 2023-09-01 12:18:43作者:  ̄O ̄)ノ

目标 熟悉面向对象编程

涉及的知识 :

类结构的使用:属性、方法和构造器

对象的创建与使用

类的封装性

声明和使用数组

数组的插入、删除、替换、增加

关键字使用:this


 

 

 工具类Utility的定义

将不同的功能封装为方法,就是可以直接通过调用方法使用它的功能,而无需考虑具体的功能实现细节。

首先创建Scanner类以供后续本类使用。循环获取控制台输入的字符串并存入字符串line中,判断字符串line是否为0、为负或超出限制都将重新获取line。
成功获取则返回line。
 1 private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
 2 
 3 private static String readKeyBoard(int limit, boolean blankReturn) {
 4         String line = "";
 5 
 6         while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
 7             line = scanner.nextLine();
 8             if (line.length() == 0) {
 9                 if (blankReturn) return line;
10                 else continue;
11             }
12 
13             if (line.length() < 1 || line.length() > limit) {
14                 System.out.print("输入长度(不大于" + limit + ")错误,请重新输入:");
15                 continue;
16             }
17             break;
18         }
19 
20         return line;
用于界面菜单的选择。该方法读取键盘,如果用户键入’1’-’5’中的任意字符,则方法返回。返回值为用户键入字符。
 1 public static char readMenuSelection() {
 2         char c;
 3         for (; ; ) {
 4             String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
 5             c = str.charAt(0);
 6             if (c != '1' && c != '2' && 
 7                 c != '3' && c != '4' && c != '5') {
 8                 System.out.print("选择错误,请重新输入:");
 9             } else break;
10         }
11         return c;
12     }
从键盘读取一个字符,并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
 1 public static char readChar() {
 2         String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
 3         return str.charAt(0);
 4     }
 5 
 6 //重载 修改用户信息时使用
 7 public static char readChar(char defaultValue) {
 8         String str = readKeyBoard(1, true);
 9         return (str.length() == 0) ? defaultValue : str.charAt(0);
10     }
从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数,并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
public static int readInt() {
        int n;
        for (; ; ) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(2, false);
            try {
                n = Integer.parseInt(str);
                break;
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                System.out.print("数字输入错误,请重新输入:");
            }
        }
        return n;
    }

//重载 修改用户信息时使用
 public static int readInt(int defaultValue) {
        int n;
        for (; ; ) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(2, true);
            if (str.equals("")) {
                return defaultValue;
            }

            try {
                n = Integer.parseInt(str);
                break;
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                System.out.print("数字输入错误,请重新输入:");
            }
        }
        return n;
    }
从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串,并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
public static String readString(int limit) {
        return readKeyBoard(limit, false);
    }

//重载   同上
public static String readString(int limit, String defaultValue) {
        String str = readKeyBoard(limit, true);
        return str.equals("")? defaultValue : str;
    }
用于确认选择的输入。该方法从键盘读取‘Y’或’N’,并将其作为方法的返回值。
  public static char readConfirmSelection() {
        char c;
        for (; ; ) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(1, false).toUpperCase();
            c = str.charAt(0);
            if (c == 'Y' || c == 'N') {
                break;
            } else {
                System.out.print("选择错误,请重新输入:");
            }
        }
        return c;
    }

用户类Customer的定义

public class Customer {
    private String name;
    private char gender;
    private int age;
    private String phone;
    private String email;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public char getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(char gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }
    
    //实例化用户对象时赋值
    public Customer(String name, char gender, int age, String phone, String email){
        this.name = name;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.age = age;
        this.phone = phone;
        this.email = email;
    }

    //空参构造器
    public  Customer(){

    }

    //用户各个属性的值作为字符串返回
    public String getDetails(){

         return getName() + "\t" + getGender() + "\t" + getAge() + "\t\t" + getPhone() + "\t" +getEmail();
    }

使用数组管理Customer类对象的CustomerList的定义

定义两个成员变量,以及一个带参构造器。

    private Customer[] customers;  //保存客户对象的数组
    private int total = 0;          //记录已保存客户对象的数量

    public CustomerList() {
    }

    public CustomerList(int totalCustomer) {
        customers = new Customer[totalCustomer];
    }

实现数组对象的增删改,操作成功返回true,失败则返回false

//
public boolean addCustomer(Customer customer){
        if (customers.length < total)
            return false;
        customers[total] = customer;
        total++;
        return true;
    }
//
public boolean deleteCustomer(int index){
        if (index >= 0 && index < total)
        {
            for (int i = index; i < total - 1; i++) {
                customers[i] = customers[i+1];

            }
            customers[total -1] = null;
            total--;
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
//
public boolean replaceCustomer(int index,Customer cust){
        if (index >= 0 && index < total)
        {
            customers[index] = cust;
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

实现数组对象的查询,操作成功返回true,失败则返回false

//查询所有用户信息
public Customer[] getAllCustomers(){
        Customer[] a = new Customer[total];
        
        for (int i = 0; i < total; i++) {
            a[i] = customers[i];
        }
             return a;
    }
//查询具体索引编号的用户信息
public Customer getCustomer(int index){
        if (index < 0 || index >= total){
            return null;
        }else
            return customers[index];
    }

用户界面类CustomerView的实现

设置数组长度,以及存入一组数据以供显示使用

//创建一个对象数组,并限定长度
 private CustomerList customers = new CustomerList(10);
//将一组对象存入对象数组中
 public CustomerView() {
        Customer cust = new Customer("张三", '男', 30, "13843255423", "abc@126.com");
        customers.addCustomer(cust);
    }

控制台显示界面的实现

//菜单界面
public void enterMainMenu(){
        boolean isflag = true;
        while (isflag){
            System.out
                    .println("\n-------------------拼电商客户管理系统-----------------\n");
            System.out.println("                   1 添 加 客 户");
            System.out.println("                   2 修 改 客 户");
            System.out.println("                   3 删 除 客 户");
            System.out.println("                   4 客 户 列 表");
            System.out.println("                   5 退       出\n");
            System.out.print("                   请选择(1-5):");
            char key = CMUtility.readMenuSelection();
            switch (key) {
                case '1':
                    addNewCustomer();
                    break;
                case '2':
                    modifyCustomer();
                    break;
                case '3':
                    deleteCustomer();
                    break;
                case '4':
                    listAllCustomers();
                    break;
                case '5':
                    System.out.print("确认是否退出(Y/N):");
                    char yn = CMUtility.readConfirmSelection();
                    if (yn == 'Y')
                        isflag = false;
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

//增 界面
private void addNewCustomer(){
        System.out.println("---------------------添加客户---------------------");
        System.out.print("姓名:");
        String name = CMUtility.readString(4);
        System.out.print("性别:");
        char gender = CMUtility.readChar();
        System.out.print("年龄:");
        int age = CMUtility.readInt();
        System.out.print("电话:");
        String phone = CMUtility.readString(15);
        System.out.print("邮箱:");
        String email = CMUtility.readString(15);

        Customer cust = new Customer(name, gender, age, phone, email);
        boolean flag = customers.addCustomer(cust);
        if (flag) {
            System.out
                    .println("---------------------添加完成---------------------");
        } else {
            System.out.println("----------------记录已满,无法添加-----------------");
        }
    }

//改 界面
    private void modifyCustomer(){
        System.out.println("---------------------修改客户---------------------");

        int index = 0;
        Customer cust = null;
        for (;;) {
            System.out.print("请选择待修改客户编号(-1退出):");
            index = CMUtility.readInt();
            if (index == -1) {
                return;
            }

            cust = customers.getCustomer(index - 1);
            if (cust == null) {
                System.out.println("无法找到指定客户!");
            } else
                break;
        }
        System.out.print("姓名(" + cust.getName() + "):");
        String name = CMUtility.readString(4, cust.getName());

        System.out.print("性别(" + cust.getGender() + "):");
        char gender = CMUtility.readChar(cust.getGender());

        System.out.print("年龄(" + cust.getAge() + "):");
        int age = CMUtility.readInt(cust.getAge());

        System.out.print("电话(" + cust.getPhone() + "):");
        String phone = CMUtility.readString(15, cust.getPhone());

        System.out.print("邮箱(" + cust.getEmail() + "):");
        String email = CMUtility.readString(15, cust.getEmail());

        cust = new Customer(name, gender, age, phone, email);

        boolean flag = customers.replaceCustomer(index - 1, cust);
        if (flag) {
            System.out
                    .println("---------------------修改完成---------------------");
        } else {
            System.out.println("----------无法找到指定客户,修改失败--------------");
        }
    }

//删  界面
    private void deleteCustomer(){
        System.out.println("---------------------删除客户---------------------");

        int index = 0;
        Customer cust = null;
        for (;;) {
            System.out.print("请选择待删除客户编号(-1退出):");
            index = CMUtility.readInt();
            if (index == -1) {
                return;
            }

            cust = customers.getCustomer(index - 1);
            if (cust == null) {
                System.out.println("无法找到指定客户!");
            } else
                break;
        }
        System.out.print("确认是否删除(Y/N):");
        char yn = CMUtility.readConfirmSelection();
        if (yn == 'N')
            return;

        boolean flag = customers.deleteCustomer(index - 1);
        if (flag) {
            System.out
                    .println("---------------------删除完成---------------------");
        } else {
            System.out.println("----------无法找到指定客户,删除失败--------------");
        }
    }


//查 界面
    private void listAllCustomers(){
        System.out.println("---------------------------客户列表---------------------------");
        Customer[] custs = customers.getAllCustomers();
        if (custs.length == 0) {
            System.out.println("没有客户记录!");
        } else {
            System.out.println("编号\t姓名\t性别\t年龄\t电话\t\t\t邮箱");
            for (int i = 0; i < custs.length; i++) {
//            System.out.println(i + 1 + "\t" + custs[i].getName() + "\t" + custs[i].getGender() + "\t" + custs[i].getAge() + "\t\t" + custs[i].getPhone() + "\t" + custs[i].getEmail());
                System.out.println((i+1) + "\t" + custs[i].getDetails());
            }
        }

        System.out.println("-------------------------客户列表完成-------------------------");
        }

 

 main方法测试上述所有代码功能是否实现

 public static void main(String[] args){
        CustomerView cView = new CustomerView();
        cView.enterMainMenu();
        }