Service discovery helps you discovery,track and monitor the health of services within a network.
Service discovery registers and maintains a record of all your services in a service catalog.This service catalog acts as a single source of truth that allows your services to query and communicate with each other.
Benifits of service discovery
Service discovery provides benefits for all organizations, ranging from simplified scalability to imporve application resiliency. Some of the benefits of service discovery include:
- Dynamic IP address and Port discovery
- Simplified horizontal service scaling
- Abstract discovery logic away from applications
- Reliable service communication ensured by health checks
- Load balance requests across healthy service instances.
- Faster deployment times achieved by high-speed discovery.
- Automated service registration and de-registration
The service catalog is dynamically updated as new instance of the service are added and legacy or unhealthy service instances are removed. Removed services will no longer participate in the load balancing pool for handling service consumer requests.
What is service discovery in microservices?
In a microservices application, the set of active service instances changes frequently across a large, dynamic environment.These service instances rely on a service catalog to retrieve the most up-to-date access information from the respective services. A reliable service catalog is especially important for service discovery in microservices to ensure healthy, scalable, and highly responsive application operation.
What are the two main types of service discovery?
There are two main service-discovery partterns: client-side discovery and server-side discovery.
In systems that use client-side discovery, the service consumer is reponsible for determinig the access information of available service instances and load balancing requests between them.
- The service consumer queries the service catalog
- The service catalog retrieves and returns all access informatlion
- The service discovery consumer selects a healthy downstream service and makes request directly ot it.
In systems that use server-side discovery, the service consumer uses an intermediary to query the service catalog and make requests to them.
- The service consumer queries an intermediary(Consul)
- The intermediary queries the service catalog and routes requests to the available service instances.
For modern applications, this discovery method is advantageous because developers can make their applications fater and more lightweight by decoupling and centrailizing service discovery logic.
Service discovery vs load balancing
Service discovery and load balancing share as similarity in distributing requests to back end services. but differ in many important ways.
Traditional load balancing are not designed for rapid registration and de-registration of services, nor are they designed for high-availbility. By contrast, service discovery system use multiple nodes that maintain the service registry state and a peer -to-peer state management system for increased resilience acoss any type of infrastructure.
For modern, clound-based application, serfvice discovery is the preffered method for directing traffic to the right service provider due to its ability to scale and remain resilient, independent of infrastructure.
How do you implement service discovery?
You can implement service discovery systems across any type of infrastructure, whether it is on-premise or in the cloud. Service discovery is a native feature of many container orchestrators such as Kubernetes or Nomad. There are also platform-agnostic service discovery methods available for non-container workloads such as VMs and serverless technologies. Implementing a resilient service discovery system involves creating a set of servers that maintain and facilitate service registry operations. You can achieve this by installing a service discovery system or using a managed service discovery service.
What is Consul?
Consul is a service networking solution that lets you automate network configurations, discover services,and enable secure connectity across any clound or runtime. With these features, Consul helps you solve the complex netowkring and security challenges of operating microservices and clound infrastructure(mult-cloud and hybrid cloud),You can use these features independently or together to achive zero trust security.
Consul's service discovery capabilities help you discover ,track, and monitor the health of serfvices within a network. Consul acts a single source of truth htat allows your services to query and communicate with each other.
You can use Consul with virtual machine(VMs) , containers, serverless technolegies , or with container orchestration platforms, such as Nomad and Kubernates, Consul is platform agnostic which makes it a great fit for all environments,including legacy platforms.
Consul is available as a self-managed project or as a fully managed service mesh solution (HCP Consul), HCP Consul enables users to discover and securely connect services without the added operational burden of maintaing a service mesh on their own.