Android——通过okhttp进行网络请求

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    package="com.example.myapplication">

    <!-- 互联网 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <!-- 存储卡 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:dataExtractionRules="@xml/data_extraction_rules"
        android:fullBackupContent="@xml/backup_rules"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.MyApplication"
        tools:targetApi="31">
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <RadioGroup
        android:id="@+id/rg_method"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="30dp"
        android:orientation="horizontal">

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/rb_get"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:checked="true"
            android:gravity="left|center"
            android:text="GET方式"
            android:textColor="@color/black"
            android:textSize="16sp" />

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/rb_post_form"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:checked="false"
            android:gravity="left|center"
            android:text="表单POST"
            android:textColor="@color/black"
            android:textSize="16sp" />

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/rb_post_json"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:checked="false"
            android:gravity="left|center"
            android:text="JSON POST"
            android:textColor="@color/black"
            android:textSize="16sp" />
    </RadioGroup>

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/ll_login"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:paddingLeft="5dp"
        android:paddingRight="5dp"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:visibility="gone">

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:orientation="horizontal">

            <TextView
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:text="用户名："
                android:textColor="@color/black"
                android:textSize="17sp" />

            <EditText
                android:id="@+id/et_username"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:background="@drawable/editext_selector"
                android:gravity="left|center"
                android:hint="请输入用户名"
                android:maxLength="11"
                android:textColor="@color/black"
                android:textSize="17sp" />
        </LinearLayout>

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
            android:orientation="horizontal">

            <TextView
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:text="密　码："
                android:textColor="@color/black"
                android:textSize="17sp" />

            <EditText
                android:id="@+id/et_password"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:background="@drawable/editext_selector"
                android:gravity="left|center"
                android:hint="请输入密码"
                android:inputType="numberPassword"
                android:maxLength="6"
                android:textColor="@color/black"
                android:textSize="17sp" />

        </LinearLayout>

    </LinearLayout>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_send"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发起接口调用"
        android:textColor="@color/black"
        android:textSize="17sp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_result"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:paddingLeft="5dp"
        android:textColor="@color/black"
        android:textSize="17sp" />
</LinearLayout>

package com.example.myapplication;

public class NetConst {
    // HTTP地址的前缀
    public final static String HTTP_PREFIX = "http://192.168.1.7:8080/HttpServer/";
    // WebSocket服务的前缀
    public final static String WEBSOCKET_PREFIX = "ws://192.168.1.7:8080/HttpServer/";
    public final static String BASE_IP = "192.168.1.7"; // 基础Socket服务的ip
    public final static int BASE_PORT = 9010; // 基础Socket服务的端口
    public final static String CHAT_IP = "192.168.1.7"; // 聊天Socket服务的ip
    public final static int CHAT_PORT = 9011; // 聊天Socket服务的端口
}

package com.example.myapplication;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.RadioGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import java.io.IOException;
import okhttp3.Call;
import okhttp3.Callback;
import okhttp3.FormBody;
import okhttp3.MediaType;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.RequestBody;
import okhttp3.Response;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private final static String TAG = "OkhttpCallActivity";
    private final static String URL_STOCK = "https://hq.sinajs.cn/list=s_sh000001";
    private final static String URL_LOGIN = NetConst.HTTP_PREFIX + "login";
    private LinearLayout ll_login; // 声明一个线性布局对象
    private EditText et_username; // 声明一个编辑框对象
    private EditText et_password; // 声明一个编辑框对象
    private TextView tv_result; // 声明一个文本视图对象
    private int mCheckedId = R.id.rb_get; // 当前选中的单选按钮资源编号

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ll_login = findViewById(R.id.ll_login);
        et_username = findViewById(R.id.et_username);
        et_password = findViewById(R.id.et_password);
        tv_result = findViewById(R.id.tv_result);
        RadioGroup rg_method = findViewById(R.id.rg_method);
        rg_method.setOnCheckedChangeListener((group, checkedId) -> {
            mCheckedId = checkedId;
            int visibility = mCheckedId == R.id.rb_get ? View.GONE : View.VISIBLE;
            ll_login.setVisibility(visibility);
        });
        findViewById(R.id.btn_send).setOnClickListener(v -> {
            if (mCheckedId == R.id.rb_get) {
                doGet(); // 发起GET方式的HTTP请求
            } else if (mCheckedId == R.id.rb_post_form) {
                postForm(); // 发起POST方式的HTTP请求（报文为表单格式）
            } else if (mCheckedId == R.id.rb_post_json) {
                postJson(); // 发起POST方式的HTTP请求（报文为JSON格式）
            }
        });
    }

    // 发起GET方式的HTTP请求
    private void doGet() {
        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); // 创建一个okhttp客户端对象

        // 创建一个GET方式的请求结构
        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                //.get() // 因为OkHttp默认采用get方式，所以这里可以不调get方法
                .header("Accept-Language", "zh-CN") // 给http请求添加头部信息
                .header("Referer", "https://finance.sina.com.cn") // 给http请求添加头部信息
                .url(URL_STOCK) // 指定http请求的调用地址
                .build();

        Call call = client.newCall(request); // 根据请求结构创建调用对象

        // 加入HTTP请求队列。异步调用，并设置接口应答的回调方法
        call.enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) { // 请求失败
                // 回到主线程操纵界面
                runOnUiThread(() -> tv_result.setText("调用股指接口报错："+e.getMessage()));
            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, final Response response) throws IOException { // 请求成功
                String resp = response.body().string();
                // 回到主线程操纵界面
                runOnUiThread(() -> tv_result.setText("调用股指接口返回：\n"+resp));
            }
        });
    }

    // 发起POST方式的HTTP请求（报文为表单格式）
    private void postForm() {

        String username = et_username.getText().toString();
        String password = et_password.getText().toString();

        // 创建一个表单对象
        FormBody body = new FormBody.Builder()
                .add("username", username)
                .add("password", password)
                .build();

        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); // 创建一个okhttp客户端对象

        // 创建一个POST方式的请求结构
        Request request = new Request.Builder().post(body).url(URL_LOGIN).build();

        Call call = client.newCall(request); // 根据请求结构创建调用对象

        // 加入HTTP请求队列。异步调用，并设置接口应答的回调方法
        call.enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) { // 请求失败
                // 回到主线程操纵界面
                runOnUiThread(() -> tv_result.setText("调用登录接口报错："+e.getMessage()));
            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, final Response response) throws IOException { // 请求成功
                String resp = response.body().string();
                // 回到主线程操纵界面
                runOnUiThread(() -> tv_result.setText("调用登录接口返回：\n"+resp));
            }
        });
    }

    // 发起POST方式的HTTP请求（报文为JSON格式）
    private void postJson() {
        String username = et_username.getText().toString();
        String password = et_password.getText().toString();
        String jsonString = "";

        try {
            JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
            jsonObject.put("username", username);
            jsonObject.put("password", password);
            jsonString = jsonObject.toString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        // 创建一个POST方式的请求结构
        RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(jsonString, MediaType.parse("text/plain;charset=utf-8"));

        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); // 创建一个okhttp客户端对象
        Request request = new Request.Builder().post(body).url(URL_LOGIN).build();

        Call call = client.newCall(request); // 根据请求结构创建调用对象

        // 加入HTTP请求队列。异步调用，并设置接口应答的回调方法
        call.enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) { // 请求失败
                // 回到主线程操纵界面
                runOnUiThread(() -> tv_result.setText("调用登录接口报错："+e.getMessage()));
            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, final Response response) throws IOException { // 请求成功
                String resp = response.body().string();
                // 回到主线程操纵界面
                runOnUiThread(() -> tv_result.setText("调用登录接口返回：\n"+resp));
            }
        });
    }

}