转至https://blog.csdn.net/cbc_19/article/details/121006441
Centos7 在线添加硬盘不重启系统
CentOS 7在线添加新磁盘,无需重启 现有环境基本都是线下server以及线上虚拟机等,几乎都支持热插拔,热扩容,所以在线添加新磁盘就尤为重要,这样可以无需中断当前服务或进程也可对其进行添加硬盘操作。
下列操作用虚拟机演示：
1.添加硬盘
虚拟机在线状态下对其进行添加硬盘操作，
此处添加 2 块 20G 的 scsi 盘
以上则是添加虚拟机磁盘的傻瓜式完整步骤。
添加完两块磁盘后点击确定。
2.控制台刷新
切回终端查看是否有新加的磁盘
由此可见是没有的。
[root@compute ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 160G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 158.9G 0 part ├─centos-root 253:0 0 103G 0 lvm / ├─centos-swap 253:1 0 5.9G 0 lvm [SWAP] └─centos-home 253:2 0 50G 0 lvm /home sr0 11:0 1 4.2G 0 rom [root@compute ~]#
现在使用下列命令对其进行刷新：
ls /sys/class/scsi_host/ echo '- - -' >/sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan echo '- - -' >/sys/class/scsi_host/host1/scan echo '- - -' >/sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan
再次刷新查看磁盘即可发现磁盘已被刷新出来
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 150G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 149G 0 part ├─centos-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm / ├─centos-swap 253:1 0 7.9G 0 lvm [SWAP] └─centos-home 253:2 0 91.1G 0 lvm /home sdb 8:16 0 60G 0 disk sr0 11:0 1 4.2G 0 rom
即可发现添加刷新成功。
注：图中磁盘大小和命令显示磁盘大小不一致，但操作不影响
Centos7在线添加添加硬盘不重启系统 Success！！
接下来对添加的磁盘，进行root目录扩容
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Device does not contain a recognized partition table Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xf94e704a. Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended Select (default p): Using default response p Partition number (1-4, default 1): First sector (2048-125829119, default 2048): Using default value 2048 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-125829119, default 125829119): Using default value 125829119 Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 60 GiB is set Command (m for help): Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
查看磁盘是否创建成功，会发现sdb下多了一个sdb1，即是成功
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 150G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 149G 0 part ├─centos-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm / ├─centos-swap 253:1 0 7.9G 0 lvm [SWAP] └─centos-home 253:2 0 91.1G 0 lvm /home sdb 8:16 0 60G 0 disk └─sdb1 8:17 0 60G 0 part sr0 11:0 1 4.2G 0 rom
创建pv卷
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
创建扩展vg卷
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name centos System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 3 Open LV 3 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size <149.00 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 38143 Alloc PE / Size 38142 / 148.99 GiB Free PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB VG UUID u2kTsr-4zBE-RIYe-gBgv-bC4W-Zfp0-Qp0r5o [root@localhost ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sdb1 Volume group "centos" successfully extended
扩展lv卷：（使用lvdisplay ,查看lv卷的路径，确认要扩展的lv卷是哪个）
[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/centos/root LV Name root VG Name centos LV UUID E3AGUF-VK8W-j8CF-qPec-WyjO-uexw-g2wDvr LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost, 2022-10-01 00:29:41 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 50.00 GiB Current LE 12800 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 8192 Block device 253:0 --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/centos/home LV Name home VG Name centos LV UUID sYivRD-1Uda-Qt8H-PoHf-zeS2-6Z7h-jP6VQY LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost, 2022-10-01 00:29:41 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size <91.12 GiB Current LE 23326 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 8192 Block device 253:2 --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/centos/swap LV Name swap VG Name centos LV UUID 0HqPth-SCIV-iySF-VnOk-p0jA-jbm6-M9o6US LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost, 2022-10-01 00:29:42 +0800 LV Status available # open 2 LV Size <7.88 GiB Current LE 2016 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 8192 Block device 253:1 [root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L +59G /dev/centos/root Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 50.00 GiB (12800 extents) to 109.00 GiB (27904 extents). Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
修改完会发现并未生效
[root@localhost ~]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 50G 19G 32G 38% / devtmpfs devtmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 3.9G 12M 3.8G 1% /run tmpfs tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 142M 873M 14% /boot /dev/mapper/centos-home xfs 92G 33M 92G 1% /home tmpfs tmpfs 781M 0 781M 0% /run/user/0
对其进行刷新
[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/centos-root resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) resize2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/mapper/centos-root Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock. [root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=3276800 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=13107200, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1 log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=6400, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 data blocks changed from 13107200 to 28573696
最后再进行查看，会发现centos-root目录下由50G扩展至109G了
[root@localhost ~]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 109G 19G 91G 18% / devtmpfs devtmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 3.9G 12M 3.8G 1% /run tmpfs tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 142M 873M 14% /boot /dev/mapper/centos-home xfs 92G 33M 92G 1% /home tmpfs tmpfs 781M 0 781M 0% /run/user/0
由此可见，不重启系统扩容磁盘和目录已成功！！