原文：https://blog.csdn.net/u012796139/article/details/38150417
学习ARM有一段时间了，现在做一个记录裸机程序，再网上看到了赵老师讲2440裸机程序的博客，写的很好，建议和我一样的初学者能好好的学习一下赵老师的博客，网址：http://blog.csdn.net/zhaocj/article/details/6118860，真心不错！给赵老师做一下广告，哈哈 ^_^
1 2440启动文件分析
由于启动文件无法仿真，可以再要判断的语句的地方加上一段点亮led小灯程序
ResetHandler ;系统上电或复位后，由0x0处的跳转指令，跳转到该处开始真正执行系统的初始化工作
2 2440外部中断
2440的外部中断引脚EINT与通用IO引脚F和G复用，要想使用中断功能，就要把相应的引脚配置成中断模式，如我们想把端口F0设置成外部中断，而其他引脚功能不变，则GPFCON=(GPFCON & ~0x3) | 0x2。配置完引脚后，还需要配置具体的中断功能。我们要打开某一中断的屏蔽，这样才能响应该中断，相对应的寄存器为INTMSK；还要设置外部中断的触发方式，如低电平、高电平、上升沿、下降沿等，相对应的寄存器为EXTINTn。另外由于EINT4到EINT7共用一个中断向量，EINT8到EINT23也共用一个中断向量，而INTMSK只负责总的中断向量的屏蔽，要具体打开某一具体的中断屏蔽，还需要设置EINTMASK。
SRCPND和INTPND
S3C2440A有两个中断挂起寄存器：源挂起寄存器（SRCPND）和中断挂起寄存器（INTPND）。这些挂起寄存器表明一个中断请求是否为挂起。当中断源请求中断服务，SRCPND寄存器的相应位被置位为1，并且同时在仲裁步骤后INTPND 寄存器仅有1位自动置位为1。如果屏蔽了中断，则SRCPND寄存器的相应位被置位为1。这并不会引起INTPND 寄存器的位的改变。当INTPND 寄存器的挂起位为置位，每当I 标志或F标志被清除为0中断服务程序将开始。SRCPND和INTPND寄存器可以被读取和写入，因此服务程序必须首先通过写1到SRCPND寄存器的相应位来清除挂起状态并且通过相同方法来清除INTPND寄存器中挂起状态
3 2440的PWM应用
s3c2440芯片中一共有5个16位的定时器，其中有4个定时器（定时器0~定时器3）具有脉宽调制功能，因此用s3c2440可以很容易地实现PWM功能。下面就具体介绍如何实现PWM功能。
1、PWM是通过引脚TOUT0~TOUT3输出的，而这4个引脚是与GPB0~GPB3复用的，因此要实现PWM功能首先要把相应的引脚配置成TOUT输出。
2、再设置定时器的输出时钟频率，它是以PCLK为基准，再除以用寄存器TCFG0配置的prescaler参数，和用寄存器TCFG1配置的divider参数。
3、然后设置脉冲的具体宽度，它的基本原理是通过寄存器TCNTBn来对寄存器TCNTn（内部寄存器）进行配置计数，TCNTn是递减的，如果减到零，则它又会重新装载TCNTBn里的数，重新开始计数，而寄存器TCMPBn作为比较寄存器与计数值进行比较，当TCNTn等于TCMPBn时，TOUTn输出的电平会翻转，而当TCNTn减为零时，电平会又翻转过来，就这样周而复始。因此这一步的关键是设置寄存器TCNTBn和TCMPBn，前者可以确定一个计数周期的时间长度，而后者可以确定方波的占空比。由于s3c2440的定时器具有双缓存，因此可以在定时器运行的状态下，改变这两个寄存器的值，它会在下个周期开始有效。
4、最后就是对PWM的控制，它是通过寄存器TCON来实现的，一般来说每个定时器主要有4个位要配置（定时器0多一个死区位）：启动/终止位，用于启动和终止定时器；手动更新位，用于手动更新TCNTBn和TCMPBn，这里要注意的是在开始定时时，一定要把这位清零，否则是不能开启定时器的；输出反转位，用于改变输出的电平方向，使原先是高电平输出的变为低电平，而低电平的变为高电平；自动重载位，用于TCNTn减为零后重载TCNTBn里的值，当不想计数了，可以使自动重载无效，这样在TCNTn减为零后，不会有新的数加载给它，那么TOUTn输出会始终保持一个电平（输出反转位为0时，是高电平输出；输出反转位为1时，是低电平输出），这样就没有PWM功能了，因此这一位可以用于停止PWM。
TCFG0 = 0xFFFF00;
TCFG0 |= 0x31; //低8为时钟的分频数
TCFG1 &= ~0xF; //1/2，PCLK=50MHz,所有50MHz/25/2=500KHz
TCNTB0 = 5000;
TCMPB0 = freq;
TCON &= ~0x1F;
TCON |= 0xF; //死区无效，自动装载，电平反转，手动更新，定时器开启
TCON &= ~0x2; //手动更新位清零，PWM开始工作
4 2440的PWM应用
在s3c2440中，有2个不同的PLL，一个是MPLL，另一个是UPLL。UPLL是给USB提供48MHz。在这里，我们主要介绍MPLL。外部时钟源经过MPLL处理后能够得到三个不同的系统时钟：FCLK、HCLK和PCLK。FCLK是主频时钟，用于ARM920T内核；HCLK用于AHB总线设备，如ARM920T，内存控制，中断控制，LCD控制，DMA以及USB主模块；PCLK用于APB总线设备，如外围设备的看门狗，IIS，I2C，PWM，MMC接口，ADC，UART，GPIO，RTC以及SPI。这三个系统时钟（FCLK、HCLK和PCLK）是有一定的比例关系，这种关系是通过寄存器CLKDIVN中的HDIVN位和PDIVN位来控制的，因此我们只要知道了FCLK，再通过这两位的控制，就能确定HCLK和PCLK。而FCLK是如何得到的呢？它是通过输入时钟（即外部时钟源）的频率，经过一个计算公式（具体公式请查阅数据手册）得到的，这个计算公式还需要三个参数（MDIV、PDIV、SDIV），而这三个参数是经过寄存器MPLLCON配置得到的。最后，我们用最清晰的线路来绘制一下时钟的产生过程：外部时钟源→通过寄存器MPLLCON得到FCLK→再通过寄存器CLKDIVN得到HCLK和PCLK。这个配置过程在启动文件中就已完成。
TCFG0 ：定时器配置寄存器0，配置2个8位预分频器
[23:16] ：死区长度
[16:8] ：precsaler1，决定定时器2，3，4预分频值
[7:0] ：prescaler0，决定定时器0,1的预分频值
5 2440的UART应用
s3c2440提供了三个UART端口，它们都可以通过查询、中断和DMA方式传输数据，而且每个UART都分别有一个64个字节的接收FIFO和一个64个字节的发送FIFO。
要实现某种通信，就必须遵循该通信协议。UART的协议包括传输数据的位数，停止位的位数，以及是否进行奇偶校验，这些设置是利用ULCONn寄存器完成的。另一个很重要的地方就是设置波特率。s3c2440波特率的时钟源有三个：PCLK、FCLK/n和UEXTCLK。时钟源的选择是由UCONn的第10位和第11位来完成的。波特率的具体计算公式为：
时钟源频率÷（波特率×16）－1
RS-232C标准采用的是负逻辑方式，逻辑1对用-15到-5V，逻辑0对应5到15V
S3C2440A 的 UART（通用异步串行接口）单元提供了三个独立的异步串行 I/O 端口，每个
都可以在中断和 DMA 两种模式下进行，他们支持的最高波特率是 115.2Kbps。每个 UART 通道包含 2 个 64 字节 FIFO 分别提供个接收和发送。
GPH7 [15:14] 00 = 输入 01 = 输出 10 = RXD[2] 11 = nCTS1
GPH6 [13:12] 00 = 输入 01 = 输出 10 = TXD[2] 11 = nRTS1
GPH5 [11:10] 00 = 输入 01 = 输出 10 = RXD[1] 11 = 保留
GPH4 [9:8] 00 = 输入 01 = 输出 10 = TXD[1] 11 = 保留
GPH3 [7:6] 00 = 输入 01 = 输出 10 = RXD[0] 11 = 保留
GPH2 [5:4] 00 = 输入 01 = 输出 10 = TXD[0] 11 = 保留
6 2440的NAND Flash应用
NAND Flash引导启动模式中必须选择GPG[15:13]为输入。
当复位时，NAND Flash控制器将通过引脚状态（NCON(先进闪存), GPG13(页大小)，GPG14(地址周期)，GPG15(总线宽度)—请参考引脚配置）来获取连接的NAND Flash的信息，在发生掉电或系统复位后，NAND Flash控制器自动加载4K字节的BootLoader代码。在加载完BootLoader代码后，Steppingstone中的BootLoader代码已经执行了
D[7:0] : 数据/命令/地址/的输入/输出口（与数据总线共享）
CLE : 命令锁存使能 (输出)
ALE : 地址锁存使能（输出）
nFCE : NAND Flash 片选使能（输出）
nFRE : NAND Flash 读使能 (输出)
nFWE : NAND Flash 写使能 (输出)
R/nB : NAND Flash 准备好/繁忙（输入）
//-------------- s3c2440的头文件 ----------------------------
/***********************************************************************/
/* This file is part of the uVision/ARM development tools */
/* Copyright KEIL - An ARM Company 2002-2007 */
/***********************************************************************/
/* */
/* S3C2440.H: Header file for Samsung S3C2440 */
/* */
/***********************************************************************/
#ifndef __S3C2440_H
#define __S3C2440_H
// Memory Controllers
#define BWSCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000000)
#define BANKCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000004)
#define BANKCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000008)
#define BANKCON2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4800000C)
#define BANKCON3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000010)
#define BANKCON4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000014)
#define BANKCON5 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000018)
#define BANKCON6 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4800001C)
#define BANKCON7 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000020)
#define REFRESH (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000024)
#define BANKSIZE (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000028)
#define MRSRB6 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4800002C)
#define MRSRB7 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000030)
// USB Host Controller
#define HcRevision (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000000)
#define HcControl (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000004)
#define HcCommonStatus (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000008)
#define HcInterruptStatus (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4900000C)
#define HcInterruptEnable (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000010)
#define HcInterruptDisable (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000014)
#define HcHCCA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000018)
#define HcPeriodCuttentED (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4900001C)
#define HcControlHeadED (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000020)
#define HcControlCurrentED (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000024)
#define HcBulkHeadED (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000028)
#define HcBulkCurrentED (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4900002C)
#define HcDoneHead (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000030)
#define HcRmInterval (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000034)
#define HcFmRemaining (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000038)
#define HcFmNumber (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4900003C)
#define HcPeriodicStart (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000040)
#define HcLSTreshold (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000044)
#define HcRhDescriptorA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000048)
#define HcRhDescriptorB (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4900004C)
#define HcRhStatus (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000050)
#define HcRhPortStatus1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000054)
#define HcRhPortStatus2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000058)
// Interrupt Controller
#define SRCPND (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A000000)
#define INTMOD (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A000004)
#define INTMSK (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A000008)
#define PRIORITY (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A00000C)
#define INTPND (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A000010)
#define INTOFFSET (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A000014)
#define SUBSRCPND (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A000018)
#define INTSUBMSK (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A00001C)
// DMA
#define DISRC0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000000)
#define DISRCC0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000004)
#define DIDST0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000008)
#define DIDSTC0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B00000C)
#define DCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000010)
#define DSTAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000014)
#define DCSRC0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000018)
#define DCDST0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B00001C)
#define DMASKTRIG0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000020)
#define DISRC1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000040)
#define DISRCC1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000044)
#define DIDST1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000048)
#define DIDSTC1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B00004C)
#define DCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000050)
#define DSTAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000054)
#define DCSRC1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000058)
#define DCDST1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B00005C)
#define DMASKTRIG1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000060)
#define DISRC2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000080)
#define DISRCC2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000084)
#define DIDST2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000088)
#define DIDSTC2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B00008C)
#define DCON2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000090)
#define DSTAT2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000094)
#define DCSRC2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000098)
#define DCDST2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B00009C)
#define DMASKTRIG2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000a0)
#define DISRC3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000C0)
#define DISRCC3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000C4)
#define DIDST3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000C8)
#define DIDSTC3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000CC)
#define DCON3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000D0)
#define DSTAT3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000D4)
#define DCSRC3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000D8)
#define DCDST3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000DC)
#define DMASKTRIG3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000E0)
// Clock & Power Management
#define LOCKTIME (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4C000000)
#define MPLLCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4C000004)
#define UPLLCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4C000008)
#define CLKCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4C00000C)
#define CLKSLOW (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4C000010)
#define CLKDIVN (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4C000014)
#define CAMDIVN (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4C000018)
// LCD Controller
#define LCDCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000000)
#define LCDCON2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000004)
#define LCDCON3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000008)
#define LCDCON4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D00000C)
#define LCDCON5 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000010)
#define LCDSADDR1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000014)
#define LCDSADDR2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000018)
#define LCDSADDR3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D00001C)
#define REDLUT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000020)
#define GREENLUT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000024)
#define BLUELUT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000028)
#define DITHMODE (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D00004C)
#define TPAL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000050)
#define LCDINTPND (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000054)
#define LCDSRCPND (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000058)
#define LCDINTMSK (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D00005C)
#define LPCSEL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000060)
#define PALETTE 0x4D000400
// NAND flash
#define NFCONF (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000000)
#define NFCONT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000004)
#define NFCMD (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000008)
#define NFADDR (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E00000C)
#define NFDATA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000010)
#define NFMECCD0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000014)
#define NFMECCD1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000018)
#define NFSECCD (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E00001C)
#define NFSTAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000020)
#define NFESTAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000024)
#define NFESTAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000028)
#define NFMECC0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E00002C)
#define NFMECC1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000030)
#define NFSECC (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000034)
#define NFSBLK (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000038)
#define NFEBLK (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E00003C)
// Camera Interface
#define CISRCFMT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000000)
#define CIWDOFST (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000004)
#define CIGCTRL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000008)
#define CICOYSA1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000018)
#define CICOYSA2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00001C)
#define CICOYSA3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000020)
#define CICOYSA4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000024)
#define CICOCBSA1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000028)
#define CICOCBSA2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00002C)
#define CICOCBSA3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000030)
#define CICOCBSA4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000034)
#define CICORSA1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000038)
#define CICORSA2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00003C)
#define CICORSA3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000040)
#define CICORSA4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000044)
#define CICOTRGFMT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000048)
#define CICOCTRL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00004C)
#define CICOSCPRERATIO (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000050)
#define CICOSCPREDST (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000054)
#define CICOSCCTRL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000058)
#define CICOTAREA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00005C)
#define CICOSTATUS (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000064)
#define CIPRCLRSA1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00006C)
#define CIPRCLRSA2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000070)
#define CIPRCLRSA3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000074)
#define CIPRCLRSA4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000078)
#define CIPRTRGFMT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00007C)
#define CIPRCTRL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000080)
#define CIPRSCPRERATIO (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000084)
#define CIPRSCPREDST (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000088)
#define CIPRSCCTRL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00008C)
#define CIPRTAREA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000090)
#define CIPRSTATUS (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000098)
#define CIIMGCPT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F0000A0)
// UART
#define ULCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50000000)
#define UCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50000004)
#define UFCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50000008)
#define UMCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5000000C)
#define UTRSTAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50000010)
#define UERSTAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50000014)
#define UFSTAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50000018)
#define UMSTAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5000001C)
#define UTXH0 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50000020)
#define URXH0 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50000024)
#define UBRDIV0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50000028)
#define ULCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50004000)
#define UCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50004004)
#define UFCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50004008)
#define UMCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5000400C)
#define UTRSTAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50004010)
#define UERSTAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50004014)
#define UFSTAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50004018)
#define UMSTAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5000401C)
#define UTXH1 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50004020)
#define URXH1 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50004024)
#define UBRDIV1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50004028)
#define ULCON2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50008000)
#define UCON2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50008004)
#define UFCON2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50008008)
#define UMCON2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5000800C)
#define UTRSTAT2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50008010)
#define UERSTAT2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50008014)
#define UFSTAT2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50008018)
#define UTXH2 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50008020)
#define URXH2 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50008024)
#define UBRDIV2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50008028)
#ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
#undef UTXH0
#define UTXH0 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50000023)
#undef URXH0
#define URXH0 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50000027)
#undef UTXH1
#define UTXH1 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50004023)
#undef URXH1
#define URXH1 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50004027)
#undef UTXH2
#define UTXH2 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50008023)
#undef URXH2
#define URXH2 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50008027)
#endif
// PWM Timer
#define TCFG0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000000)
#define TCFG1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000004)
#define TCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000008)
#define TCNTB0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5100000C)
#define TCMPB0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000010)
#define TCNTO0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000014)
#define TCNTB1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000018)
#define TCMPB1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5100001C)
#define TCNTO1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000020)
#define TCNTB2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000024)
#define TCMPB2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000028)
#define TCNTO2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5100002C)
#define TCNTB3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000030)
#define TCMPB3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000034)
#define TCNTO3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000038)
#define TCNTB4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5100003C)
#define TCNTO4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000040)
// USB Device
#ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
#define FUNC_ADDR_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000143)
#define PWR_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000147)
#define EP_INT_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200014B)
#define USB_INT_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200015B)
#define EP_INT_EN_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200015F)
#define USB_INT_EN_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200016F)
#define FRAME_NUM1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000173)
#define FRAME_NUM2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000177)
#define INDEX_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200017B)
#define MAXP_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000183)
#define EP0_CSR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000187)
#define IN_CSR1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000187)
#define IN_CSR2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200018B)
#define OUT_CSR1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000193)
#define OUT_CSR2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000197)
#define OUT_FIFO_CNT1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200019B)
#define OUT_FIFO_CNT2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200019F)
#define EP0_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001C3)
#define EP1_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001C7)
#define EP2_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001CF)
#define EP3_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001CF)
#define EP4_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001D3)
#define EP1_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000203)
#define EP1_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000207)
#define EP1_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200020B)
#define EP1_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200020F)
#define EP1_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000213)
#define EP1_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000217)
#define EP2_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200021B)
#define EP2_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200021F)
#define EP2_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000223)
#define EP2_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000227)
#define EP2_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200022B)
#define EP2_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200022F)
#define EP3_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000243)
#define EP3_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000247)
#define EP3_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200024B)
#define EP3_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200024F)
#define EP3_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000253)
#define EP3_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000257)
#define EP4_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200025B)
#define EP4_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200025F)
#define EP4_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000263)
#define EP4_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000267)
#define EP4_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200026B)
#define EP4_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200026F)
#else // Little Endian
#define FUNC_ADDR_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000140)
#define PWR_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000144)
#define EP_INT_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000148)
#define USB_INT_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000158)
#define EP_INT_EN_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200015C)
#define USB_INT_EN_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200016C)
#define FRAME_NUM1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000170)
#define FRAME_NUM2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000174)
#define INDEX_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000178)
#define MAXP_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000180)
#define EP0_CSR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000184)
#define IN_CSR1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000184)
#define IN_CSR2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000188)
#define OUT_CSR1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000190)
#define OUT_CSR2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000194)
#define OUT_FIFO_CNT1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000198)
#define OUT_FIFO_CNT2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200019C)
#define EP0_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001C0)
#define EP1_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001C4)
#define EP2_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001C8)
#define EP3_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001CC)
#define EP4_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001D0)
#define EP1_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000200)
#define EP1_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000204)
#define EP1_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000208)
#define EP1_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200020C)
#define EP1_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000210)
#define EP1_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000214)
#define EP2_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000218)
#define EP2_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200021C)
#define EP2_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000220)
#define EP2_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000224)
#define EP2_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000228)
#define EP2_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200022C)
#define EP3_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000240)
#define EP3_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000244)
#define EP3_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000248)
#define EP3_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200024C)
#define EP3_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000250)
#define EP3_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000254)
#define EP4_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000258)
#define EP4_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200025C)
#define EP4_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000260)
#define EP4_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000264)
#define EP4_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000268)
#define EP4_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200026C)
#endif
// Watchdog Timer
#define WTCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x53000000)
#define WTDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x53000004)
#define WTCNT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x53000008)
// IIC
#define IICCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x54000000)
#define IICSTAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x54000004)
#define IICADD (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x54000008)
#define IICDS (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5400000C)
#define IICLC (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x54000010)
// IIS
#define IISCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x55000000)
#define IISMOD (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x55000004)
#define IISPSR (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x55000008)
#define IISFCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5500000C)
#define IISFIFO (*(volatile unsigned short*) 0x55000010)
#ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
#undef IISFIFO
#define IISFIFO (*(volatile unsigned short*) 0x55000012)
#endif
// I/O port
#define GPACON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000000)
#define GPADAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000004)
#define GPBCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000010)
#define GPBDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000014)
#define GPBUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000018)
#define GPCCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000020)
#define GPCDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000024)
#define GPCUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000028)
#define GPDCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000030)
#define GPDDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000034)
#define GPDUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000038)
#define GPECON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000040)
#define GPEDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000044)
#define GPEUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000048)
#define GPFCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000050)
#define GPFDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000054)
#define GPFUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000058)
#define GPGCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000060)
#define GPGDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000064)
#define GPGUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000068)
#define GPHCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000070)
#define GPHDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000074)
#define GPHUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000078)
#define GPJCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000D0)
#define GPJDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000D4)
#define GPJUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000D8)
#define MISCCR (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000080)
#define DCLKCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000084)
#define EXTINT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000088)
#define EXTINT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5600008C)
#define EXTINT2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000090)
#define EINTFLT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000094)
#define EINTFLT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000098)
#define EINTFLT2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5600009C)
#define EINTFLT3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000A0)
#define EINTMASK (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000A4)
#define EINTPEND (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000A8)
#define GSTATUS0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000AC)
#define GSTATUS1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000B0)
#define GSTATUS2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000B4)
#define GSTATUS3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000B8)
#define GSTATUS4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000BC)
#define MSLCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000CC)
// RTC
#ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
#define RTCCON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000043)
#define TICNT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000047)
#define RTCALM (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000053)
#define ALMSEC (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000057)
#define ALMMIN (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700005B)
#define ALMHOUR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700005F)
#define ALMDATE (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000063)
#define ALMMON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000067)
#define ALMYEAR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700006B)
#define RTCRST (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700006F)
#define BCDSEC (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000073)
#define BCDMIN (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000077)
#define BCDHOUR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700007B)
#define BCDDATE (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700007F)
#define BCDDAY (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000083)
#define BCDMON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000087)
#define BCDYEAR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700008B)
#else //Little Endian
#define RTCCON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000040)
#define TICNT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000044)
#define RTCALM (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000050)
#define ALMSEC (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000054)
#define ALMMIN (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000058)
#define ALMHOUR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700005C)
#define ALMDATE (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000060)
#define ALMMON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000064)
#define ALMYEAR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000068)
#define RTCRST (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700006C)
#define BCDSEC (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000070)
#define BCDMIN (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000074)
#define BCDHOUR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000078)
#define BCDDATE (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700007C)
#define BCDDAY (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000080)
#define BCDMON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000084)
#define BCDYEAR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000088)
#endif
// A/D Converter
#define ADCCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x58000000)
#define ADCTSC (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x58000004)
#define ADCDLY (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x58000008)
#define ADCDAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5800000C)
#define ADCDAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x58000010)
#define ADCUPDN (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x58000014)
// SPI
#define SPCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000000)
#define SPSTA0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000004)
#define SPPIN0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000008)
#define SPPRE0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5900000C)
#define SPTDAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000010)
#define SPRDAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000014)
#define SPCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000020)
#define SPSTA1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000024)
#define SPPIN1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000028)
#define SPPRE1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5900002C)
#define SPTDAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000030)
#define SPRDAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000034)
// SD Interface
#define SDICON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000000)
#define SDIPRE (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000004)
#define SDICARG (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000008)
#define SDICCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A00000C)
#define SDICSTA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000010)
#define SDIRSP0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000014)
#define SDIRSP1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000018)
#define SDIRSP2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A00001C)
#define SDIRSP3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000020)
#define SDIDTIMER (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000024)
#define SDIBSIZE (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000028)
#define SDIDCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A00002C)
#define SDIDCNT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000030)
#define SDIDSTA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000034)
#define SDIFSTA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000038)
#define SDIIMSK (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A00003C)
#define SDIDAT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5A000040)
#ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
#undef SDIDAT
#define SDIDAT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5A000043)
#endif
// AC97 Audio-CODEC Interface
#define AC_GLBCTRL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B000000)
#define AC_GLBSTAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B000004)
#define AC_CODEC_CMD (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B000008)
#define AC_CODEC_STAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B00000C)
#define AC_PCMADDR (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B000010)
#define AC_MICADDR (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B000014)
#define AC_PCMDATA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B000018)
#define AC_MICDATA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B00001C)
// Interrupt Pending Bit
#define BIT_EINT0 (1 << 0)
#define BIT_EINT1 (1 << 1)
#define BIT_EINT2 (1 << 2)
#define BIT_EINT3 (1 << 3)
#define BIT_EINT4_7 (1 << 4)
#define BIT_EINT8_23 (1 << 5)
#define BIT_CAM (1 << 6)
#define BIT_nBAT_FLT (1 << 7)
#define BIT_TICK (1 << 8)
#define BIT_WDT_AC97 (1 << 9)
#define BIT_TIMER0 (1 << 10)
#define BIT_TIMER1 (1 << 11)
#define BIT_TIMER2 (1 << 12)
#define BIT_TIMER3 (1 << 13)
#define BIT_TIMER4 (1 << 14)
#define BIT_UART2 (1 << 15)
#define BIT_LCD (1 << 16)
#define BIT_DMA0 (1 << 17)
#define BIT_DMA1 (1 << 18)
#define BIT_DMA2 (1 << 19)
#define BIT_DMA3 (1 << 20)
#define BIT_SDI (1 << 21)
#define BIT_SPI0 (1 << 22)
#define BIT_UART1 (1 << 23)
#define BIT_NFCON (1 << 24)
#define BIT_USBD (1 << 25)
#define BIT_USBH (1 << 26)
#define BIT_IIC (1 << 27)
#define BIT_UART0 (1 << 28)
#define BIT_SPI1 (1 << 29)
#define BIT_RTC (1 << 30)
#define BIT_ADC (1 << 31)
#define BIT_ALLMSK (0xFFFFFFFF)
#define BIT_SUB_RXD0 (1 << 0)
#define BIT_SUB_TXD0 (1 << 1)
#define BIT_SUB_ERR0 (1 << 2)
#define BIT_SUB_RXD1 (1 << 3)
#define BIT_SUB_TXD1 (1 << 4)
#define BIT_SUB_ERR1 (1 << 5)
#define BIT_SUB_RXD2 (1 << 6)
#define BIT_SUB_TXD2 (1 << 7)
#define BIT_SUB_ERR2 (1 << 8)
#define BIT_SUB_TC (1 << 9)
#define BIT_SUB_ADC_S (1 << 10)
#define BIT_SUB_CAM_C (1 << 11)
#define BIT_SUB_CAM_P (1 << 12)
#define BIT_SUB_WDT (1 << 13)
#define BIT_SUB_AC97 (1 << 14)
#define BIT_SUB_ALLMSK (0x000007FF)
#define ClearPending(bit) { SRCPND = bit; \
INTPND = INTPND; }
#endif // __S3C2440_H
//-------------- GPIO操作的头文件 ----------------------------
#ifndef _GPIO_H_
#define _GPIO_H_
#include "s3c2440.h"
void Delay(int x);
void Led_Init(void);
void Led_ON(int x);
void Led_OFF(int x);
void Bell_Init(void);
void Bell_ON(void);
void Bell_OFF(void);
void Key_Init(void);
int Key_Scan(void);
#endif
//-------------- GPIO操作的源文件 ----------------------------
/*
;
; 文件名：init.s
; 说明： 启动代码
;
AREA |DATA|, CODE, READONLY
ENTRY
ldr r13, =0x1000
IMPORT timerMain
b timerMain ;我是在
END
;----------------- the end of init.s ----------------------
*/
/*
* 文件：led.c
* 说明：有关LED控制的函数
*/
/*
LED借口说明
LED0 ----- GPB5
LED1 ----- GPB6
LED2 ----- GPB8
LED3 ----- GPB10
*/
void Delay(int x)
{
int i=0;
while(x)
{
for(i = 0; i < 2000; i++);
x--;
}
}
void Led_Init(void)
{
GPBCON &= 0xCCC3FF;
GPBCON |= 0x111400;//GPB5, GPB6, GPB8, GPB10设置为输出
GPBDAT |= ((1<<5) | (1<<6) | (1<<8) | (1<<10));//关闭LED
GPBUP = 0x00;
}
void Led_ON(int x)
{
switch(x)
{
case 0: GPBDAT &= ~(1<<5); break;
case 1: GPBDAT &= ~(1<<6); break;
case 2: GPBDAT &= ~(1<<8); break;
case 3: GPBDAT &= ~(1<<10); break;
default: break;
}
}
void Led_OFF(int x)
{
switch(x)
{
case 0: GPBDAT |= (1<<5); break;
case 1: GPBDAT |= (1<<6); break;
case 2: GPBDAT |= (1<<8); break;
case 3: GPBDAT |= (1<<10); break;
default: break;
}
}
// ----------------------- the end of bell.c ---------------------
/*
* 文件：bell.c
* 说明：有关bell控制的函数
*/
/*
bell接口说明
BELL ----- GPB0
*/
void Bell_Init(void)
{
GPBCON &= ~0x3;
GPBCON |= 0x1;
GPBUP &= ~0x1;//使能上拉
}
void Bell_ON(void)
{
GPBDAT |= 0x1;
}
void Bell_OFF(void)
{
GPBDAT &= ~0x1; H*
}
// ----------------------- the end of bell.c ---------------------
/*
* 文件：key.c
* 说明：有关key控制的函数
*/
/*
按键接口说明
GPF0 ------ 按键S2------- key1
GPF2 ------ 按键S3------- key2
GPF3 ------ 按键S4------- key3
GPF4 ------ 按键S5------- key4
*/
static void Key_Delay(void)
{
int n;
for(n = 0; n < 1000; n++);
}
void Key_Init(void)
{
GPFCON &= ~(3<<0 | 3<<2*2 | 3<<2*3 | 3<<2*4);
GPFUP &= ~(1<<0 | 1<<2 | 1<<3 | 1<<4);
}
/*
* 函数：Key_Scan
* 说明：扫描按键，返回被按下按键的值
* 返回值：对应按键的值
*/
int Key_Scan(void)
{
int tmp = 0;
if((GPFDAT&0x01) == 0)
{
Key_Delay();
if((GPFDAT&0x01) == 0)
{
while((GPFDAT&0x01) == 0);
tmp = 1;
}
}
if((GPFDAT&0x04) == 0)
{
Key_Delay();
if((GPFDAT&0x04) == 0)
{
while((GPFDAT&0x04) == 0);
tmp = 2;
}
}
if((GPFDAT&0x08) == 0)
{
Key_Delay();
if((GPFDAT&0x08) == 0)
{
while((GPFDAT&0x08) == 0);
tmp = 3;
}
}
if((GPFDAT&0x10) == 0)
{
Key_Delay();
if((GPFDAT&0x10) == 0)
{
while((GPFDAT&0x10) == 0);
tmp = 4;
}
}
return tmp;
}
// ----------------------- the end of key.c ---------------------
//-------------- watchdog操作的头文件 ----------------------------
#ifndef _WATCHDOG_H_
#define _WATCHDOG_H_
#include "s3c440.h"
void watchdog_Init(void);
#endif
/* --------------- 应用实例 ------------------
void timer(void)
{
//int n;
//char str[] = "luoxn28\n";
Led_Init();
Bell_Init();
Key_Init();
UART0_Init();
watchdog_Init();
ISR_WDT_AC97 = (u32)watchdog;
//UART_SendString("\n the old data:\n");
while(1)
{
Led_ON(0);
Delay(200);
Led_OFF(0);
Delay(200);
//WTCNT = 50000; //喂狗，重新赋值，防止中断
Led_ON(1);
Delay(200);
Led_OFF(1);
Delay(200);
//WTCNT = 50000; //喂狗，重新赋值，防止中断
}
}
*/
//-------------- watchdog操作的源文件 ----------------------------
#include "watchdog.h"
#define _ISR_STARTADD 0x33FFFF00
#define ISR_WDT_AC97 (*(unsigned *)(_ISR_STARTADD + 0x44))
char cnt = 0;
__irq void watchdog(void)
{
cnt++;
if((cnt%2) == 1)
{
Led_ON(2);
UART_SendString("\n Led_ON(2)\n");
}
else
{
Led_ON(3);
UART_SendString("\n Led_ON(3)\n");
}
UART_SendChar((char)(cnt/100 + '0'));
UART_SendChar(cnt/10%10 + '0');
UART_SendChar(cnt%10 + '0');
//清中断标志位
SRCPND = 0x1<<9;
SUBSRCPND = 0x1<<13;
INTPND = 0x1<<9;
WTCNT = 50000;
}
//看门狗产生中断方式
void watchdog_Init(void)
{
WTCON = 0xf9<<8; //Prescaler = 249，Division = 16，时钟频率为12.5kHz
//禁止看门狗复位
WTDAT = 50000; //设置看门狗定时器超时时间为4秒（50÷12.5）
WTCNT = 50000;
WTCON |= (1<<5)|(1<<2); //开启看门狗定时器中断
SRCPND = 0x1<<9;
SUBSRCPND = 0x1<<13;
INTPND = 0x1<<9;
INTSUBMSK = ~(0x1<<13); //打开中断子屏蔽
INTMSK = ~(0x1<<9); //打开中断屏蔽
}
//-------------- nanflash操作的头文件 ----------------------------
#ifndef _NANDFLASH_H_
#define _NANDFLASH_H_
#include "s3c2440.h"
typedef unsigned int u32;
typedef unsigned char u8;
#define CMD_READ1 0x00 //页读命令周期1
#define CMD_READ2 0x30 //页读命令周期2
#define CMD_READID 0x90 //读ID命令
#define CMD_WRITE1 0x80 //页写命令周期1
#define CMD_WRITE2 0x10 //页写命令周期2
#define CMD_ERASE1 0x60 //块擦除命令周期1
#define CMD_ERASE2 0xd0 //块擦除命令周期2
#define CMD_STATUS 0x70 //读状态命令
#define CMD_RESET 0xff //复位
#define CMD_RANDOMREAD1 0x05 //随意读命令周期1
#define CMD_RANDOMREAD2 0xE0 //随意读命令周期2
#define CMD_RANDOMWRITE 0x85 //随意写命令
#define NFDATA8 (*(volatile unsigned char *)0x4E000010)
#define NF_CMD(data) NFCMD = (data) //传输命令
#define NF_ADDR(addr) NFADDR = (addr) //传输地址
#define NF_RDDATA() (NFDATA) //读32位数据
#define NF_RDDATA8() (NFDATA8) //读8位数据
#define NF_WRDATA(data) NFDATA = (data) //写32位数据
#define NF_WRDATA8(data) NFDATA8 = (data) //写8位数据
#define TACLS 1
#define TWRPH0 2
#define TWRPH1 0
#define NF_nFCE_L() NFCONT &= ~(1<<1)
#define NF_CE_L() NF_nFCE_L() //打开nandflash片选
#define NF_nFCE_H() NFCONT |= (1<<1)
#define NF_CE_H() NF_nFCE_H() //关闭nandflash片选
#define NF_RSTECC() NFCONT |= (1<<4) //复位ECC
#define NF_MECC_UnLock() NFCONT &= ~(1<<5) //解锁main区ECC
#define NF_MECC_Lock() NFCONT |= (1<<5) //锁定main区ECC
#define NF_SECC_UnLock() NFCONT &= ~(1<<6) //解锁spare区ECC
#define NF_SECC_Lock() NFCONT |= (1<<6) //锁定spare区ECC
#define NF_WAITRB() while(!(NFSTAT&(1<<0))) //等待nandflash不忙
#define NF_CLEAR_RB() NFSTAT |= (1<<2) //清除RnB信号
#define NF_DETECT_RB() while(!(NFSTAT&(1<<2))) //等待RnB信号变高，即不忙
void NF_Init ( void );
char NF_ReadID();
u8 NF_ReadPage(u32 page_number, char buffer[]);
u8 NF_WritePage(u32 page_number, char buffer[]);
u8 NF_EraseBlock(u32 block_number);
u8 NF_RamdomRead(u32 page_number, u32 add);
u8 NF_RamdomWrite(u32 page_number, u32 add, u8 dat);
#endif
/* -------------- 程序实例 --------------
void main(void)
{
int n;
char str[] = "luoxn28\n";
char buffer[2048], id;
u32 NFBlockNO=6;
u32 NFPagesNO = 25;
u32 BlockPages;
BlockPages =(NFBlockNO<<6)+NFPagesNO;
Led_Init();
Bell_Init();
Key_Init();
UART0_Init();
NF_Init();
id = NF_ReadID();
UART_SendString("\ntest nand flash\n");
UART_SendChar(id/100 + '0');
UART_SendChar(id/10%10 + '0');
UART_SendChar(id%10 + '0');
UART_SendString("\n the old data:\n");
NF_ReadPage(BlockPages*64, buffer);
for(n = 0; n < 2048; n++)
{
UART_SendChar(buffer[n]);
}
if(NF_EraseBlock(BlockPages) == 0x66)
{
//NF_ReadPage(BlockPages*64, buffer);
//for(n = 0; n < 2048; n++)
//{
// UART_SendChar(buffer[n]);
//}
UART_SendString("\nerase is ok1\n");
}
for(n = 0; n < 2048; n++)
{
buffer[n] = 128 - n%128;
}
if(NF_WritePage(BlockPages*64, buffer) == 0x66)
{
NF_ReadPage(BlockPages*64, buffer);
UART_SendString("\nthe new data:\n");
for(n = 0; n < 2048; n++)
{
UART_SendChar(buffer[n]);
}
}
while(1)
{
Led_ON(0);
Delay(1000);
Led_OFF(0);
Delay(1000);
}
}
*/
//-------------- nanflash操作的源文件 ----------------------------
#include "nandflash.h"
void NF_Init ( void )
{
GPACON = (GPACON &~(0x3f<<17)) | (0x3f<<17); //配置芯片引脚
NFCONF = (TACLS<<12)|(TWRPH0<<8)|(TWRPH1<<4)|(0<<0);//TACLS=1、TWRPH0=2、TWRPH1=0，8位IO
//非锁定，屏蔽nandflash中断，初始化ECC及锁定main区和spare区ECC，使能nandflash片选及控制器
NFCONT = (0<<13)|(0<<12)|(0<<10)|(0<<9)|(0<<8)|(1<<6)|(1<<5)|(1<<4)|(1<<1)|(1<<0);
}
static void NF_Reset()
{
NF_CE_L(); //打开nandflash片选
NF_CLEAR_RB(); //清除RnB信号
NF_CMD(CMD_RESET); //写入复位命令
NF_DETECT_RB(); //等待RnB信号变高，即不忙
NF_CE_H(); //关闭nandflash片选
}
char NF_ReadID()
{
char MID;
char DID;
char cyc3, cyc4, cyc5;
NF_nFCE_L(); //打开nandflash片选
NF_CLEAR_RB(); //清RnB信号
NF_CMD(CMD_READID); //读ID命令
NF_ADDR(0x0); //写0x00地址
//读五个周期的ID
MID = NF_RDDATA8(); //厂商ID：0xEC
DID = NF_RDDATA8(); //设备ID：0xDA
cyc3 = NF_RDDATA8(); //0x10
cyc4 = NF_RDDATA8(); //0x95
cyc5 = NF_RDDATA8(); //0x44
NF_nFCE_H(); //关闭nandflash片选
return (DID);
}
u8 NF_ReadPage(u32 page_number, char buffer[])
{
u32 i, mecc0, secc;
NF_RSTECC(); //复位ECC
NF_MECC_UnLock(); //解锁main区ECC
NF_nFCE_L(); //打开nandflash片选
NF_CLEAR_RB(); //清RnB信号
NF_CMD(CMD_READ1); //页读命令周期1
//写入5个地址周期
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列地址A0~A7
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列地址A8~A11
NF_ADDR((page_number) & 0xff); //行地址A12~A19
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 8) & 0xff); //行地址A20~A27
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 16) & 0xff); //行地址A28
NF_CMD(CMD_READ2); //页读命令周期2
NF_DETECT_RB(); //等待RnB信号变高，即不忙
//读取一页数据内容
for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++)
{
buffer[i] = NF_RDDATA8();
}
NF_MECC_Lock(); //锁定main区ECC值
NF_SECC_UnLock(); //解锁spare区ECC
mecc0=NF_RDDATA(); //读spare区的前4个地址内容，即第2048~2051地址，这4个字节为main区的ECC
//把读取到的main区的ECC校验码放入NFMECCD0/1的相应位置内
NFMECCD0=((mecc0&0xff00)<<8)|(mecc0&0xff);
NFMECCD1=((mecc0&0xff000000)>>8)|((mecc0&0xff0000)>>16);
NF_SECC_Lock(); //锁定spare区的ECC值
secc=NF_RDDATA(); //继续读spare区的4个地址内容，即第2052~2055地址，其中前2个字节为spare区的ECC值
//把读取到的spare区的ECC校验码放入NFSECCD的相应位置内
NFSECCD=((secc&0xff00)<<8)|(secc&0xff);
NF_nFCE_H(); //关闭nandflash片选
//判断所读取到的数据是否正确
if ((NFESTAT0&0xf) == 0x0)
return 0x66; //正确
else
return 0x44; //错误
}
u8 NF_IsBadBlock(u32 block)
{
return NF_RamdomRead(block*64, 2054);
}
u8 NF_MarkBadBlock(u32 block)
{
u8 result;
result = NF_RamdomWrite(block*64, 2054, 0x33);
if(result == 0x44)
return 0x21; //写坏块标注失败
else
return 0x60; //写坏块标注成功
}
void NF_Delay(int n)
{
int i;
while(n > 0)
{
n--;
for(i = 0; i < 200; i++);
}
}
u8 ECCBuf[6];
u8 NF_WritePage(u32 page_number, char buffer[])
{
u32 i, mecc0, secc;
u8 stat, temp;
temp = NF_IsBadBlock(page_number>>6); //判断该块是否为坏块
if(temp == 0x33)
return 0x42; //是坏块，返回
NF_RSTECC(); //复位ECC
NF_MECC_UnLock(); //解锁main区的ECC
NF_nFCE_L(); //打开nandflash片选
NF_CLEAR_RB(); //清RnB信号
NF_CMD(CMD_WRITE1); //页写命令周期1
//写入5个地址周期
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列地址A0~A7
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列地址A8~A11
NF_ADDR((page_number) & 0xff); //行地址A12~A19
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 8) & 0xff); //行地址A20~A27
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 16) & 0xff); //行地址A28
//写入一页数据
for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++)
{
NF_WRDATA8((char)buffer[i]);
}
NF_MECC_Lock(); //锁定main区的ECC值
mecc0=NFMECC0; //读取main区的ECC校验码
//把ECC校验码由字型转换为字节型，并保存到全局变量数组ECCBuf中
ECCBuf[0]=(u8)(mecc0&0xff);
ECCBuf[1]=(u8)((mecc0>>8) & 0xff);
ECCBuf[2]=(u8)((mecc0>>16) & 0xff);
ECCBuf[3]=(u8)((mecc0>>24) & 0xff);
NF_SECC_UnLock(); //解锁spare区的ECC
//把main区的ECC值写入到spare区的前4个字节地址内，即第2048~2051地址
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
NF_WRDATA8(ECCBuf[i]);
}
NF_SECC_Lock(); //锁定spare区的ECC值
secc=NFSECC; //读取spare区的ECC校验码
//把ECC校验码保存到全局变量数组ECCBuf中
ECCBuf[4]=(u8)(secc&0xff);
ECCBuf[5]=(u8)((secc>>8) & 0xff);
//把spare区的ECC值继续写入到spare区的第2052~2053地址内
for(i=4;i<6;i++)
{
NF_WRDATA8(ECCBuf[i]);
}
NF_CMD(CMD_WRITE2); //页写命令周期2
NF_Delay(1000); //延时一段时间，以等待写操作完成
NF_CMD(CMD_STATUS); //读状态命令
//判断状态值的第6位是否为1，即是否在忙，该语句的作用与NF_DETECT_RB();相同
do{
stat = NF_RDDATA8();
}while(!(stat&0x40));
NF_nFCE_H(); //关闭nandflash片选
//判断状态值的第0位是否为0，为0则写操作正确，否则错误
if (stat & 0x1)
{
temp = NF_MarkBadBlock(page_number>>6); //标注该页所在的块为坏块
if (temp == 0x21)
return 0x43; //标注坏块失败
else
return 0x44; //写操作失败
}
else
return 0x66; //写操作成功
}
u8 stat;
u8 NF_EraseBlock(u32 block_number)
{
char stat, temp;
temp = NF_IsBadBlock(block_number); //判断该块是否为坏块
if(temp == 0x33)
return 0x42; //是坏块，返回
NF_nFCE_L(); //打开片选
NF_CLEAR_RB(); //清RnB信号
NF_CMD(CMD_ERASE1); //擦除命令周期1
//写入3个地址周期，从A18开始写起
NF_ADDR((block_number << 6) & 0xff); //行地址A18~A19
NF_ADDR((block_number >> 2) & 0xff); //行地址A20~A27
NF_ADDR((block_number >> 10) & 0xff); //行地址A28
NF_CMD(CMD_ERASE2); //擦除命令周期2
NF_Delay(1000); //延时一段时间
NF_CMD(CMD_STATUS); //读状态命令
//判断状态值的第6位是否为1，即是否在忙，该语句的作用与NF_DETECT_RB();相同
do{
stat = NF_RDDATA8();
}while(!(stat&0x40));
NF_nFCE_H(); //关闭nandflash片选
//判断状态值的第0位是否为0，为0则擦除操作正确，否则错误
if (stat & 0x1)
{
temp = NF_MarkBadBlock(block_number>>6); //标注该块为坏块
if (temp == 0x21)
return 0x43; //标注坏块失败
else
return 0x44; //擦除操作失败
}
else
return 0x66; //擦除操作成功
}
u8 NF_RamdomRead(u32 page_number, u32 add)
{
NF_nFCE_L(); //打开nandflash片选
NF_CLEAR_RB(); //清RnB信号
NF_CMD(CMD_READ1); //页读命令周期1
//写入5个地址周期
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列地址A0~A7
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列地址A8~A11
NF_ADDR((page_number) & 0xff); //行地址A12~A19
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 8) & 0xff); //行地址A20~A27
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 16) & 0xff); //行地址A28
NF_CMD(CMD_READ2); //页读命令周期2
NF_DETECT_RB(); //等待RnB信号变高，即不忙
NF_CMD(CMD_RANDOMREAD1); //随意读命令周期1
//页内地址
NF_ADDR((char)(add&0xff)); //列地址A0~A7
NF_ADDR((char)((add>>8)&0x0f)); //列地址A8~A11
NF_CMD(CMD_RANDOMREAD2); //随意读命令周期2
return NF_RDDATA8(); //读取数据
}
u8 NF_RamdomWrite(u32 page_number, u32 add, u8 dat)
{
u8 stat;
NF_nFCE_L(); //打开nandflash片选
NF_CLEAR_RB(); //清RnB信号
NF_CMD(CMD_WRITE1); //页写命令周期1
//写入5个地址周期
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列地址A0~A7
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列地址A8~A11
NF_ADDR((page_number) & 0xff); //行地址A12~A19
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 8) & 0xff); //行地址A20~A27
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 16) & 0xff); //行地址A28
NF_CMD(CMD_RANDOMWRITE); //随意写命令
//页内地址
NF_ADDR((char)(add&0xff)); //列地址A0~A7
NF_ADDR((char)((add>>8)&0x0f)); //列地址A8~A11
NF_WRDATA8(dat); //写入数据
NF_CMD(CMD_WRITE2); //页写命令周期2
NF_Delay(1000); //延时一段时间
NF_CMD(CMD_STATUS); //读状态命令
//判断状态值的第6位是否为1，即是否在忙，该语句的作用与NF_DETECT_RB();相同
do{
stat = NF_RDDATA8();
}while(!(stat&0x40));
NF_nFCE_H(); //关闭nandflash片选
//判断状态值的第0位是否为0，为0则写操作正确，否则错误
if (stat & 0x1)
return 0x44; //失败
else
return 0x66; //成功
————————————————
版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「luoxn28」的原创文章，遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u012796139/article/details/38150417