内容
今天学习了工厂方法模式，之前也学习了简单工厂模式。工厂方法模式是对简单工厂模式的抽象和升级。
收获
1.工厂方法模式延续了简单工厂模式对复杂创建过程的封装的优点，同时克服了简单工厂违背开放-封闭原则的缺点。
2.采用了多态的思想，将具体需要创建的对象交给了上层来决定，从而不需要修改自己内部的代码逻辑。
3.简单工厂：是一个工厂产所有类型
工厂方法模式：是一个工厂接口，生成很多工厂，每个工厂生产自己的类型
感悟
1.当我们需要创建工厂类创建对象时，先抽象出接口设计工厂创建接口
2.然后根据这个接口生成各种工厂类，这些工厂类重新实现工厂创建接口
3.用户需要构造新对象时，先构建一个工厂基类，然后指向具体想创建的类，然后创建该类对象
4.当需要扩展时，只需要创建新的类就行了，但是也额外增加了开发量（说是后续可以采用反射技术），虽然这样做也麻烦，但是比简单工厂好在，无需对类内代码再做修改了
示例代码
//Device.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace FactoryDesignMode
{
public class BasicDevice
{
public string? DevId { get; set; }
public string? DevName { get; set; }
public string? DevType { get; set; }
public string? DevModel { get; set; }
public string? IpAddr { get; set; }
public string? Manufacturer { get; set; }
public string? FactoryContactPerson { get; set; }
public string? FactoryContactPhone { get; set; }
public virtual bool PrintDeviceInfo()
{
Console.WriteLine("============== 设备基础信息 ===============");
Console.WriteLine("设备编号：" + DevId);
Console.WriteLine("设备名称：" + DevName);
Console.WriteLine("设备类型：" + DevType);
Console.WriteLine("设备型号：" + DevModel);
Console.WriteLine("IP地址：" + IpAddr);
Console.WriteLine("生产厂商：" + Manufacturer);
Console.WriteLine("厂商联系人：" + FactoryContactPerson);
Console.WriteLine("厂商联系方式：" + FactoryContactPhone);
Console.WriteLine("===========================================");
return true;
}
public bool LoadDeviceInfo(string TmpDevId, string TmpDevName, string TmpDevType, string TmpDevModel,
string TmpIpAddr, string TmpManufacturer, string TmpFactoryContactPerson,
string TmpFactoryContactPhone)
{
this.DevId = TmpDevId;
this.DevName = TmpDevName;
this.DevType = TmpDevType;
this.IpAddr = IpAddr;
this.Manufacturer = Manufacturer;
this.FactoryContactPerson = FactoryContactPerson;
this.FactoryContactPhone = FactoryContactPhone;
Console.WriteLine("BasicDevice:设备加载基础信息成功");
return true;
}
}
public class MachineDevice : BasicDevice
{
public string? MajorAxleType { get; set; }
public string? MajorAxlePower { get; set; }
public string? MajorAxleTorqu { get; set; }
public string? MajorAxleSpeed { get; set; }
public override bool PrintDeviceInfo()
{
Console.WriteLine("============== 机床设备信息 ===============");
Console.WriteLine("主轴类型：" + MajorAxleType);
Console.WriteLine("主轴功率：" + MajorAxlePower);
Console.WriteLine("主轴扭矩：" + MajorAxleTorqu);
Console.WriteLine("主轴转速：" + MajorAxleSpeed);
Console.WriteLine("===========================================");
return base.PrintDeviceInfo();
}
public bool LoadDeviceInfo(string TmpDevId, string TmpDevName, string TmpDevType, string TmpDevModel,
string TmpIpAddr, string TmpManufacturer, string TmpFactoryContactPerson,
string TmpFactoryContactPhone, string TmpMajorAxleType, string TmpMajorAxlePower,
string TmpMajorAxleTorqu, string TmpMajorAxleSpeed)
{
this.DevId = TmpDevId;
this.DevName = TmpDevName;
this.DevType = TmpDevType;
this.IpAddr = IpAddr;
this.Manufacturer = Manufacturer;
this.FactoryContactPerson = FactoryContactPerson;
this.FactoryContactPhone = FactoryContactPhone;
this.MajorAxleType = TmpMajorAxleType;
this.MajorAxlePower = TmpMajorAxlePower;
this.MajorAxleTorqu = TmpMajorAxleTorqu;
this.MajorAxleSpeed = TmpMajorAxleSpeed;
Console.WriteLine("MachineDevice:机床设备加载信息成功");
return true;
}
}
public class DetectDevice : BasicDevice
{
public string? CheckFilePath { get; set; }
public override bool PrintDeviceInfo()
{
Console.WriteLine("============== 检测设备信息 ===============");
Console.WriteLine("检测文件路径：" + CheckFilePath);
Console.WriteLine("===========================================");
return base.PrintDeviceInfo();
}
}
public class RackDevice : BasicDevice
{
public string? Row { get; set; }
public string? Col { get; set; }
public override bool PrintDeviceInfo()
{
Console.WriteLine("============== 料库设备信息 ===============");
Console.WriteLine("行：" + Row);
Console.WriteLine("列：" + Col);
Console.WriteLine("===========================================");
return base.PrintDeviceInfo();
}
}
public class TransportDevice : BasicDevice
{
public string? GripCount { get; set; }
public override bool PrintDeviceInfo()
{
Console.WriteLine("============== 运输设备信息 ===============");
Console.WriteLine("夹爪个数：" + GripCount);
return base.PrintDeviceInfo();
}
}
//工厂接口
interface IFactory
{
BasicDevice CreateDevice();
}
//机床设备工厂
class MachineDeviceFactory : IFactory
{
public BasicDevice CreateDevice()
{
return new MachineDevice();
}
}
//检测设备工厂
class DetectDeviceFactory : IFactory
{
public BasicDevice CreateDevice()
{
return new DetectDevice();
}
}
//料库设备工厂
class RackDeviceFactory : IFactory
{
public BasicDevice CreateDevice()
{
return new RackDevice();
}
}
//运输设备工厂
class TransportDeviceFactory : IFactory
{
public BasicDevice CreateDevice()
{
return new TransportDevice();
}
}
//其余设备工厂
class BasicDeviceFactory : IFactory
{
public BasicDevice CreateDevice()
{
return new BasicDevice();
}
}
}
// Program.cs
using FactoryDesignMode;
List<BasicDevice> DeviceList = new List<BasicDevice>();
IFactory Machinefactory = new MachineDeviceFactory();
DeviceList.Add(Machinefactory.CreateDevice()); //添加机床设备
IFactory Detectfactory = new DetectDeviceFactory();
DeviceList.Add(Detectfactory.CreateDevice()); //添加检测设备
IFactory Rackfactory = new RackDeviceFactory();
DeviceList.Add(Rackfactory.CreateDevice()); //添加料库设备
IFactory Transportfactory = new RackDeviceFactory();
DeviceList.Add(Transportfactory.CreateDevice()); //添加运输设备
foreach (BasicDevice TmpDev in DeviceList)
{
TmpDev.PrintDeviceInfo();
}