oracle12c 静默安装
先决条件
● 至少 1 GB RAM 用于 Oracle 数据库安装。建议使用 2 GB 内存。
● 至少 8 GB RAM 用于 Oracle Grid Infrastructure 安装。
支持以下 Linux x86-64 内核：
● 带有 Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 6 的
Oracle Linux 8.2：5.4.17-2011.1.2.el8uek.x86_64 或更高版本带有 Red Hat 兼容内核的 Oracle Linux 8.2：4.18.0-193.19.1.el8_2.x86_64 或更高版本
● 带有 Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 3 的 Oracle Linux 7：3.8.13-35.3.1.el7uek.x86_64 或更高版本
带有 Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 4 的 Oracle Linux 7.2 ：4.1.12-32.2.3.el7uek.x86_64 或更高版本 带有 Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 4 的
Oracle Linux 7 Red Hat 兼容内核：3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 或更高版本
● 带有 Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 2 的 Oracle Linux 6.4
：2.6.39-400.211.1.el6uek.x86_64 或更高版本带有 Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 3 的 Oracle Linux 6.6：3.8.13-44.1.1.el6uek.x86_64 或更高版本
带有Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 4：4.1.12-37.6.2.el6uek.x86_64 或更高版本
带有 Red Hat 兼容内核的 Oracle Linux 6.4：2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 或更高版本
● Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2：4.18.0-193.19.1.el8_2.x86_64 或更高版本
● Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7：3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 或更高版本
● Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.4：2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 或更高版本
● SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15：4.12.14-25-default 或更高版本
● SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP1：3.12.49-11.1 或更高版本
● NeoKylin Linux Advanced Server 7: 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 或更高版本
对于 Linux x86-64：
至少 8.6 GB 用于独立服务器安装的 Oracle Grid Infrastructure。
Oracle 数据库企业版至少需要 7.5 GB。
至少 7.5 GB 用于 Oracle Database Standard Edition 2。
对于 IBM：Linux on System z：
至少 6.5 GB 用于 Oracle Grid Infrastructure，用于独立服务器安装。
Oracle 数据库企业版至少需要 5.7 GB。
Oracle 数据库标准版 2 至少需要 5.7 GB。
Oracle 建议您分配大约 100 GB 以留出额外空间，以便在现有 Oracle 主目录上应用任何未来的补丁。有关与补丁相关的特定磁盘空间要求，请参阅您的补丁文档。
环境准备
# 查看系统位数以及内核版本
[root@dev2oracle ~]# uname -a
Linux dev2oracle 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Oct 19 16:18:59 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
# 查看系统版本
[root@dev2oracle ~]# cat /proc/version
Linux version 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 (mockbuild@kbuilder.bsys.centos.org) (gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Mon Oct 19 16:18:59 UTC 2020
[root@dev2oracle ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
[root@dev2oracle ~]#
# 配置国内 yum源，请参考文末。
#备份源
[root@dev2oracle ~]# cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
#下载新的CentOS-Base.repo 到/etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@dev2oracle ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
##或
[root@dev2oracle ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
#添加EPEL
[root@dev2oracle ~]# curl -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
[root@dev2oracle ~]# yum clean all
[root@dev2oracle ~]# yum makecache
# 安装必要软件
[root@dev2oracle ~]# yum install -y unzip zip
# 查看ip
[root@dev2oracle dbs]$ ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens192: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:50:56:bb:fa:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.115.28.244/24 brd 10.115.28.255 scope global noprefixroute ens192
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::633d:3dae:577c:168d/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
# 查看内存
[root@dev2oracle dbs]$ free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 31G 1.8G 239M 1.0G 29G 28G
Swap: 15G 20M 15G
# 查看硬盘
[root@dev2oracle dbs]$ df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev
tmpfs 16G 1008M 15G 7% /dev/shm
tmpfs 16G 18M 16G 1% /run
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 50G 2.6G 48G 6% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 151M 864M 15% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 1.5T 220G 1.3T 15% /home
tmpfs 3.2G 0 3.2G 0% /run/user/0
# 查看临时目录空间
[root@dev2oracle ~]# df -h /tmp/
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root 50G 2.6G 48G 6% /
# 查看并设置主机名
[root@dev2oracle dbs]$ cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.115.28.244 dev2oracle
10.115.13.137 testServer
[oracle@dev2oracle dbs]$ hostname
dev2oracle
[oracle@dev2oracle dbs]$ hostnamectl set-hostname dev2oracle
[oracle@dev2oracle dbs]$ hostname
dev2oracle
[oracle@dev2oracle dbs]$
# 查看并设置防火墙
[root@dev2oracle ~]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead) since 一 2023-11-20 11:39:04 CST; 3 days ago
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
Process: 994 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid $FIREWALLD_ARGS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 994 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
11月 16 11:23:14 dev2oracle systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
11月 16 11:23:14 dev2oracle systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
11月 16 11:23:14 dev2oracle firewalld[994]: WARNING: AllowZoneDrifting is enabled. This is considered an insecure co... now.
11月 16 14:12:53 dev2oracle firewalld[994]: WARNING: AllowZoneDrifting is enabled. This is considered an insecure co... now.
11月 20 11:39:04 dev2oracle systemd[1]: Stopping firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
11月 20 11:39:04 dev2oracle systemd[1]: Stopped firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@dev2oracle ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@dev2oracle ~]# systemctl start firewalld
# 关闭selinux
# 临时关闭selinux
[root@dev2oracle ~]# setenforce 0
setenforce: SELinux is disabled
# 永久关闭selinux，需要重启服务器
#修改配置文件中的SELINUX=disabled
[root@dev2oracle ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
#SELINUX=enforcing
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:
# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
[root@dev2oracle ~]# reboot
[root@dev2oracle ~]# getenforce
Disabled
# 修改内核参数
[root@dev2oracle ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
# sysctl settings are defined through files in
# /usr/lib/sysctl.d/, /run/sysctl.d/, and /etc/sysctl.d/.
#
# Vendors settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/.
# To override a whole file, create a new file with the same in
# /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there. To override
# only specific settings, add a file with a lexically later
# name in /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there.
#
# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
# 设置共享内存最大值
kernel.shmmax = 17179869184
# 设置每个共享内存段的最大值
kernel.shmall = 4194304
# 设置共享内存的最大数量
kernel.shmmni = 4096
# 设置每个进程可用共享内存的最大值
kernel.shm_rmid_forced = 0
[root@dev2oracle ~]# sysctl -p
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
kernel.shmmax = 17179869184
kernel.shmall = 4194304
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shm_rmid_forced = 0
# 修改资源限制
[root@dev2oracle ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
# End of file
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
正式安装
安装依赖包
# 安装依赖包
[root@dev2oracle ~]# yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*i686 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc*.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.devel libgcc libgcc*.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.devel libXi libXi*.i686 libXtst libXtst*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686
# 检查依赖包是否安装
[root@dev2oracle ~]# rpm -q binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXext libXtst libX11 libXau libxcb libXi make sysstat
# 安装缺失的rpm包
[root@dev2oracle ~]# yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.i686 elfutilslibelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc*.i686 glibc glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libgcc*.i686 libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.i686 libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBCdevel*.i686 libXp
创建用户和组
[root@dev2oracle ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@dev2oracle ~]# groupadd dba
[root@dev2oracle ~]# groupadd oper
[root@dev2oracle ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
[root@dev2oracle ~]# passwd oracle #输密码
修改 oracle 用户环境变量
[oracle@dev2oracle ~]$ vi .bash_profile
## 修改内容
if [ $USER = "oracle" ];then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ];then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
# Oracle Settings
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=dev2oracle; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
[oracle@dev2oracle ~]$ source .bash_profile
拷贝压缩包并解压
# oracle用户创建目录并把压缩包拷贝到新建目录下
[oracle@dev2oracle downloads]$ mkdir downloads
[oracle@dev2oracle downloads]$ ll
总用量 16437384
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3453696911 11月 16 11:57 linuxx64_12201_database.zip
[oracle@dev2oracle downloads]$ unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip
[oracle@dev2oracle downloads]$ ll
总用量 16437384
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3453696911 11月 16 11:57 linuxx64_12201_database.zip
drwxr-xr-x 7 oracle oinstall 117 1月 27 2017 database
[oracle@dev2oracle downloads]$ cd database/
[oracle@dev2oracle database]$ ll
总用量 20
drwxr-xr-x 4 oracle oinstall 234 1月 26 2017 install
drwxrwxr-x 2 oracle oinstall 81 11月 16 13:34 response
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 35 1月 26 2017 rpm
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 8771 1月 26 2017 runInstaller
drwxrwxr-x 2 oracle oinstall 29 1月 26 2017 sshsetup
drwxr-xr-x 14 oracle oinstall 4096 1月 26 2017 stage
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 500 2月 7 2013 welcome.html
[oracle@dev2oracle database]$
修改实例配置文件
[oracle@dev2oracle database]$ vi /home/oracle/downloads/db_2021-03-24_08-07-50PM.rsp
[oracle@dev2oracle database]$ cat /home/oracle/downloads/db_2021-03-24_08-07-50PM.rsp
####################################################################
## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2017. All rights reserved.##
## ##
## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize ##
## your installation. ##
## ##
## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment ##
## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate ##
## values. ##
## ##
## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and ##
## should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user ##
## or db administrator who owns this installation. ##
## ##
####################################################################
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Do not change the following system generated value.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v12.2.0
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation option.
# It can be one of the following:
# - INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
# - INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
# - UPGRADE_DB
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the location which holds the inventory files.
# This is an optional parameter if installing on
# Windows based Operating System.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/home/oracle/oraInventory
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation edition of the component.
#
# The value should contain only one of these choices.
# - EE : Enterprise Edition
# - SE2 : Standard Edition 2
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
###############################################################################
# #
# PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS #
# ------------------------------------------ #
# Provide values for the OS groups to which SYSDBA and SYSOPER privileges #
# needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the #
# group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below. #
# #
# The value to be specified for OSDBA and OSOPER group is only for UNIX based #
# Operating System. #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The OSDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted SYSDBA privileges.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The OSOPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted SYSOPER privileges.
# The value to be specified for OSOPER group is optional.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted SYSBACKUP privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The OSDGDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted SYSDG privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The OSKMDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted SYSKM privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The OSRACDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted SYSRAC privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba
###############################################################################
# #
# Grid Options #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of Real Application Cluster Database
#
# - ADMIN_MANAGED: Admin-Managed
# - POLICY_MANAGED: Policy-Managed
#
# If left unspecified, default will be ADMIN_MANAGED
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.rac.configurationType=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Value is required only if RAC database type is ADMIN_MANAGED
#
# Specify the cluster node names selected during the installation.
# Leaving it blank will result in install on local server only (Single Instance)
#
# Example : oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=node1,node2
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is used to enable or disable RAC One Node install.
#
# - true : Value of RAC One Node service name is used.
# - false : Value of RAC One Node service name is not used.
#
# If left blank, it will be assumed to be false.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Value is required only if oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall is true.
#
# Specify the name for RAC One Node Service
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Value is required only if RAC database type is POLICY_MANAGED
#
# Specify a name for the new Server pool that will be configured
# Example : oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolName=pool1
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolName=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Value is required only if RAC database type is POLICY_MANAGED
#
# Specify a number as cardinality for the new Server pool that will be configured
# Example : oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolCardinality=2
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolCardinality=0
###############################################################################
# #
# Database Configuration Options #
# #
###############################################################################
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of database to create.
# It can be one of the following:
# - GENERAL_PURPOSE
# - DATA_WAREHOUSE
# GENERAL_PURPOSE: A starter database designed for general purpose use or transaction-heavy applications.
# DATA_WAREHOUSE : A starter database optimized for data warehousing applications.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database Global Database Name.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database SID.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether the database should be configured as a Container database.
# The value can be either "true" or "false". If left blank it will be assumed
# to be "false".
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=false
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Pluggable Database name for the pluggable database in Container Database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.PDBName=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database character set.
#
# One of the following
# AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252, EE8ISO8859P2,
# EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10, NEE8ISO8859P4, BLT8MSWIN1257,
# BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5, CL8MSWIN1251, AR8ISO8859P6,
# AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7, EL8MSWIN1253, IW8ISO8859P8,
# IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE, JA16SJIS, JA16SJISTILDE,
# KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII, ZHT32EUC, ZHT16MSWIN950,
# ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254, VN8MSWIN1258
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable should be set to true if Automatic Memory Management
# in Database is desired.
# If Automatic Memory Management is not desired, and memory allocation
# is to be done manually, then set it to false.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=false
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the total memory allocation for the database. Value(in MB) should be
# at least 256 MB, and should not exceed the total physical memory available
# on the system.
# Example: oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable controls whether to load Example Schemas onto
# the starter database or not.
# The value can be either "true" or "false". If left blank it will be assumed
# to be "false".
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
###############################################################################
# #
# Passwords can be supplied for the following four schemas in the #
# starter database: #
# SYS #
# SYSTEM #
# DBSNMP (used by Enterprise Manager) #
# #
# Same password can be used for all accounts (not recommended) #
# or different passwords for each account can be provided (recommended) #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable holds the password that is to be used for all schemas in the
# starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYS password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYSTEM password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the DBSNMP password for the starter database.
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=CLOUD_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the PDBADMIN password required for creation of Pluggable Database in the Container Database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.PDBADMIN=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the management option to use for managing the database.
# Options are:
# 1. CLOUD_CONTROL - If you want to manage your database with Enterprise Manager Cloud Control along with Database Express.
# 2. DEFAULT -If you want to manage your database using the default Database Express option.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=DEFAULT
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the OMS host to connect to Cloud Control.
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=CLOUD_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsHost=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the OMS port to connect to Cloud Control.
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=CLOUD_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsPort=0
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the EM Admin user name to use to connect to Cloud Control.
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=CLOUD_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminUser=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the EM Admin password to use to connect to Cloud Control.
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=CLOUD_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminPassword=
###############################################################################
# #
# SPECIFY RECOVERY OPTIONS #
# ------------------------------------ #
# Recovery options for the database can be mentioned using the entries below #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is to be set to false if database recovery is not required. Else
# this can be set to true.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableRecovery=false
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of storage to use for the database.
# It can be one of the following:
# - FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
# - ASM_STORAGE
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the database file location which is a directory for datafiles, control
# files, redo logs.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the recovery location.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the existing ASM disk groups to be used for storage.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=ASM_STORAGE
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the password for ASMSNMP user of the ASM instance.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM_STORAGE
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username.
#
# Example : MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=abc@oracle.com
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username password.
#
# Example : MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=password
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether to enable the user to set the password for
# My Oracle Support credentials. The value can be either true or false.
# If left blank it will be assumed to be false.
#
# Example : SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether user doesn't want to configure Security Updates.
# The value for this variable should be true if you don't want to configure
# Security Updates, false otherwise.
#
# The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed
# to be true.
#
# Example : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Proxy server name. Length should be greater than zero.
#
# Example : PROXY_HOST=proxy.domain.com
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_HOST=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy port number. Should be Numeric and at least 2 chars.
#
# Example : PROXY_PORT=25
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_PORT=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy user name. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD
# blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
#
# Example : PROXY_USER=username
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_USER=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy password. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD
# blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
#
# Example : PROXY_PWD=password
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_PWD=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Oracle Support Hub URL.
#
# Example : COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=https://orasupporthub.company.com:8080/
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=
[oracle@dev2oracle database]$
创建实例
[oracle@dev2oracle database]$ ./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/downloads/db_2021-03-24_08-07-50PM.rsp
# 创建成功后需要登录root账户，执行下边两个脚本
可以在以下位置找到本次安装会话的日志:
/home/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2023-11-16_12-02-45PM.log
Oracle Database 12c 的 安装 已成功。
请查看 '/home/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2023-11-16_12-02-45PM.log' 以获取详细资料。
以 root 用户的身份执行以下脚本:
1. /home/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
2. /home/oracle/app/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Successfully Setup Software.
~
[oracle@dev2oracle database]$su - root
[oracle@dev2oracle database]$/home/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
[oracle@dev2oracle database]$/home/oracle/app/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
配置监听
# 任选其一执行
[oracle@dev2oracle database]$ netca -silent -responseFile $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/netca/netca.rsp
[oracle@dev2oracle assistants]$ ./netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/downloads/database/response/netca.rsp
创建数据库
#修改dbca.rsp配置文件
[oracle@dev2oracle database]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@dev2oracle dbhome_1]$ cd assistants/dbca/
[oracle@dev2oracle dbca]$ cp dbca.rsp /tmp
[oracle@dev2oracle dbca]$ vim /tmp/dbca.rsp
# 参考下边
[oracle@dev2oracle app]$ vi /home/oracle/downloads/dbca.rsp
responseFileVersion=/oracle/assistants/rspfmt_dbca_response_schema_v12.2.0
gdbName=orcl
sid=orcl
databaseConfigType=SI
createAsContainerDatabase=false
numberOfPDBs=1
pdbName=orclpdb
templateName=/home/oracle/app/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc
emExpressPort=5500
omsPort=0
characterSet=AL32UTF8
listeners=LISTENER
memoryPercentage=40
automaticMemoryManagement=false
totalMemory=0
[oracle@dev2oracle app]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile /home/oracle/downloads/dbca.rsp
开放端口
[root@dev2oracle ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1521/tcp --permanent
Warning: ALREADY_ENABLED: 1521:tcp
success
[root@dev2oracle ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@dev2oracle ~]# firewall-cmd --list-ports
1521/tcp
[root@dev2oracle ~]#systemctl start firewalld
验证
查看监听状态
# 有服务名称，服务名称下有实例名称，并且status 为READY，即为成功
[oracle@dev2oracle app]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 23-NOV-2023 21:56:53
Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dev2oracle)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 21-NOV-2023 17:23:34
Uptime 2 days 4 hr. 33 min. 18 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /home/oracle/app/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /home/oracle/app/diag/tnslsnr/dev2oracle/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=dev2oracle)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@dev2oracle app]$
验证实例状态
#登录数据库后台，并查询实例状态
[oracle@dev2oracle app]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Nov 23 21:58:40 2023
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;
INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
orcl OPEN
SQL> SELECT name,db_unique_name,open_mode from v$database;
NAME DB_UNIQUE_NAME OPEN_MODE
--------- ------------------------------ --------------------
ORCL standby READ ONLY
SQL>
远程连接测试
FAO
Invalid template file specified
dbca.rsp配置文件中templateName=General_Purpose.dbc
Automatic Memory Management option is not allowed when the total physical memory is greater than 4GB
dbca.rsp配置文件中改值设置为false
automaticMemoryManagement=FALSE
参考
centos | 镜像站使用帮助 | 清华大学开源软件镜像站 | Tsinghua Open Source Mirror