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c实现异常捕获try-catch组件

发布时间 2023-06-08 14:25:33作者: 墨尔基阿德斯

手把手教你纯c实现异常捕获try-catch组件

前言

  本文用纯c的代码，实现异常捕获try-catch组件。阅读本文需要时刻牢记setjmp和longjmp的对应关系。

  本专栏知识点是通过零声教育的线上课学习，进行梳理总结写下文章，对c/c++linux课程感兴趣的读者，可以点击链接 C/C++后台高级服务器课程介绍 详细查看课程的服务。

try / catch / finally / throw 介绍

  在java，python，c++里面都有try catch异常捕获。在try代码块里面执行的函数，如果出错有异常了，就会throw把异常抛出来，抛出来的异常被catch接收进行处理，而finally意味着无论有没有异常，都会执行finally代码块内的代码。

try{
    connect_sql();//throw
}catch(){

}finally {


};


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如何实现try-catch这一机制？

  关于跳转，有两个跳转。那么在这里我们必然选用长跳转。

  1. goto：函数内跳转，短跳转
  2. setjmp/longjmp：跨函数跳转，长跳转

  setjmp/longjmp这两个函数是不存在压栈出栈的，也就是说longjmp跳转到setjmp的地方后，会覆盖之前的栈。

setjmp/longjmp使用介绍(重点)

  • setjmp(env)：设置跳转的位置，第一次返回0，后续返回longjmp的第二个参数
  • longjmp(env, idx)：跳转到设置env的位置，第二个参数就是setjmp()的返回值
#include <stdio.h>
#include <setjmp.h>

jmp_buf env;

int count = 0;


void sub_func(int idx) {

printf("sub_func -->idx : %d\n", idx);

//第二个参数就是setjmp()的返回值

longjmp(env, idx);

}


int main() {

int idx = 0;

//设置跳转标签，第一次返回0

count = setjmp(env);

if (count  0) {

printf("count : %d\n", count);

sub_func(++idx);

}

else if (count  1) {

printf("count : %d\n", count);

sub_func(++idx);

}

else if (count == 2) {

printf("count : %d\n", count);

sub_func(++idx);

}

else {

printf("other count \n");

}


<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>



}


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count : 0
sub_func -->idx : 1
count : 1
sub_func -->idx : 2
count : 2
sub_func -->idx : 3
other count 

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try-catch 和 setjmp/longjmp 的关系

try ---> setjmp(env)

throw ---> longjmp(env,Exception)


catch(Exception)


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在这里插入图片描述

  我们其实可以分析出来，setjmp和count==0的地方，相当于try，后面的else if 相当于catch，最后一个else，其实并不是finally，因为finally是不管怎么样都会执行，上图我标注的其实是误导的。应该是下图这样才对。

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

宏定义实现try-catch Demo

  4个关键字分析出来它们的关系之后，其实我们就能用宏定义来实现了。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <setjmp.h>

typedef struct _Exception {

jmp_buf env;

int exceptype;

} Exception;


#define Try(excep) if((excep.exceptype=setjmp(excep.env))0)

#define Catch(excep, ExcepType) else if(excep.exceptypeExcepType)

#define Throw(excep, ExcepType) longjmp(excep.env,ExcepType)

#define Finally


void throw_func(Exception ex, int idx) {

printf("throw_func -->idx : %d\n", idx);

Throw(ex, idx);

}


int main() {

int idx = 0;


Exception ex<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">Try</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ex<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"ex.exceptype : %d\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> ex<span class="token punctuation">.</span>exceptype<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">throw_func</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ex<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">++</span>idx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">Catch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ex<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"ex.exceptype : %d\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> ex<span class="token punctuation">.</span>exceptype<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">Catch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ex<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"ex.exceptype : %d\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> ex<span class="token punctuation">.</span>exceptype<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">Catch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ex<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"ex.exceptype : %d\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> ex<span class="token punctuation">.</span>exceptype<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
Finally<span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Finally\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>



}


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ex.exceptype : 0
throw_func -->idx : 1
ex.exceptype : 1
Finally

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在这里插入图片描述

实现try-catch的三个问题

  虽然现在demo版看起来像这么回事了，但是还是有两个问题：

  1. 在哪个文件哪个函数哪个行抛的异常？
  2. try-catch嵌套怎么做？
  3. try-catch线程安全怎么做？

1. 在哪个文件哪个函数哪个行抛的异常

  系统提供了三个宏可以供我们使用，如果我们没有catch到异常，我们就可以打印出来

__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__

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2. try-catch嵌套怎么做？

  我们知道try-catch是可以嵌套的，那么这就形成了一个栈的数据结构，现在下面有三个try，每个setjmp对应的都是不同的jmp_buf,那么我们可以定义一个jmp_buf的栈。

try{
    try{
        try{

    <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">catch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>

    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">catch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>

<span class="token punctuation">}</span>



}catch(){


}finally{


};


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  那么我们很容易能写出来，既然是栈，try的时候我们就插入一个结点，catch的时候我们就pop一个出来。

#define EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH                512

typedef struct _ntyException {

const char *name;

} ntyException;


ntyException SQLException = {"SQLException"};

ntyException TimeoutException = {"TimeoutException"};


typedef struct _ntyExceptionFrame {

jmp_buf env;


<span class="token keyword">int</span> line<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>func<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>file<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

ntyException <span class="token operator">*</span>exception<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token class-name">_ntyExceptionFrame</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>next<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">char</span> message<span class="token punctuation">[</span>EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>



} ntyExceptionFrame;


enum {

ExceptionEntered = 0,//0

ExceptionThrown,    //1

ExceptionHandled, //2

ExceptionFinalized//3

};


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3. try-catch线程安全

  每个线程都可以try-catch，但是我们以及知道了是个栈结构，既ExceptionStack，那么每个线程是独有一个ExceptionStack呢？还是共享同一个ExceptionStack？很明显，A线程的异常应该有A的处理，而不是由B线程处理。那么我们就使用Linux线程私有数据Thread-specific Data(TSD) 详解来做。

/* ** **** ******** **************** Thread safety **************** ******** **** ** */

#define ntyThreadLocalData                      pthread_key_t

#define ntyThreadLocalDataSet(key, value)       pthread_setspecific((key), (value))

#define ntyThreadLocalDataGet(key)              pthread_getspecific((key))

#define ntyThreadLocalDataCreate(key)           pthread_key_create(&(key), NULL)


ntyThreadLocalData ExceptionStack;


static void init_once(void) {

ntyThreadLocalDataCreate(ExceptionStack);

}


static pthread_once_t once_control = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;


void ntyExceptionInit(void) {

pthread_once(&once_control, init_once);

}


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代码实现与解释

try

  首先创建一个新节点入栈，然后setjmp设置一个标记，接下来就是大括号里面的操作了，如果有异常，那么就会被throw抛出来，为什么这里最后一行是if？因为longjmp的时候，返回的地方是setjmp，不要忘了！要时刻扣住longjmp和setjmp。

#define Try do {                                                                        \
            volatile int Exception_flag;                                                \
            ntyExceptionFrame frame;                                                    \
            frame.message[0] = 0;                                                       \
            frame.next = (ntyExceptionFrame*)ntyThreadLocalDataGet(ExceptionStack);     \
            ntyThreadLocalDataSet(ExceptionStack, &frame);                              \
            Exception_flag = setjmp(frame.env);                                         \
            if (Exception_flag == ExceptionEntered) {

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Try{
	//...
    Throw(A, "A");
}

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throw

  在这里，我们不应该把throw定义成宏，而应该定义成函数。这里分两类，一类是try里面的throw，一类是没有try直接throw。

  • 对于try里面的异常，我们将其状态变成ExceptionThrown，然后longjmp到setjmp的地方，由catch处理
  • 对于直接抛的异常，必然没有catch去捕获，那么我们直接打印出来
  • 如果第一种情况的异常，没有被catch捕获到怎么办呢？后面会被ReThrow出来，对于再次被抛出，我们就直接进行打印异常

  这里的##__VA_ARGS__是可变参数，具体不多介绍了，不是本文重点。

#define ReThrow                    ntyExceptionThrow(frame.exception, frame.func, frame.file, frame.line, NULL)
#define Throw(e, cause, ...)    ntyExceptionThrow(&(e), __func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, cause, ##__VA_ARGS__,NULL)

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void ntyExceptionThrow(ntyException *excep, const char *func, const char *file, int line, const char *cause, ...) {
    va_list ap;
    ntyExceptionFrame *frame = (ntyExceptionFrame *) ntyThreadLocalDataGet(ExceptionStack);

<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>frame<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token comment">//异常名</span>
    frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>exception <span class="token operator">=</span> excep<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>func <span class="token operator">=</span> func<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>file <span class="token operator">=</span> file<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>line <span class="token operator">=</span> line<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">//异常打印的信息</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>cause<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        <span class="token function">va_start</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ap<span class="token punctuation">,</span> cause<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token function">vsnprintf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>message<span class="token punctuation">,</span> EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH<span class="token punctuation">,</span> cause<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ap<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token function">va_end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ap<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    ntyExceptionPopStack<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token function">longjmp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>env<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ExceptionThrown<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token comment">//没有被catch,直接throw</span>
<span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>cause<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">char</span> message<span class="token punctuation">[</span>EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token function">va_start</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ap<span class="token punctuation">,</span> cause<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">vsnprintf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">,</span> EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH<span class="token punctuation">,</span> cause<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ap<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">va_end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ap<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"%s: %s\n raised in %s at %s:%d\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> excep<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> message<span class="token punctuation">,</span> func <span class="token operator">?</span> func <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"?"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> file <span class="token operator">?</span> file <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"?"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> line<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"%s: %p\n raised in %s at %s:%d\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> excep<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> excep<span class="token punctuation">,</span> func <span class="token operator">?</span> func <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"?"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> file <span class="token operator">?</span> file <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"?"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> line<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>



}


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Catch

  如果还是ExceptionEntered状态，说明没有异常，没有throw。如果捕获到异常了，那么其状态就是ExceptionHandled。

#define Catch(nty_exception) \
                if (Exception_flag == ExceptionEntered) ntyExceptionPopStack; \
            } else if (frame.exception == &(nty_exception)) { \
                Exception_flag = ExceptionHandled;

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Finally

  finally也是一样，如果还是ExceptionEntered状态，说明没有异常没有捕获，那么现在状态是终止阶段。

#define Finally \
                if (Exception_flag == ExceptionEntered) ntyExceptionPopStack; \
            } { \
                if (Exception_flag == ExceptionEntered)    \
                    Exception_flag = ExceptionFinalized;

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EndTry

  有些人看到EndTry可能会有疑问，try-catch一共不就4个关键字吗？怎么你多了一个。我们先来看看EndTry做了什么，首先如果是ExceptionEntered状态，那意味着什么？意味着没有throw，没有catch，没有finally，只有try，我们需要对这种情况进行处理，要出栈。还有一种情况，如果是ExceptionThrown状态，说明什么？没有被catch捕获到，那么我们就再次抛出，进行打印错误。至于为什么多个EndTry，写起来方便呗~

#define EndTry \
                if (Exception_flag == ExceptionEntered) ntyExceptionPopStack; \
            } if (Exception_flag == ExceptionThrown) {ReThrow;} \
            } while (0)

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try-catch代码

/* ** **** ******** **************** try / catch / finally / throw **************** ******** **** ** */

#define EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH                512


typedef struct _ntyException {

const char *name;

} ntyException;


ntyException SQLException = {"SQLException"};

ntyException TimeoutException = {"TimeoutException"};


typedef struct _ntyExceptionFrame {

jmp_buf env;


<span class="token keyword">int</span> line<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>func<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>file<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

ntyException <span class="token operator">*</span>exception<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token class-name">_ntyExceptionFrame</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>next<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">char</span> message<span class="token punctuation">[</span>EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>



} ntyExceptionFrame;


enum {

ExceptionEntered = 0,//0

ExceptionThrown,    //1

ExceptionHandled, //2

ExceptionFinalized//3

};


#define ntyExceptionPopStack    </span>

ntyThreadLocalDataSet(ExceptionStack, ((ntyExceptionFrame*)ntyThreadLocalDataGet(ExceptionStack))->next)


#define ReThrow                    ntyExceptionThrow(frame.exception, frame.func, frame.file, frame.line, NULL)

#define Throw(e, cause, ...)    ntyExceptionThrow(&(e), func, FILE, LINE, cause, ##VA_ARGS,NULL)


#define Try do {                                                                        </span>

volatile int Exception_flag;                                                </span>

ntyExceptionFrame frame;                                                    </span>

frame.message[0] = 0;                                                       </span>

frame.next = (ntyExceptionFrame*)ntyThreadLocalDataGet(ExceptionStack);     </span>

ntyThreadLocalDataSet(ExceptionStack, &frame);                              </span>

Exception_flag = setjmp(frame.env);                                         </span>

if (Exception_flag == ExceptionEntered) {


#define Catch(nty_exception) </span>

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered) ntyExceptionPopStack; </span>

} else if (frame.exception  &(nty_exception)) { </span>

Exception_flag = ExceptionHandled;


#define Finally </span>

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered) ntyExceptionPopStack; </span>

} { </span>

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered)    </span>

Exception_flag = ExceptionFinalized;

#define EndTry </span>

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered) ntyExceptionPopStack; </span>

} if (Exception_flag  ExceptionThrown) {ReThrow;} </span>

} while (0)


void ntyExceptionThrow(ntyException excep, const char func, const char file, int line, const char cause, ...) {

va_list ap;

ntyExceptionFrame frame = (ntyExceptionFrame ) ntyThreadLocalDataGet(ExceptionStack);


<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>frame<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token comment">//异常名</span>
    frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>exception <span class="token operator">=</span> excep<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>func <span class="token operator">=</span> func<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>file <span class="token operator">=</span> file<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>line <span class="token operator">=</span> line<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">//异常打印的信息</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>cause<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        <span class="token function">va_start</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ap<span class="token punctuation">,</span> cause<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token function">vsnprintf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>message<span class="token punctuation">,</span> EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH<span class="token punctuation">,</span> cause<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ap<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token function">va_end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ap<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    ntyExceptionPopStack<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token function">longjmp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>env<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ExceptionThrown<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token comment">//没有被catch,直接throw</span>
<span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>cause<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">char</span> message<span class="token punctuation">[</span>EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token function">va_start</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ap<span class="token punctuation">,</span> cause<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">vsnprintf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">,</span> EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH<span class="token punctuation">,</span> cause<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ap<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">va_end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ap<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"%s: %s\n raised in %s at %s:%d\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> excep<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> message<span class="token punctuation">,</span> func <span class="token operator">?</span> func <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"?"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> file <span class="token operator">?</span> file <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"?"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> line<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"%s: %p\n raised in %s at %s:%d\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> excep<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> excep<span class="token punctuation">,</span> func <span class="token operator">?</span> func <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"?"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> file <span class="token operator">?</span> file <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"?"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> line<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>



}


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Debug测试代码


/* ** **** ******** **************** debug **************** ******** **** ** */

ntyException A = {"AException"};

ntyException B = {"BException"};

ntyException C = {"CException"};

ntyException D = {"DException"};


void thread(void args) {

pthread_t selfid = pthread_self();

Try

{

Throw(A, "A");

}

Catch (A)

{

printf("catch A : %ld\n", selfid);

}

EndTry;


Try
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"B"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch B : %ld\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> selfid<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

Try
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"C"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch C : %ld\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> selfid<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

Try
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>D<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"D"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>D<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch D : %ld\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> selfid<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

Try
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"A Again"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"B Again"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"C Again"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>D<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"D Again"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch A again : %ld\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> selfid<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch B again : %ld\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> selfid<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch C again : %ld\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> selfid<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>D<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch B again : %ld\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> selfid<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>



}


#define PTHREAD_NUM        8


int main(void) {

ntyExceptionInit();


<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"\n\n=&gt; Test1: Throw\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>D<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>     <span class="token comment">//ntyExceptionThrow(&amp;(D), "_function_name_", "_file_name_", 202, ((void *) 0), ((void *) 0))</span>
    <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"null C"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//ntyExceptionThrow(&amp;(C), "_function_name_", "_file_name_", 203, "null C", ((void *) 0))</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"=&gt; Test1: Ok\n\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>


<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"\n\n=&gt; Test2: Try-Catch Double Nesting\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    Try
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                Try
                        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"call B"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
                    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
                        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch B \n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
                EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        <span class="token function">Catch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch A \n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Result: Ok\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"=&gt; Test2: Ok\n\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>


<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"\n\n=&gt; Test3: Try-Catch Triple  Nesting\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    Try
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                Try
                        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>

                            Try
                                    <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                                        <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"call C"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                                    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
                                <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
                                    <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                                        <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch C\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                                    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
                            EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"call B"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
                    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
                        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch B\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
                EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        <span class="token function">Catch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch A\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"=&gt; Test3: Ok\n\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>


<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"=&gt; Test4: Test Thread-safeness\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pthread_t th_id<span class="token punctuation">[</span>PTHREAD_NUM<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> PTHREAD_NUM<span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">pthread_create</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span>th_id<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> thread<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> PTHREAD_NUM<span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">pthread_join</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>th_id<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"=&gt; Test4: Ok\n\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"\n\n=&gt; Test5: No Success Catch\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    Try
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"no catch A ,should Rethrow"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"=&gt; Test5: Rethrow Success\n\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"\n\n=&gt; Test6: Normal Test\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    Try
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"call A"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        <span class="token function">Catch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch A\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        Finally
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wxf nb\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"=&gt; Test6: ok\n\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>



}


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线程安全、try-catch、Debug测试代码 汇总

#include <stdio.h>
#include <setjmp.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdarg.h>

/* ** **** ******** **************** Thread safety **************** ******** **** ** */


#define ntyThreadLocalData                      pthread_key_t

#define ntyThreadLocalDataSet(key, value)       pthread_setspecific((key), (value))

#define ntyThreadLocalDataGet(key)              pthread_getspecific((key))

#define ntyThreadLocalDataCreate(key)           pthread_key_create(&(key), NULL)


ntyThreadLocalData ExceptionStack;


static void init_once(void) {

ntyThreadLocalDataCreate(ExceptionStack);

}


static pthread_once_t once_control = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;


void ntyExceptionInit(void) {

pthread_once(&once_control, init_once);

}


/* ** **** ******** **************** try / catch / finally / throw **************** ******** **** ** */


#define EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH                512


typedef struct _ntyException {

const char *name;

} ntyException;


ntyException SQLException = {"SQLException"};

ntyException TimeoutException = {"TimeoutException"};


typedef struct _ntyExceptionFrame {

jmp_buf env;


<span class="token keyword">int</span> line<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>func<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>file<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

ntyException <span class="token operator">*</span>exception<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token class-name">_ntyExceptionFrame</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>next<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">char</span> message<span class="token punctuation">[</span>EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>



} ntyExceptionFrame;


enum {

ExceptionEntered = 0,//0

ExceptionThrown,    //1

ExceptionHandled, //2

ExceptionFinalized//3

};


#define ntyExceptionPopStack    </span>

ntyThreadLocalDataSet(ExceptionStack, ((ntyExceptionFrame*)ntyThreadLocalDataGet(ExceptionStack))->next)


#define ReThrow                    ntyExceptionThrow(frame.exception, frame.func, frame.file, frame.line, NULL)

#define Throw(e, cause, ...)    ntyExceptionThrow(&(e), func, FILE, LINE, cause, ##VA_ARGS,NULL)


#define Try do {                                                                        </span>

volatile int Exception_flag;                                                </span>

ntyExceptionFrame frame;                                                    </span>

frame.message[0] = 0;                                                       </span>

frame.next = (ntyExceptionFrame*)ntyThreadLocalDataGet(ExceptionStack);     </span>

ntyThreadLocalDataSet(ExceptionStack, &frame);                              </span>

Exception_flag = setjmp(frame.env);                                         </span>

if (Exception_flag == ExceptionEntered) {


#define Catch(nty_exception) </span>

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered) ntyExceptionPopStack; </span>

} else if (frame.exception  &(nty_exception)) { </span>

Exception_flag = ExceptionHandled;


#define Finally </span>

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered) ntyExceptionPopStack; </span>

} { </span>

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered)    </span>

Exception_flag = ExceptionFinalized;

#define EndTry </span>

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered) ntyExceptionPopStack; </span>

} if (Exception_flag  ExceptionThrown) {ReThrow;} </span>

} while (0)


void ntyExceptionThrow(ntyException excep, const char func, const char file, int line, const char cause, ...) {

va_list ap;

ntyExceptionFrame frame = (ntyExceptionFrame ) ntyThreadLocalDataGet(ExceptionStack);


<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>frame<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token comment">//异常名</span>
    frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>exception <span class="token operator">=</span> excep<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>func <span class="token operator">=</span> func<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>file <span class="token operator">=</span> file<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>line <span class="token operator">=</span> line<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">//异常打印的信息</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>cause<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
        <span class="token function">va_start</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ap<span class="token punctuation">,</span> cause<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token function">vsnprintf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>message<span class="token punctuation">,</span> EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH<span class="token punctuation">,</span> cause<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ap<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token function">va_end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ap<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    ntyExceptionPopStack<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token function">longjmp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>frame<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>env<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ExceptionThrown<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token comment">//没有被catch,直接throw</span>
<span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>cause<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">char</span> message<span class="token punctuation">[</span>EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token function">va_start</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ap<span class="token punctuation">,</span> cause<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">vsnprintf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">,</span> EXCEPTION_MESSAGE_LENGTH<span class="token punctuation">,</span> cause<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ap<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">va_end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ap<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"%s: %s\n raised in %s at %s:%d\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> excep<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> message<span class="token punctuation">,</span> func <span class="token operator">?</span> func <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"?"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> file <span class="token operator">?</span> file <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"?"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> line<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"%s: %p\n raised in %s at %s:%d\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> excep<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> excep<span class="token punctuation">,</span> func <span class="token operator">?</span> func <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"?"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> file <span class="token operator">?</span> file <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"?"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> line<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>



}


/* ** **** ******** **************** debug **************** ******** **** ** */


ntyException A = {"AException"};

ntyException B = {"BException"};

ntyException C = {"CException"};

ntyException D = {"DException"};


void thread(void args) {

pthread_t selfid = pthread_self();

Try

{

Throw(A, "A");

}

Catch (A)

{

printf("catch A : %ld\n", selfid);

}

EndTry;


Try
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"B"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch B : %ld\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> selfid<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

Try
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"C"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch C : %ld\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> selfid<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

Try
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>D<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"D"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>D<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch D : %ld\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> selfid<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

Try
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"A Again"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"B Again"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"C Again"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>D<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"D Again"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch A again : %ld\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> selfid<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch B again : %ld\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> selfid<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch C again : %ld\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> selfid<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>D<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch B again : %ld\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> selfid<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>



}


#define PTHREAD_NUM        8


int main(void) {

ntyExceptionInit();


<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"\n\n=&gt; Test1: Throw\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>D<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>     <span class="token comment">//ntyExceptionThrow(&amp;(D), "_function_name_", "_file_name_", 202, ((void *) 0), ((void *) 0))</span>
    <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"null C"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//ntyExceptionThrow(&amp;(C), "_function_name_", "_file_name_", 203, "null C", ((void *) 0))</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"=&gt; Test1: Ok\n\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>


<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"\n\n=&gt; Test2: Try-Catch Double Nesting\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    Try
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                Try
                        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"call B"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
                    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
                        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch B \n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
                EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        <span class="token function">Catch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch A \n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Result: Ok\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"=&gt; Test2: Ok\n\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>


<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"\n\n=&gt; Test3: Try-Catch Triple  Nesting\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    Try
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                Try
                        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>

                            Try
                                    <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                                        <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"call C"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                                    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
                                <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
                                    <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                                        <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch C\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                                    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
                            EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                            <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"call B"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
                    <span class="token function">Catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>B<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
                        <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                            <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch B\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
                EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
                <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        <span class="token function">Catch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch A\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"=&gt; Test3: Ok\n\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>


<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"=&gt; Test4: Test Thread-safeness\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pthread_t th_id<span class="token punctuation">[</span>PTHREAD_NUM<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> PTHREAD_NUM<span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">pthread_create</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span>th_id<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> thread<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> PTHREAD_NUM<span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">pthread_join</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>th_id<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"=&gt; Test4: Ok\n\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"\n\n=&gt; Test5: No Success Catch\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    Try
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"no catch A ,should Rethrow"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"=&gt; Test5: Rethrow Success\n\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"\n\n=&gt; Test6: Normal Test\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    Try
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                <span class="token function">Throw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"call A"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        <span class="token function">Catch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>A<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"catch A\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        Finally
            <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
                <span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wxf nb\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    EndTry<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"=&gt; Test6: ok\n\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>



}


void all() {

///try

do {

volatile int Exception_flag;

ntyExceptionFrame frame;

frame.message[0] = 0;

frame.next = (ntyExceptionFrame ) pthread_getspecific((ExceptionStack));

pthread_setspecific((ExceptionStack), (&frame));

Exception_flag = _setjmp(frame.env);

if (Exception_flag == ExceptionEntered) {

///

{

///try

do {

volatile int Exception_flag;

ntyExceptionFrame frame;

frame.message[0] = 0;

frame.next = (ntyExceptionFrame ) pthread_getspecific((ExceptionStack));

pthread_setspecific((ExceptionStack), (&frame));

Exception_flag = _setjmp(frame.env);

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered) {

///

{

///Throw(B, "recall B"); --->longjmp ExceptionThrown

ntyExceptionThrow(&(B), "function_name", "file_name", 302, "recall B", ((void *) 0));

///

}

///Catch (B)

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered)

ntyExceptionPopStack;

}

else if (frame.exception  &(B)) {

Exception_flag = ExceptionHandled;

///

{    ///

printf("recall B \n");

///

}

fin

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered)

ntyExceptionPopStack;

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered)

Exception_flag = ExceptionFinalized;

/{

{

printf("fin\n");

};

}

///EndTry;

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered)

ntyExceptionPopStack;

}

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionThrown)

ntyExceptionThrow(frame.exception, frame.func, frame.file, frame.line, ((void ) 0));

} while (0);

///Throw(A, NULL); longjmp ExceptionThrown

ntyExceptionThrow(&(A), "function_name", "file_name", 329, ((void ) 0), ((void *) 0));

///

}

///Catch(A)

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered)

ntyExceptionPopStack;

}

else if (frame.exception  &(A)) {

Exception_flag = ExceptionHandled;

///

{

///

printf("\tResult: Ok\n");

///

}

/// EndTry;

if (Exception_flag  ExceptionEntered)

ntyExceptionPopStack;

}

if (Exception_flag == ExceptionThrown)

ntyExceptionThrow(frame.exception, frame.func, frame.file, frame.line, ((void *) 0));

} while (0);

///

}


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