What is the sewage charging system?
Although manufacturing has always been a key driving force for China's economic growth, it is also the root cause of water pollution. In the face of rapid industrialization, China has taken ten measures to curb water pollution and introduce environmental protection measures. Among them, the polluter payment principle, that is, the sewage charging system, has made great contributions.
In the past 30 years, China has levied nearly 148 billion yuan in pollution enterprises, a considerable part of which has been returned to polluting enterprises as funds for technological transformation and pollution control. Some experts believe that in the early stage of China's economic development, the "collection and return" mechanism of pollutant dischargefees made up for the lack of investment in environmental protection by governments and enterprises, which is of great value.
Similarly, Russia is a manufacturing power, and its water pollution is mainly caused by the industrial wastewater discharge and improper treatment of urban sewage by energy and chemical enterprises. Many rivers in Russia are seriously polluted, including the Volga River, Oka River and Don River. These rivers are polluted by industrial emissions, which has had a serious impact on the local ecological environment and people's health. The polluter payment principle can also be applied to Russian countries.
The superiority of the charging system.
Promote the treatment of old pollution sources, improve the comprehensive utilisation rate of resources, promote the innovation of pollution emission reduction technology, and prepare environmental protection funds for the government.
- [ ] Pollution charges can promote the treatment of pollution sources in old industrial zones in Russia. Russia has developed heavy industry and many old industrial zones. The problem of old pollution sources needs to be solved urgently, and the progress of preventing and controlling industrial pollution is very slow. At present, enterprises mainly ask the government for money and important things to control pollution, and lack the consciousness and initiative to prevent and control pollution. By using economic leverage and legal means to carry out environmental supervision, carry out in-depth collection of sewage fees, and promote the implementation of the policy of "who pollutes who treats", can improve the consciousness of pollution prevention in old industrial areas in Russia, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling old pollution sources.
- [ ] The sewage charging system can help Russia improve energy and resource utilization. Russia's industrial "three waste" emissions are very large, the utilization rate of raw materials is low, the consumption of resources and energy is large, and the production cost is also relatively high. Many resources and energy that can be comprehensively used and recycled have been wasted. The collection of pollutant discharge fees promotes the economic analysis and comparison of the benefits and losses of governance and non-management, and urges them to strengthen business management, establish rules and regulations, reduce resource waste, and improve the integrity rate of equipment, thus promoting the conservation and comprehensive use of resources by enterprises.
- [ ] The sewage charging system can promote the adoption and innovation of pollution emission reduction technologies in Russian industrial zones. When enterprises consume too much energy and discharge too much pollution, which has a serious impact on water pollution, the government will charge higher sewage fees, which will prompt enterprises to continue to develop new technologies, promote enterprises to reduce production and reduce pollutant emissions.
- [ ] The sewage charging system can provide special funds for the government's environmental protection. As a source of funds for environmental protection departments, the fees collected can provide part of the funds for public environmental protection design, and return pollution enterprises as special funds for pollution control, and the national water pollution can be used for the development and demonstration application of new technologies and processes for key pollution source control, regional pollution prevention and control, pollution prevention and control. And other pollution prevention projects, etc.
Contribution and hope
The sewage charging system implemented by China can not only promote the technological innovation of Chinese polluting enterprises and alleviate the problem of water pollution in China,but also provide reference for Russia,a large industrialized country, to solve the problem of water pollution caused by industry. Today,as global water pollution intensifies, the water resources and water environment of all countries are under serious threat. As a major responsible cOuntry,China has actively built a water pollution control system and introduced water environmental protection policies,focusing on its own environmental governance and working hard to solve the world's environmental problems.It is believed that in the future, China's Contribution to the governance of Russia and other countries will continue to expand.
Video resources:
https://www.msn.com/en-us/video/news/soaring-water-and-sewer-bills-why/vi-AA1cltH6
https://www.msn.com/en-us/video/news/soaring-water-and-sewer-bills-why/vi-AA1cltH6
郑钟慧、张明珠：Draft writing
陈依诺：Collect related materials
李慧：Summarize and check for errors