PostGIS创建Gis空间数据库,shp数据入库

发布时间 2023-11-07 16:32:08作者: 古兆洋

转自:https://blog.csdn.net/An1090239782/article/details/123509645

postgresql 创建gis空间数据库,shp数据入库
https://blog.csdn.net/gis_zzu/article/details/91045052
https://www.jianshu.com/p/2c4f714c62b5
PostgreSQL创建空间数据库
1 postgresql创建空间数据库
1.1 创建普通数据库

1 CREATE DATABASE gisdbname;

1.2 数据库添加空间扩展

1 CREATE EXTENSION postgis;
2 CREATE EXTENSION postgis_topology;
3 CREATE EXTENSION fuzzystrmatch;
4 CREATE EXTENSION postgis_tiger_geocoder;
5 CREATE EXTENSION address_standardizer;

2 导入shp文件到数据库

2.1 shp数据准备

注意:postGIS导入shp数据路径不能含有中文,如果含有中文会报错,而且自己要知道自己的数据的坐标系

2.2 打开PostGIS 2.0 Shapefile and DBF Loader Exporter

 弹出如下图:

2.3 连接数据库

2.4 选择要入库的shp文件

2.5 修改SRID的值,双击SRID的值,设置导入数据的坐标系

3 PostgreSQL创建空间数据库练习

3.1 创建数据库

3.2 添加postgis扩展,使之成为支持空间类型的空间数据库

1 create extension postgis

3.3 字段设置为geometry类型

3.4 插入空间数据

1 insert into test(id,shape) values(1,point(12.32232442,43.2324535)::geometry);

3.5 查询空间数据

1 insert into test(id,shape) values(1,point(12.32232442,43.2324535)::geometry);

4 Postgres空间数据库创建

4.1 扩展PG的空间数据库功能

 1 -- Enable PostGIS (includes raster) 
 2 CREATE EXTENSION postgis; 
 3 -- Enable Topology 
 4 CREATE EXTENSION postgis_topology; 
 5 -- Enable PostGIS Advanced 3D 
 6 -- and other geoprocessing algorithms 
 7 -- sfcgal not available with all distributions 
 8 CREATE EXTENSION postgis_sfcgal; 
 9 -- fuzzy matching needed for Tiger 
10 CREATE EXTENSION fuzzystrmatch; 
11 -- rule based standardizer 
12 CREATE EXTENSION address_standardizer; 
13 -- example rule data set 
14 CREATE EXTENSION address_standardizer_data_us; 
15 -- Enable US Tiger Geocoder 
16 CREATE EXTENSION postgis_tiger_geocoder;

5 Postgres根据字段数据创建空间字段

 1 --添加空间字段
 2 SELECT AddGeometryColumn ('GIS', '四至', 4326, 'POLYGON', 2);
 3 
 4 --根据其他字段更新空间字段数据
 5 update "GIS" b 
 6 set "四至"=ST_GeomFromText ('POLYGON((' || to_char(a."东经起",'999.9999') || to_char(a."北纬起",'999.9999') || ',' || to_char(a."东经止",'999.9999') || to_char(a."北纬起",'999.9999') || ',' || to_char(a."东经止",'999.9999') || to_char(a."北纬止",'999.9999') ||',' || to_char(a."东经起",'999.9999') || to_char(a."北纬止",'999.9999') || ',' || to_char(a."东经起",'999.9999') || to_char(a."北纬起",'999.9999') || '))',4326)
 7 from "GIS" a
 8 where b."ID"=a."ID"
 9 
10 --创建索引
11 CREATE INDEX shape_index_sz1
12 ON "GIS"
13 USING gist
14 (四至); 
15 
16 --查询与指定范围相交的多边形
17 SELECT * FROM "GIS" where 
18 ST_Intersects(
19 ST_GeomFromText('POLYGON((86 44.1667,87.3333 44.1667,87.3333 45.1667,86 45.1667,86 44.1667))'), ST_GeomFromText(ST_AsText("四至")))

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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/An1090239782/article/details/123509645