526互联

CT107D竞赛板矩阵键盘的应用

发布时间 2024-01-04 21:03:47作者: 跃升体

重点

  1. j5的连接
  2. 电路变化
  3. 矩阵按键原理
  4. 矩阵键盘扫描原理

  • j5的连接
    接1，2端口，

  • 电路变化
    原理图中
    P3^7 ==P4^4
    P3^6 ==P4^2
    早期的STC89C52或无定义P4口的
    需定义P4口：
    sfr P4 =0xc0； 0xc0是端口地址

  • 矩阵按键原理
    image
    上方为矩阵按键原理图
    独立按键与矩阵键盘不同的是左侧的I/O口是接地的
    当左边I/O口是低电平时 若按键未按下，右边的I/O口为高电平（接了VCC）
    当左边I/O口是低电平时,若按键按下 ，读取右边的I/O口为低电平
    通过这样的方式，可读到按键是否按下，这就是矩阵按键的原理

  • 矩阵键盘扫描原理
    image
    C端为读取端 R端为输出端
    R1=0
    R2 = R3 = R4 =1
    C口全为1

R2=0
R1 = R3 = R4 =1
C口全为1

R3=0
R1 = R2 = R4 =1
C口全为1

R4=0
R1 = R3 = R2 =1
C口全为1

像这样依次扫描 在板子的快速运行下
可达到同时扫描的效果
这样就可识别哪个键被按下

基础实现代码 看不懂的点这矩阵键盘教学

include<STC15F2K60S2.H>

sbit R1 = P3^0;//定义R口
sbit R2 = P3^1;
sbit R3 = P3^2;
sbit R4 = P3^3;

sbit C4 = P3^4;//定义C口
sbit C3 = P3^5;
sbit C2 = P4^2;
sbit C1 = P4^4;

unsigned char code SMG_duanma[18]=//数码管数字数组
{0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,
0x80,0x90,0x88,0x80,0xc6,0xc0,0x86,0x8e,
0xbf,0x7f};

void SelectHC573(unsigned char channel)//译码器选择
{
switch(channel)
{
case 4:
P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;
break;
case 5:
P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xa0;
break;
case 6:
P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xc0;
break;
case 7:
P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xe0;
break;
}
}

void Daley (unsigned char t)//延迟
{
while(t--);
}

void DisplayKeyNum(unsigned char value)
{
SelectHC573(6);//打开Y6 com端
P0 =0x01;
SelectHC573(7);//打开Y7 段码
P0 = value;
}

unsigned char key_num;
void ScanKeysMulti ()
{
R1 = 0;
R2 = R3 = R4 = 1;
C1 = C2 = C3 = C4 =1;
if(C1 == 0)
{
Daley(500);
while(C1 == 0);
key_num = 0;
DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);
}
else if(C2 == 0)
{
Daley(500);
while(C2 == 0);
key_num = 1;
DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);
}

else if(C3 == 0)
{
	Daley(500);
	while(C3 == 0);
	key_num = 2;
	DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);

}

else if(C4 == 0)
{
	Daley(500);
	while(C4 == 0);
	key_num = 3;
	DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);

}

R2 = 0;
R1 = R3 = R4 = 1;
C1 = C2 = C3 = C4 =1;
if(C1 == 0)
{
	Daley(500);
	while(C1 == 0);
	key_num = 4;
	DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);
}
else if(C2 == 0)
{
	Daley(500);
	while(C2 == 0);
	key_num = 5;
	DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);
}

else if(C3 == 0)
{
	Daley(500);
	while(C3 == 0);
	key_num = 6;
	DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);

}

else if(C4 == 0)
{
	Daley(500);
	while(C4 == 0);
	key_num = 7;
	DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);

}

R3 = 0;
R2 = R1 = R4 = 1;
C1 = C2 = C3 = C4 =1;
if(C1 == 0)
{
	Daley(500);
	while(C1 == 0);
	key_num = 8;
	DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);
}
else if(C2 == 0)
{
	Daley(500);
	while(C2 == 0);
	key_num = 9;
	DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);
}

else if(C3 == 0)
{
	Daley(500);
	while(C3 == 0);
	key_num = 10;
	DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);

}

else if(C4 == 0)
{
	Daley(500);
	while(C4 == 0);
	key_num = 11;
	DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);

}

R4 = 0;
R2 = R3 = R1 = 1;
C1 = C2 = C3 = C4 =1;
if(C1 == 0)
{
	Daley(500);
	while(C1 == 0);
	key_num = 12;
	DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);
}
else if(C2 == 0)
{
	Daley(500);
	while(C2 == 0);
	key_num = 13;
	DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);
}

else if(C3 == 0)
{
	Daley(500);
	while(C3 == 0);
	key_num = 14;
	DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);

}

else if(C4 == 0)
{
	Daley(500);
	while(C4 == 0);
	key_num = 15;
	DisplayKeyNum(SMG_duanma[key_num]);

}

}

void duzzdown ()
{
SelectHC573(5);
P0 =0x00;
SelectHC573(4);
P0 =0xff;

}
void main ()
{
duzzdown ();
while(1)
{
ScanKeysMulti ();
}
}