1、etree和协程爬明朝那些事
import requests
from lxml import etree
import asyncio
import aiohttp
import aiofiles
import os
# 1. 拿到主页面的源代码 (不需要异步)
# 2. 拿到页面源代码之后. 需要解析出 <卷名>, <章节, href>
headers = {
"user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/100.0.4896.75 Safari/537.36"
}
def get_chaptor_info(url):
resp = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
resp.encoding = "UTF-8"
page_source = resp.text
# 开始解析
tree = etree.HTML(page_source)
# 作业, 请解释出每个循环在这里的作用?
result = []
divs = tree.xpath("//div[@class='mulu']") # 每一个div就是一卷
for div in divs:
trs = div.xpath(".//table/tr") # 一堆tr
juan_name = trs[0].xpath(".//a/text()")
juan_name = "".join(juan_name).strip().replace("：", "_")
for tr in trs[1:]: # 93
tds = tr.xpath("./td")
for td in tds:
txt = td.xpath(".//text()")
href = td.xpath(".//@href")
txt = "".join(txt).replace(" ", "").strip()
href = "".join(href)
dic = {
"chapter_name": txt,
"chapter_url": href,
"juan_name": juan_name
}
result.append(dic)
return result
async def download_one(url, file_path):
print("我要下載文章了")
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
async with session.get(url, headers=headers) as resp:
page_source = await resp.text(encoding="utf-8")
# 拿到文章
tree = etree.HTML(page_source)
content = tree.xpath("//div[@class='content']//p//text()")
content = "".join(content).replace("\n", "").replace("\r", "").replace(" ", "").strip()
# 寫入文件
async with aiofiles.open(file_path, mode="w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
await f.write(content)
print("恭喜你。 下載了一篇文章!", file_path)
async def download_chapter(chaptor_list):
tasks = []
for chaptor in chaptor_list: # {juan: xxx, name:xxx, href: xxx}
juan = chaptor['juan_name'] # 文件夹名
name = chaptor['chapter_name'] # 文件名 前言.txt
url = chaptor['chapter_url'] # 用来下载 -> 异步任务
if not os.path.exists(juan): # 判斷文件夾是否存在
os.makedirs(juan) # 如果不存在就創建
# 給出文件的真正的保存路徑
file_path = f"{juan}/{name}.txt" # 74
f = download_one(url, file_path)
t = asyncio.create_task(f)
tasks.append(t)
break # 测试的时候
await asyncio.wait(tasks)
def main():
url = "https://www.mingchaonaxieshier.com/"
chaptor_list = get_chaptor_info(url)
# print(chaptor_list)
# 开始上协程. 进行异步下载
asyncio.run(download_chapter(chaptor_list))
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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