Apache
一.了解apache
Apache（或httpd）是Internet上使用最多的Web服务器技术之一，使用的传输协议是http（Hypertext Transfer Protocol），超文本传输协议，这是一个基于超文本的协议，用于通过网络连接来发送和接受对象。【还有一个是httpds(http的加密版本)】
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http使用80/tcp端口
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https使用443/tcp端口
搭建httpd服务
1.有用镜像yum源（大多数linux镜像自带httpd软件包）
2.安装httpd服务
3.关闭防火墙
4.开启httpd服务且设置开机自启
5.访问httpd默认访问界面（测试服务）
实操：
1.配置yum仓库
[root@server ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[local]
name=redhat
baseurl=file:///media
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
2.安装httpd服务
[root@server ~]# yum install -y httpd
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Repodata is over 2 weeks old. Install yum-cron? Or run: yum makecache fast
local | 4.1 kB 00:00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-45.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-45.el7 for package: httpd-2.4.6-45.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: /etc/mime.types for package: httpd-2.4.6-45.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-45.el7 will be installed
---> Package mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==================================================================================
Installing:
httpd x86_64 2.4.6-45.el7 local 1.2 M
Installing for dependencies:
httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.6-45.el7 local 84 k
mailcap noarch 2.1.41-2.el7 local 31 k
......
Complete!
3.关闭防火墙
[root@server ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
或者
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
4.开启服务且设置开机自启
[root@server conf]# systemctl start httpd
[root@server conf]# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
5.访问默认网站
在客户端访问
windows：
打开浏览器输入http://192.168.10.10(配有apache服务的主机ip)
linux：
curl http://192.168.10.10(或者使用火狐浏览器同windows)
搭建个人网站
1.新建用户
2.修改用户的配置文件
3.为用户编写一个网页文件
4.修改网页文件的访问权限
5.重启apache服务
6.客户端访问测试
1.新建用户
[root@server ~]# useradd sum
[root@server ~]# passwd sum
Changing password for user sum.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is a palindrome
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
2.修改用户的配置文件
UserDir enabled (改disabled为enabled） 开启
UserDir public_html (去#注释)
3.为用户编写一个网页文件
[root@server conf.d]# cd /home/sum/
[root@server sum]# ls
[root@server sum]# vim index.html
[root@server sum]# ls
[root@server sum]# echo "hello,this's my first web" >> index.html
[root@server sum]# ls
index.html
4.修改网页文件的访问权限
[root@server sum]# chmod o+x /home/sum/
(修改其他人的访问权写)
5.重启apache服务
[root@server sum]# systemctl restart httpd.service
6.客户端访问测试