第11章-DHCP及网络地址转换技术

发布时间 2023-07-18 14:02:52作者: Evan-whc

第11章-DHCP及网络地址转换技术

11.1.4 DHCP Server配置示例
1. 配置思路

(1)在R1上使能DHCP功能。
(2)创建三个全局地址池。用于为三个不同部门的PC分配IP地址。
(3)配置地址池的相关属性。
(4)在R1的接口下配置基于全局地址池的服务方式。实现DHCP Server从全局地址池中选择分配IP地址。

2. 配置步骤

要在R1上使能DHCP功能,必须先进入系统视图,然后执行命令·dhcp enable·。
#配置R1。

<R1>system-view
[R1] dhcp enable

#DHCP Server分配IP地址时,可以使用基于全局地址池的服务方式,也可以使用基于接口地址池的服务方式。一般情况下,我们通常使用基于全局地址池的服务方式,因为在这种方式下,不必要求DHCP Client和DHCP Server位于同一个二层网络。在基于接口地址池的服务方式下,只有当DHCP Client与该接口位于同一个二层网络时,DHCP Client才可以从该接口地址池中获取IP地址。
#创建全局地址池的命令是 ip pool ip-pool-name
#配置R1

<R1>system-view
[R1] ip pool department1
[R1-ip-pool-department1] quit
[R1] ip pool department2
[R1-ip-pool-department2] quit
[R1] ip pool department3
[R1-ip-pool-department3] quit

#创建了全局地址池department1后,我们需要配置该地址池中可以参与分配的IP地址段。
#配置R1

<R1>system-view
[R1] ip pool department1
[R1-ip-pool-department1] network 192.168.1.0 mask 26

#配置网关地址,配置后系统将自动保留该地址。
[R1-ip-pool-department1] gateway-list 192.168.1.1
#配置IP地址的租约期(1天1小时)
[R1-ip-pool-department1] lease day 0 hour 1

#下面给出地址池department2和department3的配置

<R1>system-view
[R1] ip pool department2
[R1-ip-pool-department2] network 192.168.1.64 mask 26
[R1-ip-pool-department2] gateway-list 192.168.1.65
[R1-ip-pool-department2] lease day 1 hour 1 
[R1-ip-pool-department2] quit
[R1] ip pool department3
[R1-ip-pool-department3] network 192.168.1.128 mask 26
[R1-ip-pool-department3] gateway-list 192.168.1.129
[R1-ip-pool-department3] lease day 1 hour 1 
[R1-ip-pool-department3] quit

#现在,我们需要在R1的各个接口下配置基于全局地址池的服务方式,使用的命令是dhcp select global
#配置R1

<R1> system-view
[R1] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0] ip ip address 192.168.1.1  26
[R1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0] dhcp select global
[R1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0] quit
[R1] interface GigabitEthernet 2/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet2/0/0] ip ip address 192.168.1.65  26
[R1-GigabitEthernet2/0/0] dhcp select global
[R1-GigabitEthernet2/0/0] quit
[R1] interface GigabitEthernet 3/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet3/0/0] ip ip address 192.168.1.129  26
[R1-GigabitEthernet3/0/0] dhcp select global
[R1-GigabitEthernet3/0/0] quit

#验证所做的配置
<R1> display ip pool name department1 used

11.1.5 DHCP中继代理配置示例
1. 配置思路。

(1)在R1上使能DHCP功能。
(2)在R1的各个接口下使能DHCP中继功能,并配置DHCP Server的IP地址。

2. 配置R1
<R1>system-view
[R1] dhcp enable

#在R1各个接口下使能DHCP中继功能。

[R1] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0] ip address 192.168.1.1  26
[R1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0] dhcp select relay
[R1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0] dhcp relay server-ip 172.10.1.1
[R1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0] quit
[R1] interface GigabitEthernet 2/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet2/0/0] ip address 192.168.1.65  26
[R1-GigabitEthernet2/0/0] dhcp select relay
[R1-GigabitEthernet2/0/0] dhcp relay server-ip 172.10.1.1
[R1-GigabitEthernet2/0/0] quit
[R1] interface GigabitEthernet 3/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet3/0/0] ip address 192.168.1.129  26
[R1-GigabitEthernet3/0/0] dhcp select relay
[R1-GigabitEthernet3/0/0] dhcp relay server-ip 172.10.1.1
[R1-GigabitEthernet3/0/0] quit

#验证配置

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0] display this
11.2.6 静态NAT配置示例
1. 配置思路

在Router的公网侧接口GE2/0/0下配置静态NAT,将私有IP地址192.168.0.2与公有IP地址202.10.1.3绑定起来。

2. 配置步骤

#配置Router

[Router] interface gigabitethernet 2/0/0
[Router-GigabitEthernet2/0/0] natstatic global 202.10.1.3  inside 192.168.0.2
[Router-GigabitEthernet2/0/0] quit

#查看公私映射关系
<Router> display nat static