python ssh Linux机器 paramiko库的简单使用
以用户名密码方式连接Linux主机
def conn_by_password():
"""
1)
如果抛出异常:SSHException: Server '172.17.140.17' not found in known_hosts
则需要设置ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
用来自动保存到ip到known_hosts文件中
2)
如果抛出异常:paramiko.ssh_exception.AuthenticationException: Authentication failed.
则大概率是认证失败 用户名密码错误导致
3)
如果抛出异常:NoValidConnectionsError: [Errno None] Unable to connect to port 22 on 172.17.140.17
则大概率是linux机器的sshd服务未启动
"""
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ip = "172.17.140.17"
port = 22
username = "root"
passwd = "abc123"
timeout = 5
# 自动保存IP到known_hosts文件中, 否则可能抛出异常
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh.connect(ip, port, username, passwd, timeout=timeout)
print(f"连接成功:{ip}")
return ssh
# ssh.close()
# print("关闭成功")
以用户名私钥方式连接Linux主机
def conn_by_private_key():
"""
1)
如果抛出异常:SSHException: not a valid RSA private key file
则给定的文件不是私钥文件
2)
如果抛出异常:paramiko.ssh_exception.AuthenticationException: Authentication failed.
则大概率是认证失败 可能公钥没有放到Linux主机
"""
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ip = "172.17.140.17"
port = 22
username = "root"
filename = r"C:\Users\dell\.ssh\id_rsa"
timeout = 5
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(filename)
ssh.connect(ip, port, username, pkey=key, timeout=timeout)
print(f"连接成功:{ip}")
return ssh
# ssh.close()
# print("关闭成功")
执行Linux命令
def exec_cmd(cmd: str, ssh: paramiko.SSHClient):
cmd = cmd.strip()
_, out, err = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
out = out.read().decode()
err = err.read().decode()
return out, err