526互联

图书管理系统

发布时间 2023-06-14 20:45:32作者: 因近

forloop.counter展示的是从1开始的有序数列for循环使用的

cmd创建一个库

create database 库名；

pycharm连接mysql

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'tsgl',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PORT': 3306,
        'CHARSET': 'utf8'
    }
}

模型层models创建表

from django.db import models
class Book(models.Model):
    """图书表"""
    book_name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='书名')
    book_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, verbose_name='价格')
    publish_time = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)
    # 书籍与出版社的一对多关系字段
    publish = models.ForeignKey(to='Publish', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    # 书籍与作者的多对多的关系字段
    authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author')
class Publish(models.Model):
    """出版社表"""
    publish_name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='出版社名称')
    address = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='地址')
class Author(models.Model):
    """作者表"""
    author_name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='作者名字')
    age = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='年龄')
    # 作者表与作者详情表一对一的关系
    author_detail = models.OneToOneField(to='AuthorDetail', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
class AuthorDetail(models.Model):
    phone = models.BigIntegerField(verbose_name='电话')
    address = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='家庭住址')

pycharm上往五个表中添加数据

首页的搭建

视图层views编写

访问这个地址返回一个html文件
def home_func(request):
    return render(request, 'home.html')
路由层
path('home/', views.home_func, name='home_view'),

html文件编写

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/jquery/3.6.1/jquery.js"></script>
    {% load static %}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css/">
    <script src="/static/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js/"></script>
    {% block css %}
    {% endblock %}
</head>

<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse">
    <div class="container-fluid">
        <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
        <div class="navbar-header">
            <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse"
                    data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false">
                <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            </button>
            <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">图书管理系统</a>
        </div>

        <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
        <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
            <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                <li class="active"><a href="#">图书 <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
                <li><a href="#">作者</a></li>
                <li class="dropdown">
                    <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true"
                       aria-expanded="false">更多 <span class="caret"></span></a>
                    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                        <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
                        <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
                        <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
                        <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                        <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
                        <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                        <li><a href="#">One more separated link</a></li>
                    </ul>
                </li>
            </ul>
            <form class="navbar-form navbar-left">
                <div class="form-group">
                    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="书名">
                </div>
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">查询</button>
            </form>
            <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
                <li><a href="#">jason</a></li>
                <li class="dropdown">
                    <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true"
                       aria-expanded="false">更多操作<span class="caret"></span></a>
                    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                        <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
                        <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
                        <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
                        <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                        <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
                    </ul>
                </li>
            </ul>
        </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
    </div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</nav>
<div class="container-fluid">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-2">
            <div class="list-group">   绑定了路由跳转功能
                <a href="{% url 'home_view' %}" class="list-group-item list-group-item-success">首页展示</a>
                <a href="{% url 'book_list_view' %}" class="list-group-item list-group-item-info">出版社列表</a>
                <a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-warning">作者列表</a>
                <a href="#" class="list-group-item list-group-item-danger">图书列表</a>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-md-10">
            <div class="panel panel-default">
                <div class="panel-heading">Panel heading without title</div>
                <div class="panel-body">
                    Panel content
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="panel panel-default">
                <div class="panel-heading">
                    <h3 class="panel-title">图书管理系统</h3>
                </div>
                <div class="panel-body">
                    {% block content %}   给子板修改的区域
                        <div class="page-header">
                        <h1>BMS<small>试试看吧</small></h1>
                        <div class="jumbotron">
                            <h1>最丰富的图书</h1>
                            <p>友情链接</p>
                            <p><a class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" href="#" role="button">点击就看</a></p>
                        </div>
                        <div class="row">
                            <div class="col-xs-6 col-md-3">
                                <a href="#" class="thumbnail">
                                    <img src="https://c-ssl.dtstatic.com/uploads/blog/202008/16/20200816111207_jmkqw.thumb.1000_0.jpg" alt="...">
                                </a>
                            </div>
                            <div class="col-xs-6 col-md-3">
                                <a href="#" class="thumbnail">
                                    <img src="https://c-ssl.dtstatic.com/uploads/blog/202008/16/20200816111207_jmkqw.thumb.1000_0.jpg" alt="...">
                                </a>
                            </div>
                            <div class="col-xs-6 col-md-3">
                                <a href="#" class="thumbnail">
                                    <img src="https://c-ssl.dtstatic.com/uploads/blog/202008/16/20200816111207_jmkqw.thumb.1000_0.jpg" alt="...">
                                </a>
                            </div>
                            <div class="col-xs-6 col-md-3">
                                <a href="#" class="thumbnail">
                                    <img src="https://c-ssl.dtstatic.com/uploads/blog/202008/16/20200816111207_jmkqw.thumb.1000_0.jpg" alt="...">
                                </a>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    {% endblock %}
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

    </div>
</div>
{% block js %}
{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>

展示数据功能

视图层编写

路由层
path('book_list/', views.book_list, name='book_list_view'),
from app01 import models   导入模型层使用orm查询数据
def book_list(request):
    # 获取所有的图书
    book_all = models.Book.objects.all()
    # 返回html页面展示图书数据
    return render(request, 'bookList.html', locals())  接收数据

html文件编写

{% extends 'home.html' %}   继承母版
{% block content %}   内容的修改区域
    <h2 class="text-center">图书展示页</h2>
    <a href="{% url 'book_add_view' %}" class="btn btn-success">图书添加</a>   绑定事件
    <table class="table table-striped table-hover">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>编号</th>
                <th>书名</th>
                <th>价格</th>
                <th>日期</th>
                <th>作者</th>
                <th>出版社</th>
                <th>操作</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            {% for book_obj in book_all %}    拿出后端传过来的数据
                <tr>
                    <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>   <!--展示的是从1开始的有序数列-->
                    <td>{{ book_obj.book_name }}</td>  <!--书名-->
                    <td>{{ book_obj.book_price }}</td>  <!--价格-->
                    <td>{{ book_obj.publish_time|date:'Y-m-d' }}</td>      <!--日期-->
{#                    <td>{{ book_obj.authors.all }}</td>   <!--作者这里是对象-->#}
                    <td>
                        {% for author_obj in book_obj.authors.all %}
                            <span style="border: 3px solid #2aabd2;padding: 5px">{{ author_obj.author_name }}</span>     获取作者的名字，这是一个对象所以通过for循环拿到一个个作者名
							第二种方法判断是不是最后一个作者不是加逗号
                        {% endfor %}
{#                        {% for author_obj in book_obj.authors.all %}#}
{#                            {% if forloop.last %}#}
{#                                {{ author_obj.author_name }}#}
{#                            {% else %}#}
{#                                {{ author_obj.author_name }},#}
{#                            {% endif %}#}
{#                        {% endfor %}#}
                    </td>
                    <td>{{ book_obj.publish.publish_name }}</td>       <!--出版社-->
                    <td>
                        <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary btn-xs">编辑</a>
                        <a href="#" class="btn btn-danger btn-xs">删除</a>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            {% endfor %}
        </tbody>
    </table>
{% endblock %}

书籍添加功能

视图层和路由层编写

path('book_add/', views.book_add_func, name='book_add_view')
def book_add_func(request):
	接收前端的数据保存到数据库的表中
    if request.method == 'POST':
        name = request.POST.get('bool_name')
        price = request.POST.get('book_price')
        publish_time = request.POST.get('publish_time')
        publish_id = request.POST.get('publish_id')
        author_id_list = request.POST.getlist('author_id_list')
        book_obj = models.Book.objects.create(book_name=name, book_price=price, publish_time=publish_time,
                                              publish_id=publish_id)
        book_obj.authors.add(*author_id_list)  把列表打散加入列表中跨表添加
        return redirect('book_list_view')  # 只能解析没有动态匹配的路由
	# 把出版社和作者的数据都传给html文件
    publish_all = models.Publish.objects.all()
    author_all = models.Author.objects.all()
    # 返回一个可以添加数据的html文件
    return render(request, 'bookAdd.html', locals())

html文件编写

{% extends 'home.html' %}  继承母版
{% block content %}
    <h2 class="text-center">图书添加页</h2>
    <form action="" method="post">   接收数据给后端
        <p>book_name:
            <input type="text" name="bool_name" class="form-control">
        </p>
        <p>book_price:
            <input type="text" name="book_price" class="form-control">
        </p>
        <p>publish_time:
            <input type="date" name="publish_time" class="form-control">
        </p>
        <p>publish_name:
            <select name="publish_id" id="" class="form-control">
                {% for publish_obj in publish_all %}
                    <option value="{{ publish_obj.pk }}">{{ publish_obj.publish_name }}</option>
                {% endfor %}    pubilsh_id就是键，pubilsh_obj.pk就是值。publish_obj.publish_name展示所有的出版社选择通过主键知道是那个出版社
            </select>
        </p>
        <p>author_list:
            <select name="author_id_list" id="" multiple class="form-control">  multiple就是多选作者
                {% for author_obj in author_all %}
                    <option value="{{ author_obj.pk }}">{{ author_obj.author_name }}</option>
                {% endfor %}

            </select>
        </p>
        <p>
            <input type="submit" value="书籍添加" class="btn btn-block btn-success">
        </p>
    </form>
{% endblock %}

书本的修改

路由层和视图层

path('book_edit/<int:book_pk>/', views.book_edit_func, name='book_edit_view')
def book_edit_func(request, book_pk):
    # 根据获取前端需要编辑的数据对象
    edit_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(pk=book_pk).first() 拿到要修改的主键
    if request.method == 'POST':
        name = request.POST.get('bool_name')
        price = request.POST.get('book_price')
        publish_time = request.POST.get('publish_time')
        publish_id = request.POST.get('publish_id')
        author_id_list = request.POST.getlist('author_id_list')
        models.Book.objects.filter(pk=book_pk).update(book_name=name, book_price=price, publish_time=publish_time,
                                                      publish_id=publish_id)
        edit_obj.authors.set(author_id_list)  修改作者列表
        return redirect('book_list_view')
    # 获取出版社和作者的信息
    publish_all = models.Publish.objects.all()
    author_all = models.Author.objects.all()
    # 传递给html页面展示
    return render(request, 'bookEdit.html', locals())

html文件编写

{% extends 'home.html' %}  继承母版
{% block content %}
    <h2 class="text-center">书籍编辑</h2>
    <form action="" method="post">
        <p>book_name:
            <input type="text" name="bool_name" class="form-control" value="{{ edit_obj.book_name }}">
        </p>
        <p>book_price:
            <input type="text" name="book_price" class="form-control" value="{{ edit_obj.book_price }}">
        </p>
        <p>publish_time:
            <input type="date" name="publish_time" class="form-control" value="{{ edit_obj.publish_time|date:'Y-m-d' }}">
        </p>
        <p>publish_name:
            <select name="publish_id" id="" class="form-control">
                {% for publish_obj in publish_all %}
				根据主键点出版社在里面就默认选中不在就不选中
                    {% if edit_obj.publish == publish_obj %}
                        <option value="{{ publish_obj.pk }}" selected>{{ publish_obj.publish_name }}</option>    selected默认选中
                    {% else %}
                        <option value="{{ publish_obj.pk }}" >{{ publish_obj.publish_name }}</option>
                    {% endif %}
                {% endfor %}
            </select>
        </p>
        <p>author_list:
            <select name="author_id_list" id="" multiple class="form-control">
                {% for author_obj in author_all %}
				一样的判断通过主键点作者判断在不在这个列表里面在就选中
                    {% if author_obj in edit_obj.authors.all %}
                        <option value="{{ author_obj.pk }}"selected>{{ author_obj.author_name }}</option>
                    {% else %}
                        <option value="{{ author_obj.pk }}">{{ author_obj.author_name }}</option>
                    {% endif %}
                {% endfor %}
            </select>
        </p>
        <p>
            <input type="submit" value="书籍添加" class="btn btn-block btn-danger">
        </p>
    </form>
{% endblock %}

删除功能

路由层和视图层

path('book_delete/<int:book_pk>/', views.book_delete_func, name='book_delete_view')
def book_delete_func(request, book_pk):
    # 删除书籍与作者的绑定关系
    delete_book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(pk=book_pk).first()
    delete_book_obj.authors.clear()
    # 删除书籍数据
    models.Book.objects.filter(pk=book_pk).delete()
    return redirect('book_list_view')

html文件编写(基于书籍展示的编写)

<td>
                        <a href="{% url 'book_edit_view' book_obj.pk %}" class="btn btn-primary btn-xs">编辑</a>
                        <a href="{% url 'book_delete_view' book_obj.pk %}" class="btn btn-danger btn-xs delBtn">删除</a>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            {% endfor %}

        </tbody>
    </table>
{% endblock %}

{% block js %}
    <script>
        $('.delBtn').click(function () {
            let isDel = confirm('你确定要删除吗')
            if (!isDel){
                return false
            }
        })
    </script>
{% endblock %}